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Bible in Basic English

Job 32

Bible in Basic English, Verse 1

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¹ So these three men gave no more answers to Job, because he seemed to himself to be right.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 32:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 63

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַֽיִּשְׁבְּת֡וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָ֭אֵלֶּה מֵעֲנ֣וֹת אֶת־אִיּ֑וֹב כִּ֤י ה֖וּא צַדִּ֣יק בְּעֵינָֽיו׃ פ

11 word entries

וַֽיִּשְׁבְּת֡וּ

Lemma: c/7673 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7673
Occurrences: 32

שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת

Lemma: 7969
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7969
Occurrences: 309

הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים

Lemma: d/376
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H376
Occurrences: 288

הָ֭אֵלֶּה

Lemma: d/428
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + pronoun
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H428
Occurrences: 276

מֵעֲנ֣וֹת

Lemma: m/6030 b
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6030
Occurrences: 1

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

אִיּ֑וֹב

Lemma: 347
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H347
Occurrences: 50

כִּ֤י

Lemma: 3588 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3588
Occurrences: 4218

ה֖וּא

Lemma: 1931
Morphology: Hebrew: pronoun
Part of Speech: pronoun
Strong's: H1931
Occurrences: 1188

צַדִּ֣יק

Lemma: 6662
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6662
Occurrences: 160

בְּעֵינָֽיו

Lemma: b/5869 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5869
Occurrences: 324

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἡσύχασαν δὲ καὶ οἱ τρεῖς φίλοι αὐτοῦ ἔτι ἀντειπεῖν Ἰὼβ, ἦν γὰρ Ἰὼβ δίκαιος ἐναντίον αὐτῶν.

16 word entries

Ἡσύχασαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἡσύχασαν
Transliteration: esychasan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

δὲ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

τρεῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τρεῖς
Transliteration: treis
Morphology: numeral, nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural
Gloss: three
Part of Speech: numeral
Definition: Three.
Occurrences: 299

φίλοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φίλοι
Transliteration: philoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 30

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἔτι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔτι
Transliteration: eti
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: still, yet, again
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Still, yet, further.
Occurrences: 520

ἀντειπεῖν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀντειπεῖν
Transliteration: anteipein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Ἰὼβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰώβ
Transliteration: Iob
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Job
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Job, biblical personal name.
Occurrences: 63

ἦν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: en
Morphology: verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it was
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

γὰρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γάρ
Transliteration: gar
Morphology: postpositive explanatory conjunction
Gloss: for, because
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Explanatory or causal conjunction.
Occurrences: 1390

Ἰὼβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰώβ
Transliteration: Iob
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Job
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Job, biblical personal name.
Occurrences: 63

δίκαιος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίκαιος
Transliteration: dikaios
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: righteous, just
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Righteous, just, upright.
Occurrences: 227

ἐναντίον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐναντίον
Transliteration: enantion
Morphology: preposition/adverb
Gloss: before, opposite, against
Part of Speech: preposition/adverb
Definition: Before, opposite, in the presence of, or against.
Occurrences: 414

αὐτῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܫܠܝܘ ܗܠܝܢ ܬܠܬܐ ܓܒܪ̈ܝܢ ܕܒܥܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܠܡܚܝܒܘܬܗ ܠܐܝܘܒ ܡܛܠ ܕܗܘ ܗܘܐ ܙܕܝܩ ܒܥܝܢ̈ܝܗܘܢ

13 word entries

ܘܫܠܝܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܫܠܝܘ
Transliteration: wshlyw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܗܠܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܠܝܢ
Transliteration: hlyn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 840

ܬܠܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܠܬܐ
Transliteration: tlt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 126

ܓܒܪ̈ܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܒܪܝܢ
Transliteration: gbryn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
Occurrences: 132

ܕܒܥܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܒܥܝܢ
Transliteration: db'yn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 33

ܗܘܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܘܘ
Transliteration: hww
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1064

ܠܡܚܝܒܘܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܚܝܒܘܬܗ
Transliteration: lmhybwth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܠܐܝܘܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܐܝܘܒ
Transliteration: l'ywb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 9

ܡܛܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܛܠ
Transliteration: mtl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2606

ܕܗܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܗܘ
Transliteration: dhw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 90

ܗܘܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘܐ
Transliteration: hwa
Morphology: verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss: was, became
Occurrences: 1800

ܙܕܝܩ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܙܕܝܩ
Transliteration: zdyq
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 11

ܒܥܝܢ̈ܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: b'ynyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 11

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּפְסַקוּ תְּלָתָא גַבְרַיָא הָאִלֵין מִלְאֲתָבָא יַת אִיוֹב מְטוּל דְהוּא זַכֵּי בְעֵינוֹי׃

11 word entries

וּפְסַקוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פסקו
Transliteration: wpsqw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 24

תְּלָתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תלתא
Transliteration: tlt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 158

גַבְרַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גבריא
Transliteration: gbry'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 191

הָאִלֵין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: האלין
Transliteration: h'lyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 171

מִלְאֲתָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לאתבא
Transliteration: ml'tb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 2

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

אִיוֹב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איוב
Transliteration: 'ywb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 58

מְטוּל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טול
Transliteration: mtwl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 322

דְהוּא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: הוא
Transliteration: dhw'
Morphology: prefixed relative/genitive ד + personal/demonstrative pronoun
Gloss: of/that he, it
Occurrences: 992

זַכֵּי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: זכי
Transliteration: zky
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 26

בְעֵינוֹי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עינוי
Transliteration: b'ynwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 39

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Omiserunt autem tres viri isti respondere Job, eo quod justus sibi videretur.

12 word entries

omiserunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omitto
Transliteration: omiserunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 7

autem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: autem
Transliteration: autem
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5069

tres

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tres
Transliteration: tres
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 502

viri

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uir
Transliteration: viri
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1641

isti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iste
Transliteration: isti
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 877

respondere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: respondeo
Transliteration: respondere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 851

Iob

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Iob
Transliteration: Iob
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 59

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: eo
Transliteration: eo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 698

quod

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quod
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 15011

iustus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iustus
Transliteration: iustus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 427

sibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sui
Transliteration: sibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 1317

videretur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uideo
Transliteration: videretur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1988

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Job 32

Source Text Study

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