2 Samuel 20

Bible in Basic English, Verse 20

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²⁰ And Joab, answering her, said, Far, far be it from me to be a cause of death or destruction;

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 20:20. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 57

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיַּ֥עַן יוֹאָ֖ב וַיֹּאמַ֑ר חָלִ֤ילָה חָלִ֙ילָה֙ לִ֔י אִם־אֲבַלַּ֖ע וְאִם־אַשְׁחִֽית׃

10 word entries

וַיַּ֥עַן

Lemma: c/6030 b
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H6030
Occurrences: 174

יוֹאָ֖ב

Lemma: 3097
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3097
Occurrences: 123

וַיֹּאמַ֑ר

Lemma: c/559
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H559
Occurrences: 3026

חָלִ֤ילָה

Lemma: 2486
Morphology: Hebrew: particle + suffix
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H2486
Occurrences: 21

חָלִ֨ילָה֙

Lemma: 2486
Morphology: Hebrew: particle + suffix
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H2486
Occurrences: 21

לִ֔י

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

אִם

Lemma: 518 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H518
Occurrences: 641

אֲבַלַּ֖ע

Lemma: 1104
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1104
Occurrences: 35

וְאִם

Lemma: c/518 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + conjunction
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H518
Occurrences: 279

אַשְׁחִֽית

Lemma: 7843
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7843
Occurrences: 74

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη Ἰωὰβ, καὶ εἶπεν, ἵλεώς μοι ἵλεώς μοι, εἰ καταποντιῶ καὶ εἰ φθερῶ.

14 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἀπεκρίθη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀποκρίνομαι
Transliteration: apekrithe
Morphology: verb, aorist passive/deponent indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it answered
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To answer or respond.
Occurrences: 101

Ἰωὰβ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰωάβ
Transliteration: Ioab
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Joab
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Joab.
Occurrences: 156

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἶπεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it said
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

ἵλεώς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἵλεώς
Transliteration: ileos
Morphology: adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...ly / having ...
Part of Speech: adverb/participle form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

μοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

ἵλεώς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἵλεώς
Transliteration: ileos
Morphology: adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...ly / having ...
Part of Speech: adverb/participle form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

μοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

εἰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰ
Transliteration: ei
Morphology: conditional particle
Gloss: if, whether
Part of Speech: conditional particle
Definition: Conditional particle.
Occurrences: 649

καταποντιῶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: καταποντιῶ
Transliteration: katapontio
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰ
Transliteration: ei
Morphology: conditional particle
Gloss: if, whether
Part of Speech: conditional particle
Definition: Conditional particle.
Occurrences: 649

φθερῶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: φθερῶ
Transliteration: phthero
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܥܢܐ ܝܘܐܒ ܘܐܡܪ ܠܗ̇ ܚܣ ܠܝ ܠܐ ܐܛܒܥ ܘܠܐ ܐܚܒܠ

10 word entries

ܥܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܢܐ
Transliteration: 'n'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 115

ܝܘܐܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܘܐܒ
Transliteration: yw'b
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 83

ܘܐܡܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܡܪ
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1697

ܠܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܗ
Transliteration: lh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 2252

ܚܣ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܣ
Transliteration: hs
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 26

ܠܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܝ
Transliteration: ly
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 865

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܠܐ
Transliteration: la
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2566

ܐܛܒܥ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܛܒܥ
Transliteration: 'tb'
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܐܚܒܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܚܒܠ
Transliteration: 'hbl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְאָתֵיב יוֹאָב וַאֲמַר חַס חַס לִי אִם אֲקַלְקֵל וְאִם אֲחַבֵּל׃

10 word entries

וְאָתֵיב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתיב
Transliteration: w'tyb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 222

יוֹאָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יואב
Transliteration: yw'b
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 144

וַאֲמַר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: w'mr
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss: and said, spoke
Occurrences: 3728

חַס

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חס
Transliteration: chs
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 23

חַס

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חס
Transliteration: chs
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 23

לִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לי
Transliteration: ly
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 595

אִם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אם
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 306

אֲקַלְקֵל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקלקל
Transliteration: 'qlql
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

וְאִם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ואם
Transliteration: w'm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 115

אֲחַבֵּל׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אחבל
Transliteration: 'chbl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Respondensque Joab, ait: Absit, absit hoc a me: non præcipito, neque demolior.

13 word entries

respondensque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: respondeo
Transliteration: respondensque
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 851

{respondensque}

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: que
Transliteration: {respondensque}
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 4392

Ioab

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Ioas
Transliteration: Ioab
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 194

ait

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aio
Transliteration: ait
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1222

absit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: absum
Transliteration: absit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 47

absit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: absum
Transliteration: absit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 47

hoc

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: hic
Transliteration: hoc
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4646

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ab
Transliteration: a
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3693

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

praecipito

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: praecipio
Transliteration: praecipito
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 538

neque

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: neque
Transliteration: neque
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 930

demolior

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: demolior
Transliteration: demolior
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 33

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Proverbs 28:13

He who keeps his sins secret will not do well; but one who is open about them, and gives them up, will get mercy.

2 relevance votes

2 Samuel 23:17

And he said, Far be it from me, O Lord, to do this; how may I take as my drink the life-blood of men who have put their lives in danger? So he would not take it. These things did the three great men of war.

2 relevance votes

Job 21:16

Truly, is not their well-being in their power? (The purpose of the evil-doers is far from me.)

2 relevance votes

2 Samuel 20:10

But Amasa did not see danger from the sword which was now in Joab's left hand, and Joab put it through his stomach so that his inside came out on to the earth, and he did not give him another blow. So Joab and his brother Abishai went on after Sheba, the son of Bichri.

2 relevance votes

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2 Samuel 20

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Proverbs 28:13

2 Samuel 23:17

Job 21:16

2 Samuel 20:10

Jeremiah 17:9

Job 22:18

Luke 10:29