3 And I will make war on you like David, and you will be shut in by earthworks, and I will make towers round you.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 29:3. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
61
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וְחָנִ֥יתִי כַדּ֖וּר עָלָ֑יִךְ וְצַרְתִּ֤י עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ מֻצָּ֔ב וַהֲקִֽימֹתִ֥י עָלַ֖יִךְ מְצֻרֹֽת׃
9 word entries
וְחָנִ֥יתִי
כַדּ֖וּר
עָלָ֑יִךְ
וְצַרְתִּ֤י
עָלַ֨יִךְ֙
מֻצָּ֔ב
וַהֲקִֽימֹתִ֥י
עָלַ֖יִךְ
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ κυκλώσω ὡς Δαυὶδ ἐπὶ σὲ, καὶ βαλῶ περὶ σὲ χάρακα, καὶ θήσω περὶ σὲ πύργους,
16 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
κυκλώσω
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- κυκλώσω
- Transliteration
- kykloso
- Morphology
- future active indicative, 1st singular pattern
- Gloss
- I will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
ὡς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὡς
- Transliteration
- hos
- Morphology
- comparative conjunction/adverb
- Gloss
- as, like, when
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/adverb
- Definition
- Comparative or temporal conjunction/adverb.
- Occurrences
- 1899
Δαυὶδ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Δαυίδ
- Transliteration
- David
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- David
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- David.
- Occurrences
- 1047
ἐπὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- epi
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
σὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- σύ
- Transliteration
- sy
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative second-person singular
- Gloss
- you
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Second-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 12950
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
βαλῶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- βαλῶ
- Transliteration
- balo
- Morphology
- 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
- Gloss
- I ...
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
περὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- περί
- Transliteration
- peri
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- about, concerning, around
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition used with genitive or accusative.
- Occurrences
- 752
σὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- σύ
- Transliteration
- sy
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative second-person singular
- Gloss
- you
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Second-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 12950
χάρακα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- χάρακα
- Transliteration
- charaka
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 11
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
θήσω
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- θήσω
- Transliteration
- theso
- Morphology
- future active indicative, 1st singular pattern
- Gloss
- I will ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 37
περὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- περί
- Transliteration
- peri
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- about, concerning, around
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition used with genitive or accusative.
- Occurrences
- 752
σὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- σύ
- Transliteration
- sy
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative second-person singular
- Gloss
- you
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Second-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 12950
πύργους
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- πύργους
- Transliteration
- pyrgoys
- Morphology
- accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 20
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܫܪܐ ܐܝܟ ܐܣܦܪܐ ܥܠܝܟܝ ܘܐܠܨܟܝ ܒܡܩܒܬܐ ܘܐܩܝܡ ܥܠܝܟܝ ܡܛܪܬܐ
9 word entries
ܘܐܫܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܫܪܐ
- Transliteration
- w'shr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 6
ܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- 'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2051
ܐܣܦܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܣܦܪܐ
- Transliteration
- 'spr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 1
ܥܠܝܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠܝܟܝ
- Transliteration
- 'lyky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 49
ܘܐܠܨܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܠܨܟܝ
- Transliteration
- w'lsky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܡܩܒܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܡܩܒܬܐ
- Transliteration
- bmqbt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܐܩܝܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܩܝܡ
- Transliteration
- w'qym
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 93
ܥܠܝܟܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠܝܟܝ
- Transliteration
- 'lyky
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 49
ܡܛܪܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܪܬܐ
- Transliteration
- mtrt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 46
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וְאַשְׁרֵי עֲלָיִךְ מַשִׁרְיָן וְאַבְנֵי עֲלָיִךְ כַּרְקוֹם וְאֶצְבּוֹר עֲלָיִךְ מְלֵיתָא׃
9 word entries
וְאַשְׁרֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אשרי
- Transliteration
- w'shry
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 48
עֲלָיִךְ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עליך
- Transliteration
- 'lyk
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 15
מַשִׁרְיָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שרין
- Transliteration
- mshryn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 74
וְאַבְנֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אבני
- Transliteration
- w'bny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 29
עֲלָיִךְ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עליך
- Transliteration
- 'lyk
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 15
כַּרְקוֹם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רקום
- Transliteration
- krqwm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 5
וְאֶצְבּוֹר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אצבור
- Transliteration
- w'tsbwr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
עֲלָיִךְ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עליך
- Transliteration
- 'lyk
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 15
מְלֵיתָא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ליתא
- Transliteration
- mlyt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 24
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et circumdabo quasi sphæram in circuitu tuo, et jaciam contra te aggerem, et munimenta ponam in obsidionem tuam.
18 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
circumdabo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- circumdo
- Transliteration
- circumdabo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 111
quasi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quasi
- Transliteration
- quasi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 989
spheram
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sphera
- Transliteration
- spheram
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 4
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
circuitu
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- circuitus
- Transliteration
- circuitu
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 259
tuo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tuus
- Transliteration
- tuo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5615
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
iaciam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iacio
- Transliteration
- iaciam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 30
contra
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- contra
- Transliteration
- contra
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 895
te
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tu
- Transliteration
- te
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4602
aggerem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- agger
- Transliteration
- aggerem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 11
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
munimenta
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- munimentum
- Transliteration
- munimenta
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 4
ponam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pono
- Transliteration
- ponam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 894
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
obsidionem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- obsidio
- Transliteration
- obsidionem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 15
tuam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tuus
- Transliteration
- tuam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5615
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Ezekiel 21:22
At his right hand was the fate of Jerusalem, to give orders for destruction, to send up the war-cry, to put engines of war against the doors, lifting up earthworks, building walls.
3 relevance votes2 Kings 18:17
Then the king of Assyria sent the Tartan and the Rab-saris and the Rab-shakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem, to King Hezekiah, with a strong force. And they went up and came to Jerusalem, and took up their position by the stream of the higher pool, by the highway of the washerman's field.
2 relevance votesMatthew 22:7
But the king was angry; and he sent his armies, and those who had put his servants to death he gave to destruction, burning down their town with fire.
2 relevance votes2 Kings 19:32
For this cause the Lord says about the king of Assyria, He will not come into this town, or send an arrow against it; he will not come before it with arms, or put up an earthwork against it;
2 relevance votes