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Geneva Bible

Proverbs 16

Geneva Bible, Verse 16

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¹⁶ Howe much better is it to get wisedome then golde? and to get vnderstanding, is more to be desired then siluer.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 16:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 59

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

קְֽנֹה־חָכְמָ֗ה מַה־טּ֥וֹב מֵחָר֑וּץ וּקְנ֥וֹת בִּ֝ינָ֗ה נִבְחָ֥ר מִכָּֽסֶף׃

9 word entries

קְֽנֹה

Lemma: 7069
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7069
Occurrences: 61

חָכְמָ֗ה

Lemma: 2451
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2451
Occurrences: 102

מַה

Lemma: 4100
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H4100
Occurrences: 449

טּ֥וֹב

Lemma: 2896 a
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2896
Occurrences: 278

מֵחָר֑וּץ

Lemma: m/2742 d
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H2742
Occurrences: 3

וּקְנ֥וֹת

Lemma: c/7069
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7069
Occurrences: 11

בִּ֝ינָ֗ה

Lemma: 998
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H998
Occurrences: 25

נִבְחָ֥ר

Lemma: 977
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H977
Occurrences: 138

מִכָּֽסֶף

Lemma: m/3701
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3701
Occurrences: 6

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Νοσσιαὶ σοφίας αἱρετώτεραι χρυσίου, νοσσιαὶ δὲ φρονήσεως αἱρετώτεραι ὑπὲρ ἀργύριον.

10 word entries

Νοσσιαὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: νοσσιαὶ
Transliteration: nossiai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

σοφίας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σοφία
Transliteration: sophia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: wisdom
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Wisdom, skill, or insight.
Occurrences: 204

αἱρετώτεραι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: αἱρετώτεραι
Transliteration: airetoterai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

χρυσίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: χρυσίον
Transliteration: chrysion
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: gold
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Gold.
Occurrences: 279

νοσσιαὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: νοσσιαὶ
Transliteration: nossiai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

φρονήσεως

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φρονήσεως
Transliteration: phroneseos
Morphology: adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...ly / having ...
Part of Speech: adverb/participle form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

αἱρετώτεραι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: αἱρετώτεραι
Transliteration: airetoterai
Morphology: nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ὑπὲρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὑπέρ
Transliteration: hyper
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: over, above, on behalf of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition used with genitive or accusative.
Occurrences: 395

ἀργύριον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀργύριον
Transliteration: argyrion
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: silver, money
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Silver or money.
Occurrences: 341

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܕܩܢܐ ܚܟܡܬܐ ܛܒܐ ܗܝ ܠܗ ܡܢ ܕܗܒܐ ܘܕܩܢܐ ܣܘܟܠܐ ܡܝܬܪ ܗܘ ܠܗ ܡܢ ܣܐܡܐ

14 word entries

ܕܩܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܩܢܐ
Transliteration: dqn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 5

ܚܟܡܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܟܡܬܐ
Transliteration: hkmt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 113

ܛܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܒܐ
Transliteration: tb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 113

ܗܝ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܝ
Transliteration: hi
Morphology: pronoun/copula, feminine singular
Gloss: she, it, is
Occurrences: 578

ܠܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܗ
Transliteration: lh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 2252

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܕܗܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܗܒܐ
Transliteration: dhb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 98

ܘܕܩܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܕܩܢܐ
Transliteration: wdqn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܣܘܟܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܘܟܠܐ
Transliteration: swkl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 26

ܡܝܬܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܝܬܪ
Transliteration: mytr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5

ܗܘ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘ
Transliteration: hu
Morphology: pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss: he, it, is
Occurrences: 2003

ܠܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܗ
Transliteration: lh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 2252

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܣܐܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܐܡܐ
Transliteration: s'm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 30

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

דְקָנֵי חָכְמְתָא טָבָא לֵיהּ מִן דַהֲבָא סְנִינָא וּדְקָנֵי בְיוּנָא טָב מִן סַנְיָא גַבְיָא׃

13 word entries

דְקָנֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קני
Transliteration: dqny
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 21

חָכְמְתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חכמתא
Transliteration: chkmt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 56

טָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טבא
Transliteration: tb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 128

לֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליה
Transliteration: lyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1154

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

דַהֲבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הבא
Transliteration: dhb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 103

סְנִינָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סנינא
Transliteration: snyn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 17

וּדְקָנֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דקני
Transliteration: wdqny
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

בְיוּנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יונא
Transliteration: bywn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 10

טָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טב
Transliteration: tb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

סַנְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סניא
Transliteration: sny'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 5

גַבְיָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גביא
Transliteration: gby'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 3

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

[Posside sapientiam, quia auro melior est, et acquire prudentiam, quia pretiosior est argento.

13 word entries

posside

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: possideo
Transliteration: posside
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 196

sapientiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sapientia
Transliteration: sapientiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 345

quia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quia
Transliteration: quia
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 2543

auro

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aurum
Transliteration: auro
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 314

melior

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bonus
Transliteration: melior
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 847

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

adquire

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: acquiro
Transliteration: adquire
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 16

prudentiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: prudentia
Transliteration: prudentiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 61

quia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quia
Transliteration: quia
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 2543

pretiosior

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pretiosus
Transliteration: pretiosior
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 73

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

argento

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: argentum
Transliteration: argento
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 255

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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