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Bible in Basic English

Job 3

Bible in Basic English, Verse 16

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¹⁶ Or as a child dead at birth I might never have come into existence; like young children who have not seen the light.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 3:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 61

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

א֤וֹ כְנֵ֣פֶל טָ֭מוּן לֹ֣א אֶהְיֶ֑ה כְּ֝עֹלְלִ֗ים לֹא־רָ֥אוּ אֽוֹר׃

9 word entries

א֤וֹ

Lemma: 176 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H176
Occurrences: 320

כְנֵ֣פֶל

Lemma: k/5309
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5309
Occurrences: 1

טָ֭מוּן

Lemma: 2934
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle passive
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2934
Occurrences: 18

לֹ֣א

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

אֶהְיֶ֑ה

Lemma: 1961
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1961
Occurrences: 1660

כְּ֝עֹלְלִ֗ים

Lemma: k/5768
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5768
Occurrences: 1

לֹא

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

רָ֥אוּ

Lemma: 7200
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7200
Occurrences: 675

אֽוֹר

Lemma: 216
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H216
Occurrences: 66

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἢ ὥσπερ ἔκτρωμα ἐκπορευόμενον ἐκ μήτρας μητρὸς, ἢ ὥσπερ νήπιοι, οἳ οὐκ εἶδον φῶς·

14 word entries

Ἢ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἤ
Transliteration: e
Morphology: disjunctive/comparative particle
Gloss: or, than
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Disjunctive or comparative particle.
Occurrences: 931

ὥσπερ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὥσπερ
Transliteration: hosper
Morphology: comparative conjunction/adverb
Gloss: just as, as
Part of Speech: conjunction/adverb
Definition: Comparative conjunction/adverb.
Occurrences: 236

ἔκτρωμα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἔκτρωμα
Transliteration: ektroma
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἐκπορευόμενον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐκπορευόμενον
Transliteration: ekporeyomenon
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

ἐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκ
Transliteration: ek
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, out of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
Occurrences: 3500

μήτρας

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μήτρας
Transliteration: metras
Morphology: accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 9

μητρὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μήτηρ
Transliteration: meter
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: mother
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Mother.
Occurrences: 216

ἢ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἤ
Transliteration: e
Morphology: disjunctive/comparative particle
Gloss: or, than
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Disjunctive or comparative particle.
Occurrences: 931

ὥσπερ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὥσπερ
Transliteration: hosper
Morphology: comparative conjunction/adverb
Gloss: just as, as
Part of Speech: conjunction/adverb
Definition: Comparative conjunction/adverb.
Occurrences: 236

νήπιοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: νήπιοι
Transliteration: nepioi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

οἳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hoi
Morphology: relative pronoun, nominative masculine plural
Gloss: who, which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

οὐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

εἶδον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁράω
Transliteration: eidon
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 1st singular or 3rd plural
Gloss: I/they saw
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To see, perceive, or look at.
Occurrences: 768

φῶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: φῶς
Transliteration: phos
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: light
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Light.
Occurrences: 113

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܘ ܐܝܟ ܝܚ̈ܛܐ ܛܡܝܪ̈ܐ ܐܝܟܘ ܠܐ ܗܘܝܬ ܘܐܝܟ ܥܘ̣̈ܠܐ ܕܠܐ ܚܙܘ ܢܘܗܪܐ

12 word entries

ܐܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܘ
Transliteration: 'w
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 396

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܝܚ̈ܛܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܚܛܐ
Transliteration: yht'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 2

ܛܡܝܪ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܡܝܪܐ
Transliteration: tmyr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 1

ܐܝܟܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟܘ
Transliteration: 'ykw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 32

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܠܐ
Transliteration: la
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2566

ܗܘܝܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܘܝܬ
Transliteration: hwyt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 234

ܘܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܝܟ
Transliteration: w'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 326

ܥܘ̣̈ܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܘܠܐ
Transliteration: 'wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 232

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܐ
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1157

ܚܙܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܙܘ
Transliteration: hzw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 80

ܢܘܗܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܘܗܪܐ
Transliteration: nwhr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 67

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אוֹ הֵיךְ נפְלָא דִטְמִיעַ בְּמַעְיָנָא לֵית אֶפְשַׁר דֶאֱהִי הֵיךְ טַלְיָא דְלָא חֲמוֹן נְהוֹר אוֹרַיְתָא׃

14 word entries

אוֹ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: או
Transliteration: 'w
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 70

הֵיךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: היך
Transliteration: hyk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 459

נפְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נפלא
Transliteration: npl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 7

דִטְמִיעַ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טמיע
Transliteration: dtmy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

בְּמַעְיָנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מעינא
Transliteration: bm'yn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 3

לֵית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לית
Transliteration: lyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 629

אֶפְשַׁר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אפשר
Transliteration: 'pshr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 85

דֶאֱהִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אהי
Transliteration: d'hy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 19

הֵיךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: היך
Transliteration: hyk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 459

טַלְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טליא
Transliteration: tly'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 18

דְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דלא
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 607

חֲמוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חמון
Transliteration: chmwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 33

נְהוֹר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נהור
Transliteration: nhwr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 38

אוֹרַיְתָא׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אוריתא
Transliteration: 'wryt'
Morphology: noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss: law, Torah
Occurrences: 299

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

aut sicut abortivum absconditum non subsisterem, vel qui concepti non viderunt lucem.

12 word entries

aut

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aut
Transliteration: aut
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 509

sicut

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sicut
Transliteration: sicut
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 1559

abortivum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: abortiuus
Transliteration: abortivum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 5

absconditum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: absconditus
Transliteration: absconditum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 87

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

subsisterem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: subsisto
Transliteration: subsisterem
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 21

vel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uel
Transliteration: vel
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 195

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

concepti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: concipio
Transliteration: concepti
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 71

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

viderunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uideo
Transliteration: viderunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1988

lucem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lux
Transliteration: lucem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 154

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Ranked cross references

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Ecclesiastes 6:3

1 Corinthians 15:8