8 The wordes of a tale bearer are as flatterings, and they goe downe into the bowels of the belly.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 18:8. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
43
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
דִּבְרֵ֣י נִ֭רְגָּן כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃
7 word entries
דִּבְרֵ֣י
נִ֭רְגָּן
כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים
וְ֝הֵ֗ם
יָרְד֥וּ
חַדְרֵי
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Ὀκνηροὺς καταβάλλει φόβος, ψυχαὶ δὲ ἀνδρογύνων πεινάσουσιν.
7 word entries
Ὀκνηροὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ὀκνηροὺς
- Transliteration
- okneroys
- Morphology
- nominative masculine/feminine singular or accusative plural pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
καταβάλλει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- καταβάλλει
- Transliteration
- kataballei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
φόβος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- φόβος
- Transliteration
- phobos
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- fear, reverence
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Fear, awe, or reverence.
- Occurrences
- 75
ψυχαὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ψυχαὶ
- Transliteration
- psychai
- Morphology
- nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/verb form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 28
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
ἀνδρογύνων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἀνδρογύνων
- Transliteration
- androgynon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
πεινάσουσιν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πεινάσουσιν
- Transliteration
- peinasoysin
- Morphology
- verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡ̈ܠܘܗܝ ܕܚܒܢܢܐ ܪ̈ܡܝܢ ܠܗ ܒܒܝܫܬܐ ܘܗ̈ܢܝܢ ܡܚ̈ܬܢ ܠܗ ܠܬܘ̈ܢܐ ܕܫܝܘܠ
10 word entries
ܡ̈ܠܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܠܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- mlwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 45
ܕܚܒܢܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܒܢܢܐ
- Transliteration
- dhbnn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܪ̈ܡܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܡܝܢ
- Transliteration
- rmyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 12
ܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗ
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 2252
ܒܒܝܫܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܒܝܫܬܐ
- Transliteration
- bbysht'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 13
ܘܗ̈ܢܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܢܝܢ
- Transliteration
- whnyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 10
ܡܚ̈ܬܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܚܬܢ
- Transliteration
- mhtn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗ
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 2252
ܠܬܘ̈ܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܬܘܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ltwn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܕܫܝܘܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܫܝܘܠ
- Transliteration
- dshywl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 12
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
מִלוֹי דְשִׁגוּשָׁא מַרְכְנָן לֵיהּ וּמָחֲתָן לֵיהּ לְעוֹמֶק דִשְׁיוֹל׃
8 word entries
מִלוֹי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לוי
- Transliteration
- mlwy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 48
דְשִׁגוּשָׁא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שגושא
- Transliteration
- dshgwsh'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 6
מַרְכְנָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רכנן
- Transliteration
- mrknn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
לֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ליה
- Transliteration
- lyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1154
וּמָחֲתָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מחתן
- Transliteration
- wmchtn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
לֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ליה
- Transliteration
- lyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1154
לְעוֹמֶק
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עומק
- Transliteration
- l'wmq
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
דִשְׁיוֹל׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שיול
- Transliteration
- dshywl
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 24
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Verba bilinguis quasi simplicia, et ipsa perveniunt usque ad interiora ventris. Pigrum dejicit timor; animæ autem effeminatorum esurient.
11 word entries
verba
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uerbum
- Transliteration
- verba
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1162
bilinguis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- bilinguis
- Transliteration
- bilinguis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 6
quasi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quasi
- Transliteration
- quasi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 989
simplicia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- simplex
- Transliteration
- simplicia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 24
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
ipsa
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ipse
- Transliteration
- ipsa
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2134
perveniunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- peruenio
- Transliteration
- perveniunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 84
usque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- usque
- Transliteration
- usque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1221
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
interiora
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- interior
- Transliteration
- interiora
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 41
ventris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uenter
- Transliteration
- ventris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 74
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Proverbs 16:28
A frowarde person soweth strife: and a tale teller maketh diuision among princes.
7 relevance votesLeviticus 19:16
Thou shalt not walke about with tales among thy people. Thou shalt not stand against the blood of thy neighbour: I am the Lord.
7 relevance votesProverbs 12:18
There is that speaketh wordes like the prickings of a sworde: but the tongue of wise men is health.
7 relevance votesPsalms 52:2
Thy tongue imagineth mischiefe, and is like a sharpe rasor, that cutteth deceitfully.
3 relevance votes