22 Lying lips are an abomination to Jehovah; but they that deal truly are his delight.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 12:22. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
44
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה שִׂפְתֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר וְעֹשֵׂ֖י אֱמוּנָ֣ה רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃
7 word entries
תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת
שִׂפְתֵי
שָׁ֑קֶר
וְעֹשֵׂ֖י
אֱמוּנָ֣ה
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Βδέλυγμα Κυρίῳ χείλη ψευδῆ, ὁ δὲ ποιῶν πίστεις δεκτὸς παρʼ αὐτῷ.
11 word entries
Βδέλυγμα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- βδέλυγμα
- Transliteration
- bdelygma
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- abomination, detestable thing
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Abomination, detestable thing, or object of disgust.
- Occurrences
- 50
Κυρίῳ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κύριος
- Transliteration
- kyrios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- Lord, master
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
- Occurrences
- 7934
χείλη
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- χεῖλος
- Transliteration
- cheile
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
- Gloss
- lips
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lip, edge, or shore.
- Occurrences
- 117
ψευδῆ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ψευδής
- Transliteration
- pseude
- Morphology
- adjective, accusative masculine/feminine singular or neuter nominative/accusative plural
- Gloss
- false, lying
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Definition
- False, lying, deceitful.
- Occurrences
- 51
ὁ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
ποιῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ποιέω
- Transliteration
- poion
- Morphology
- present active participle, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- doing, making
- Part of Speech
- participle
- Definition
- To make, do, perform, or produce.
- Occurrences
- 2253
πίστεις
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πίστεις
- Transliteration
- pisteis
- Morphology
- Greek -εις form; likely verb 2nd singular or plural noun/adjective depending on context
- Gloss
- form requires context
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
δεκτὸς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- δεκτὸς
- Transliteration
- dektos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
παρʼ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- παρά
- Transliteration
- par
- Morphology
- preposition, elided form
- Gloss
- from, beside, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided form of παρά.
- Occurrences
- 776
αὐτῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܣ̈ܦܘܬܐ ܕܓ̈ܠܬܐ ܡܣܠܐ ܡܪܝܐ ܘܨܒܐ ܒܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܥܒܕܝܢ ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ
8 word entries
ܣ̈ܦܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܦܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- spwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 11
ܕܓ̈ܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܓܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dglt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 13
ܡܣܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܣܠܐ
- Transliteration
- msl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 9
ܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܡܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- maryah
- Morphology
- divine title, emphatic form
- Gloss
- Lord
- Occurrences
- 2917
ܘܨܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܨܒܐ
- Transliteration
- wsb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 12
ܒܐܝܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܐܝܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- b'ylyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 8
ܕܥܒܕܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܒܕܝܢ
- Transliteration
- d'bdyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 30
ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- hymnwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 13
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
מְרַחֲקָתֵיהּ דֶאֱלָהָא סִפְוָתֵי דְשִׁקְרָא וּבְאִלֵין דְעָבְדִין הֵימָנוּתָא מִתְרְעֵי׃
8 word entries
מְרַחֲקָתֵיהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רחקתיה
- Transliteration
- mrchqtyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 10
דֶאֱלָהָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- אלה
- Transliteration
- d'lh'
- Morphology
- prefixed relative/genitive ד + noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- of/that God
- Occurrences
- 779
סִפְוָתֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ספותי
- Transliteration
- spwty
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 18
דְשִׁקְרָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שקרא
- Transliteration
- dshqr'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 195
וּבְאִלֵין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- באלין
- Transliteration
- wb'lyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
דְעָבְדִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עבדין
- Transliteration
- d'bdyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 117
הֵימָנוּתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הימנותא
- Transliteration
- hymnwt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 28
מִתְרְעֵי׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תרעי
- Transliteration
- mtr'y
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 39
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Abominatio est Domino labia mendacia; qui autem fideliter agunt placent ei.
10 word entries
abominatio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- abominatio
- Transliteration
- abominatio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 97
Domino
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Domino
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
labia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- labium
- Transliteration
- labia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 109
mendacia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mendacium
- Transliteration
- mendacia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 105
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
fideliter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fideliter
- Transliteration
- fideliter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 10
agunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ago
- Transliteration
- agunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 366
placent
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- placeo
- Transliteration
- placent
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 232
ei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- ei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Psalms 5:6
Thou wilt destroy them that speak lies: Jehovah abhorreth a man of blood and deceit.
16 relevance votesProverbs 11:20
The perverse in heart are abomination to Jehovah; but they that are perfect in [their] way are his delight.
15 relevance votesRevelation 22:15
Without [are] the dogs, and the sorcerers, and the fornicators, and the murderers, and the idolaters, and every one that loves and makes a lie.
15 relevance votesJeremiah 9:24
but let him that glorieth glory in this, that he understandeth and knoweth me, that I [am] Jehovah, who exercise loving-kindness, judgment, and righteousness in the earth; for in these things I delight, saith Jehovah.
11 relevance votesIsaiah 9:15
the ancient and honourable, he is the head; and the prophet that teacheth lies, he is the tail.
8 relevance votesProverbs 11:1
A false balance is an abomination to Jehovah; but a just weight is his delight.
8 relevance votesEzekiel 13:22
Because with falsehood ye have grieved the heart of the righteous, whom I have not made sad; and have strengthened the hands of the wicked, that he should not return from his wicked way, to save his life:
6 relevance votesProverbs 15:8
The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to Jehovah; but the prayer of the upright is his delight.
6 relevance votesEzekiel 13:19
And will ye profane me among my people for handfuls of barley and for morsels of bread, to slay the souls that should not die, and to save the souls alive that should not live, by your lying to my people that listen to lying?
4 relevance votesRevelation 21:8
But to the fearful and unbelieving, [and sinners], and those who make themselves abominable, and murderers, and fornicators, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, their part [is] in the lake which burns with fire and brimstone; which is the second death.
2 relevance votes