29 And, as Isaiah had said before, If the Lord of armies had not given us a seed, we would have been like Sodom and Gomorrah.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 9:29. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
79
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καὶ καθὼς προείρηκεν Ἠσαΐας, Εἰ μὴ Κύριος Σαβαὼθ ἐγκατέλιπεν ἡμῖν σπέρμα, ὡς Σόδομα ἂν ἐγενήθημεν, καὶ ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν.
20 word entries
Καὶ
καθὼς
προείρηκεν
- Lemma
- proeirhken
- Transliteration
- proeirhken
- Morphology
- Greek: verb perfect active indicative singular
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4302
- Occurrences
- 1
Ἠσαΐας
Εἰ
μὴ
Κύριος
Σαβαὼθ
ἐγκατέλιπεν
- Lemma
- egkatelipen
- Transliteration
- egkatelipen
- Morphology
- Greek: verb second aorist active indicative singular
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1459
- Occurrences
- 2
ἡμῖν
σπέρμα
ὡς
Σόδομα
ἂν
ἐγενήθημεν
- Lemma
- egenhqhmen
- Transliteration
- egenhqhmen
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist passive deponent indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G1096
- Occurrences
- 7
καὶ
ὡς
Γόμορρα
ἂν
ὡμοιώθημεν
- Lemma
- wmoiwqhmen
- Transliteration
- wmoiwqhmen
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist passive indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3666
- Occurrences
- 1
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
καὶ καθὼς προείρηκεν Ἡσαΐας· εἰ μὴ κύριος Σαβαὼθ ἐνκατέλιπεν ἡμῖν σπέρμα, ὡς Σόδομα ἂν ἐγενήθημεν καὶ ὡς Γόμορρα ἂν ὡμοιώθημεν.
20 word entries
καὶ
ἐνκατέλιπεν
- Lemma
- ἐγκαταλείπω
- Morphology
- V-2AAI-3S
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G1459
- Occurrences
- 10
καὶ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܝܟ ܡܕܡ ܕܩܕܡ ܐܡܪ ܗܘ ܐܫܥܝܐ ܕܐܠܘ ܠܐ ܡܪܝܐ ܨܒܐܘܬ ܐܘܬܪ ܠܢ ܣܪܝܕܐ ܐܝܟ ܣܕܘܡ ܗܘܝܢ ܗܘܝܢ ܘܠܥܡܘܪܐ ܡܬܕܡܝܢ ܗܘܝܢ
20 word entries
ܘܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- w'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 38
ܡܕܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܕܡ
- Transliteration
- mdm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 403
ܕܩܕܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܩܕܡ
- Transliteration
- dqdm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 25
ܐܡܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪ
- Transliteration
- emar
- Morphology
- verb root/form
- Gloss
- said, spoke
- Occurrences
- 885
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܐܫܥܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܫܥܝܐ
- Transliteration
- 'sh'y'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 15
ܕܐܠܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܠܘ
- Transliteration
- d'lw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܡܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܡܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- maryah
- Morphology
- divine title, emphatic form
- Gloss
- Lord
- Occurrences
- 101
ܨܒܐܘܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܨܒܐܘܬ
- Transliteration
- sb'wt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 2
ܐܘܬܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܘܬܪ
- Transliteration
- 'wtr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܢ
- Transliteration
- ln
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 263
ܣܪܝܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܪܝܕܐ
- Transliteration
- sryd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- 'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 681
ܣܕܘܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܕܘܡ
- Transliteration
- sdwm
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܗܘܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hwyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 85
ܗܘܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hwyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 85
ܘܠܥܡܘܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܥܡܘܪܐ
- Transliteration
- wl'mwr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܡܬܕܡܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܬܕܡܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mtdmyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 3
ܗܘܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hwyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 85
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
et sicut prædixit Isaias: Nisi Dominus Sabaoth reliquisset nobis semen, sicut Sodoma facti essemus, et sicut Gomorrha similes fuissemus.
19 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
sicut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sicut
- Transliteration
- sicut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1559
praedixit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praedico
- Transliteration
- praedixit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 151
Esaias
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Esaias
- Transliteration
- Esaias
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 51
nisi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nisi
- Transliteration
- nisi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 265
Dominus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Dominus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
Sabaoth
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Sabaoth
- Transliteration
- Sabaoth
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 3
reliquisset
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- relinquo
- Transliteration
- reliquisset
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 267
nobis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nos
- Transliteration
- nobis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1585
semen
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- semen
- Transliteration
- semen
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 287
sicut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sicut
- Transliteration
- sicut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1559
Sodoma
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Sodoma
- Transliteration
- Sodoma
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 44
facti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- facio
- Transliteration
- facti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 4719
essemus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- essemus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
sicut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sicut
- Transliteration
- sicut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1559
Gomorra
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Gomorrha
- Transliteration
- Gomorra
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 21
similes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- similis
- Transliteration
- similes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 199
fuissemus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- fuissemus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Isaiah 1:9
If the Lord of armies had not kept some at least of us safe, we would have been like Sodom, and the fate of Gomorrah would have been ours.
21 relevance votesIsaiah 13:19
And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beautiful town which is the pride of the Chaldaeans, will be like God's destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah.
7 relevance votesAmos 4:11
And I have sent destruction among you, as when God sent destruction on Sodom and Gomorrah, and you were like a burning stick pulled out of the fire: and still you have not come back to me, says the Lord.
6 relevance votesJames 5:4
See, the money which you falsely kept back from the workers cutting the grass in your field, is crying out against you; and the cries of those who took in your grain have come to the ears of the Lord of armies.
6 relevance votesJeremiah 50:40
As when Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighbouring towns were overturned by God, says the Lord, so no man will be living in it, and no son of man will have a resting-place there.
5 relevance votesJeremiah 49:18
As at the downfall of Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighbouring towns, says the Lord, no man will be living in it, no son of man will have a resting-place there.
5 relevance votesJude 1:7
Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the towns near them, having like these, given themselves up to unclean desires and gone after strange flesh, have been made an example, undergoing the punishment of eternal fire.
4 relevance votes2 Peter 2:6
And sent destruction on Sodom and Gomorrah, burning them up with fire as an example to those whose way of life might in the future be unpleasing to him;
4 relevance votesDeuteronomy 29:23
And that all the land is a salt and smoking waste, not planted or giving fruit or clothed with grass, but wasted like Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, on which the Lord sent destruction in the heat of his wrath:
4 relevance votesIsaiah 6:13
And even if there is still a tenth part in it, it will again be burned, like a tree of the woods whose broken end is still in the earth after the tree has been cut down (the holy seed is the broken end).
2 relevance votesLamentations 3:22
It is through the Lord's love that we have not come to destruction, because his mercies have no limit.
2 relevance votesZephaniah 2:6
And the land by the sea will be grass-land, with houses for keepers of sheep and walled places for flocks.
2 relevance votes