Joshua 6

Open English Bible, US Edition, Verse 7

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⁷ Then he told the people, “Forward, march round the town, with the armed men in front of the ark of the Lord .

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Joshua 6:7. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 67

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

ויאמרו אֶל־הָעָ֔ם עִבְר֖וּ וְסֹ֣בּוּ אֶת־הָעִ֑יר וְהֶ֣חָל֔וּץ יַעֲבֹ֕ר לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֥וֹן יְהוָֽה׃

13 word entries

ויאמרו

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

הָעָ֔ם

Lemma: d/5971 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H5971
Occurrences: 815

עִבְר֖וּ

Lemma: 5674 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5674
Occurrences: 330

וְסֹ֣בּוּ

Lemma: c/5437
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5437
Occurrences: 67

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

הָעִ֑יר

Lemma: d/5892 b
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H5892
Occurrences: 390

וְהֶ֣חָל֔וּץ

Lemma: c/d/2502 b
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle definite article + verb qal participle passive
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H2502
Occurrences: 3

יַעֲבֹ֕ר

Lemma: 5674 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5674
Occurrences: 330

לִפְנֵ֖י

Lemma: l/6440
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender plural construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6440
Occurrences: 1012

אֲר֥וֹן

Lemma: 727
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H727
Occurrences: 128

יְהוָֽה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, λέγων, παραγγείλατε τῷ λαῷ περιελθεῖν, καὶ κυκλῶσαι τὴν πόλιν· καὶ οἱ μάχιμοι παραπορευέσθωσαν ἐνωπλισμένοι ἐναντίον Κυρίου.

19 word entries

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἶπεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it said
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

αὐτοῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

λέγων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: legon
Morphology: participle, present active masculine nominative singular
Gloss: saying
Part of Speech: participle
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

παραγγείλατε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: παραγγείλατε
Transliteration: paraggeilate
Morphology: vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

λαῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λαός
Transliteration: laos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: people
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: People, nation, or community.
Occurrences: 1841

περιελθεῖν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: περιελθεῖν
Transliteration: perielthein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

κυκλῶσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κυκλῶσαι
Transliteration: kyklosai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τὴν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πόλιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πόλις
Transliteration: polis
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: city
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: City or town.
Occurrences: 1387

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

μάχιμοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μάχιμοι
Transliteration: machimoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

παραπορευέσθωσαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: παραπορευέσθωσαν
Transliteration: paraporeyesthosan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἐνωπλισμένοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐνωπλισμένοι
Transliteration: enoplismenoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

ἐναντίον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐναντίον
Transliteration: enantion
Morphology: preposition/adverb
Gloss: before, opposite, against
Part of Speech: preposition/adverb
Definition: Before, opposite, in the presence of, or against.
Occurrences: 414

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܡܪ ܠܥܡܐ ܥܒܪܘ ܘܐܬܟܪܟܘ ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܘܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܙܝܢܝܢ ܢܥܒܪܘܢ ܩܕܡ ܩܒܘܬܗ ܕܡܪܝܐ

11 word entries

ܘܐܡܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>MR
Morphology: W->MR[
Occurrences: 0

ܠܥܡܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: L<M>
Morphology: L-<M=/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܥܒܪܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <BRW
Morphology: !!<BR[W
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܬܟܪܟܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>TKRKW
Morphology: W-!!@>T@KRK[W
Occurrences: 0

ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LMDJNT>
Morphology: L-MDJN(>/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܝܠܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>JLJN
Morphology: W->JLJN
Occurrences: 0

ܕܡܙܝܢܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DMZJNJN
Morphology: D-!M!ZJN=[/JN:dp
Occurrences: 0

ܢܥܒܪܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: N<BRWN
Morphology: !N!<BR[WN
Occurrences: 0

ܩܕܡ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: QDM
Morphology: QDM/
Occurrences: 0

ܩܒܘܬܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: QBWTH
Morphology: Q(>BW/T-H
Occurrences: 0

ܕܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DMRJ>
Morphology: D-MRJ>/
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַאֲמַר לְעַמָא עֲבָרוּ וְאַקִיפוּ יַת קַרְתָּא וּמְזַרְזֵי חֵילָא יַעַבְּרוּן קֳדָם אֲרוֹנָא דַיָי׃

12 word entries

וַאֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: and said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

לְעַמָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: l'm'
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: to/for people
Occurrences: 1754

עֲבָרוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עברו
Transliteration: 'brw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 83

וְאַקִיפוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקיפו
Transliteration: w'qypw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

קַרְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרתא
Transliteration: qrt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 512

וּמְזַרְזֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מזרזי
Transliteration: wmzrzy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

חֵילָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חילא
Transliteration: chyl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 218

יַעַבְּרוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יעברון
Transliteration: y'brwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 10

קֳדָם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קדם
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: prepositional or nominal form
Gloss: before, in front of, east
Occurrences: 2023

אֲרוֹנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ארונא
Transliteration: 'rwn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 146

דַיָי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דיי
Transliteration: dyy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1761

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Ad populum quoque ait: Ite, et circuite civitatem, armati, præcedentes arcam Domini.

12 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ad
Transliteration: ad
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 7531

populum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: populus
Transliteration: populum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2030

quoque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quoque
Transliteration: quoque
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 773

ait

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aio
Transliteration: ait
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1222

vadite

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uado
Transliteration: vadite
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 324

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

circuite

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: circumeo
Transliteration: circuite
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 75

civitatem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ciuitas
Transliteration: civitatem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1108

armati

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: armatus
Transliteration: armati
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 23

praecedentes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: praecedo
Transliteration: praecedentes
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 68

arcam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: arca
Transliteration: arcam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 225

Domini

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Domini
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Joshua 6

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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Joshua 1:14

Joshua 6:3