Ruth 4

English Revised Version, Verse 8

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⁸ So the near kinsman said unto Boaz, Buy it for thyself. And he drew off his shoe.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ruth 4:8. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 63

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר הַגֹּאֵ֛ל לְבֹ֖עַז קְנֵה־לָ֑ךְ וַיִּשְׁלֹ֖ף נַעֲלֽוֹ׃

7 word entries

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

הַגֹּאֵ֛ל

Lemma: d/1350 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1350
Occurrences: 5

לְבֹ֖עַז

Lemma: l/1162
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1162
Occurrences: 2

קְנֵה

Lemma: 7069
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7069
Occurrences: 61

לָ֑ךְ

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

וַיִּשְׁלֹ֖ף

Lemma: c/8025
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8025
Occurrences: 2

נַעֲלֽוֹ

Lemma: 5275
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5275
Occurrences: 12

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ἀγχιστεὺς τῷ Βοὸζ, κτῆσαι σεαυτῷ τὴν ἀγχιστείαν μου· καὶ ὑπελύσατο τὸ ὑπόδημα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ.

19 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἶπεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it said
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀγχιστεὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀγχιστεὺς
Transliteration: agchisteys
Morphology: nominative masculine/feminine singular or accusative plural pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Βοὸζ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Βοὸζ
Transliteration: booz
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Βοὸζ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 24

κτῆσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κτῆσαι
Transliteration: ktesai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 11

σεαυτῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σεαυτοῦ
Transliteration: seauto
Morphology: reflexive pronoun, dative masculine/neuter singular
Gloss: to/for yourself
Part of Speech: reflexive pronoun
Definition: Second-person reflexive pronoun.
Occurrences: 165

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀγχιστείαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀγχιστείαν
Transliteration: agchisteian
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ὑπελύσατο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ὑπελύσατο
Transliteration: ypelysato
Morphology: verb, middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she was ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὑπόδημα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὑπόδημα
Transliteration: ypodema
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἔδωκεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίδωμι
Transliteration: edoken
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it gave
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To give.
Occurrences: 1384

αὐτῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐ̣ܡܪ ܗ̇ܘ ܬܒ̇ܘܥܐ ܠܒܥܙ. ܩ̣ܢܝ ܢܦܫܟ. ܘܫ̣ܪܐ ܡܢ ܪ̈ܓܠܘܗܝ

9 word entries

ܘܐ̣ܡܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܡܪ
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1697

ܗ̇ܘ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘ
Transliteration: hu
Morphology: pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss: he, it, is
Occurrences: 2003

ܬܒ̇ܘܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܒܘܥܐ
Transliteration: tbw''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 11

ܠܒܥܙ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܥܙ
Transliteration: lb'z
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 3

ܩ̣ܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܢܝ
Transliteration: qny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 7

ܢܦܫܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܦܫܟ
Transliteration: npshk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 57

ܘܫ̣ܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܫܪܐ
Transliteration: wshr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 36

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܪ̈ܓܠܘܗܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܓܠܘܗܝ
Transliteration: rglwhy
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 23

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַאֲמַר פָּרִיקָא לְבוֹעַז אוֹשֵׁיט יְדָךְ לְקִנְיָנָא וּקְנֵי לָךְ וּטְלַע בּוֹעַז יָת נַרְתֵּיק יַד יַמִּינֵיהּ וּקְנָא לֵיהּ׃

16 word entries

וַאֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: and said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

פָּרִיקָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פריקא
Transliteration: pryq'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 7

לְבוֹעַז

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בועז
Transliteration: lbw'z
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

אוֹשֵׁיט

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אושיט
Transliteration: 'wshyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 32

יְדָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ידך
Transliteration: ydk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 98

לְקִנְיָנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קנינא
Transliteration: lqnyn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 12

וּקְנֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קני
Transliteration: wqny
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 21

לָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לך
Transliteration: lk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 468

וּטְלַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טלע
Transliteration: wtl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

בּוֹעַז

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ועז
Transliteration: bw'z
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 22

יָת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

נַרְתֵּיק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נרתיק
Transliteration: nrtyq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

יַד

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יד
Transliteration: yd
Morphology: noun feminine singular
Gloss: hand, power
Occurrences: 92

יַמִּינֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ימיניה
Transliteration: ymynyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 21

וּקְנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קנא
Transliteration: wqn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 11

לֵיהּ׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליה
Transliteration: lyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1154

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Dixit ergo propinquo suo Booz: Tolle calceamentum tuum. Quod statim solvit de pede suo.

12 word entries

dixit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dixit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

ergo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ergo
Transliteration: ergo
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1237

propinquus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: propinquus
Transliteration: propinquus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 20

Booz

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Booz
Transliteration: Booz
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 23

tolle

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tollo
Transliteration: tolle
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 348

calciamentum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: calceamentum
Transliteration: calciamentum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 32

quod

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quod
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

statim

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: statim
Transliteration: statim
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 160

solvit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: soluo
Transliteration: solvit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 88

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

pede

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pes
Transliteration: pede
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 362

suo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

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