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Bible in Basic English

Job 30

Bible in Basic English, Verse 19

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¹⁹ Truly God has made me low, even to the earth, and I have become like dust.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Job 30:19. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 50

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

הֹרָ֥נִי לַחֹ֑מֶר וָ֝אֶתְמַשֵּׁ֗ל כֶּעָפָ֥ר וָאֵֽפֶר׃

5 word entries

הֹרָ֥נִי

Lemma: 3384 b
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3384
Occurrences: 46

לַחֹ֑מֶר

Lemma: l/2563 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H2563
Occurrences: 2

וָ֝אֶתְמַשֵּׁ֗ל

Lemma: c/4911 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb hithpael sequential imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4911
Occurrences: 4

כֶּעָפָ֥ר

Lemma: k/6083
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6083
Occurrences: 12

וָאֵֽפֶר

Lemma: c/665
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H665
Occurrences: 7

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἥγησαι δέ με ἴσα πηλῷ, ἐν γῇ καὶ σποδῷ μου ἡ μερίς.

12 word entries

Ἥγησαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἥγησαι
Transliteration: egesai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

δέ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δέ
Transliteration: de
Morphology: postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss: but, and, now
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences: 4634

με

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ἴσα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἴσα
Transliteration: isa
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

πηλῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πηλῷ
Transliteration: pel
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

γῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γῆ
Transliteration: ge
Morphology: noun, feminine dative singular
Gloss: earth, land
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's: G1093
Occurrences: 2962

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

σποδῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σποδῷ
Transliteration: spod
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

μερίς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μερίς
Transliteration: meris
Morphology: nominative singular feminine third-declension pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 63

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܐܕܡܝܘܢܝ ܠܛܝܢܐ ܘܐܬܡܬܠܬ ܐܝܟ ܥܦܪܐ ܘܩܛܡܐ

6 word entries

ܐܕܡܝܘܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܕܡܝܘܢܝ
Transliteration: 'dmywny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1

ܠܛܝܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܛܝܢܐ
Transliteration: ltyn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܘܐܬܡܬܠܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܬܡܬܠܬ
Transliteration: w'tmtlt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܥܦܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܦܪܐ
Transliteration: 'pr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 56

ܘܩܛܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܛܡܐ
Transliteration: wqtm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

אֲשַׁווּ יָתִי לְטִינָא וְאִתְמְתִיל כְּעַפְרָא וּקְטַם׃ ]ת״‎א[ אַקְשׁוּ יָתִי לְאָדָם דְאִתְבְּרָא מִן טִינָא וְאִמְתִיל לְאַבְרָהָם דְאִדְמֵי לַעֲפַר וּקְטַם׃

19 word entries

אֲשַׁווּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אשוו
Transliteration: 'shww
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

יָתִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתי
Transliteration: yty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 381

לְטִינָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טינא
Transliteration: ltyn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 22

וְאִתְמְתִיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתמתיל
Transliteration: w'tmtyl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

כְּעַפְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עפרא
Transliteration: k'pr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 74

וּקְטַם׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קטם
Transliteration: wqtm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

ת״

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ת״
Transliteration: t״
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 49

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: א
Transliteration: '
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 468

אַקְשׁוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקשו
Transliteration: 'qshw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

יָתִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתי
Transliteration: yty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 381

לְאָדָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אדם
Transliteration: l'dm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 115

דְאִתְבְּרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתברא
Transliteration: d'tbr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 5

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

טִינָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טינא
Transliteration: tyn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 22

וְאִמְתִיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אמתיל
Transliteration: w'mtyl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 6

לְאַבְרָהָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אברהם
Transliteration: l'brhm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 77

דְאִדְמֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אדמי
Transliteration: d'dmy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

לַעֲפַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עפר
Transliteration: l'pr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 11

וּקְטַם׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קטם
Transliteration: wqtm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Comparatus sum luto, et assimilatus sum favillæ et cineri.

8 word entries

conparatus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: comparo
Transliteration: conparatus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 28

sum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sum
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

luto

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lutum
Transliteration: luto
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 46

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

adsimilatus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: assimulo
Transliteration: adsimilatus
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 18

favillae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: fauilla
Transliteration: favillae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 10

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

cineri

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cinis
Transliteration: cineri
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 59

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Job 9:31

Then you will have me pushed into the dust, so that I will seem disgusting to my very clothing.

4 relevance votes

Job 42:6

For this cause I give witness that what I said is false, and in sorrow I take my seat in the dust.

3 relevance votes

Psalms 69:14

Take me from the grip of the sticky earth, so that I may not go down into it; let me be lifted up from the deep waters.

3 relevance votes

Genesis 18:27

And Abraham answering said, Truly, I who am only dust, have undertaken to put my thoughts before the Lord:

3 relevance votes

Jeremiah 38:6

So they took Jeremiah and put him into the water-hole of Malchiah, the king's son, in the place of the armed watchmen: and they let Jeremiah down with cords. And in the hole there was no water, but wet earth: and Jeremiah went down into the wet earth.

2 relevance votes

Job 2:8

And he took a broken bit of a pot, and, seated in the dust, was rubbing himself with the sharp edge of it.

1 relevance votes

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