5 A true witness does not say what is false, but a false witness is breathing out deceit.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 14:5. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
43
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
עֵ֣ד אֱ֭מוּנִים לֹ֣א יְכַזֵּ֑ב וְיָפִ֥יחַ כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר׃
8 word entries
עֵ֣ד
אֱ֭מוּנִים
יְכַזֵּ֑ב
וְיָפִ֥יחַ
כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים
עֵ֣ד
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Μάρτυς πιστὸς οὐ ψεύδεται, ἐκκαίει δὲ ψευδῆ μάρτυς ἄδικος.
9 word entries
Μάρτυς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μάρτυς
- Transliteration
- martys
- Morphology
- nominative masculine/feminine singular or accusative plural pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 35
πιστὸς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πιστὸς
- Transliteration
- pistos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 20
οὐ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- οὐ
- Transliteration
- ou
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Part of Speech
- particle
- Definition
- Negative particle before rough breathing.
- Occurrences
- 5892
ψεύδεται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ψεύδεται
- Transliteration
- pseydetai
- Morphology
- verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ἐκκαίει
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐκκαίει
- Transliteration
- ekkaiei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
ψευδῆ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ψευδής
- Transliteration
- pseude
- Morphology
- adjective, accusative masculine/feminine singular or neuter nominative/accusative plural
- Gloss
- false, lying
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Definition
- False, lying, deceitful.
- Occurrences
- 51
μάρτυς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μάρτυς
- Transliteration
- martys
- Morphology
- nominative masculine/feminine singular or accusative plural pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 35
ἄδικος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἄδικος
- Transliteration
- adikos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 14
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܣܗܕܐ ܡܗܝܡܢܐ ܠܐ ܡܬܟܕܒ ܘܕܡܡܠܠ ܟܕܒܘܬܐ ܣܗܕܐ ܗܘ ܕܓܠܐ
9 word entries
ܣܗܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܗܕܐ
- Transliteration
- shd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 23
ܡܗܝܡܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܗܝܡܢܐ
- Transliteration
- mhymn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 36
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 2566
ܡܬܟܕܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܬܟܕܒ
- Transliteration
- mtkdb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܕܡܡܠܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܡܡܠܠ
- Transliteration
- wdmmll
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
ܟܕܒܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܕܒܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- kdbwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 10
ܣܗܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܗܕܐ
- Transliteration
- shd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 23
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 2003
ܕܓܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܓܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dgl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 55
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
סָהֲדָא מְהֵימְנָא לָא מְכַזֵב וְדִמְמַלֵל כַּדְבוּתָא סַהֲדָא רִגְלָא הוּא׃
9 word entries
סָהֲדָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סהדא
- Transliteration
- shd'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 10
מְהֵימְנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הימנא
- Transliteration
- mhymn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 8
לָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- לא
- Transliteration
- l'
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 2611
מְכַזֵב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כזב
- Transliteration
- mkzb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
וְדִמְמַלֵל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דממלל
- Transliteration
- wdmmll
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
כַּדְבוּתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דבותא
- Transliteration
- kdbwt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 10
סַהֲדָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סהדא
- Transliteration
- shd'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 10
רִגְלָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רגלא
- Transliteration
- rgl'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 13
הוּא׃
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- הוא
- Transliteration
- hw'
- Morphology
- personal/demonstrative pronoun
- Gloss
- he, it
- Occurrences
- 992
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Testis fidelis non mentitur; profert autem mendacium dolosus testis.
8 word entries
testis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- testis
- Transliteration
- testis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 97
fidelis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fidelis
- Transliteration
- fidelis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 132
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
mentietur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mentior
- Transliteration
- mentietur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 42
profert
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- profero
- Transliteration
- profert
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 63
mendacium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mendacium
- Transliteration
- mendacium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 105
testis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- testis
- Transliteration
- testis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 97
dolosus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dolosus
- Transliteration
- dolosus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 24
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Proverbs 19:5
A false witness will not go without punishment, and the breather out of deceit will not go free.
7 relevance votesProverbs 6:19
A false witness, breathing out untrue words, and one who lets loose violent acts among brothers.
7 relevance votesExodus 23:1
Do not let a false statement go further; do not make an agreement with evil-doers to be a false witness.
7 relevance votesProverbs 12:17
The breathing out of true words gives knowledge of righteousness; but a false witness gives out deceit.
5 relevance votesProverbs 14:25
A true witness is the saviour of lives; but he who says false things is a cause of deceit.
4 relevance votesProverbs 19:9
A false witness will not go without punishment, and the breather out of deceit will be cut off.
3 relevance votesProverbs 13:5
The upright man is a hater of false words: the evil-doer gets a bad name and is put to shame.
3 relevance votesExodus 20:16
Do not give false witness against your neighbour.
2 relevance votes1 Kings 21:13
And the two good-for-nothing persons came in and took their seats before him and gave witness against Naboth, in front of the people, saying, Naboth has been cursing God and the king. Then they took him outside the town and had him stoned to death.
2 relevance votes