1 Samuel
Chapter 17
Verse 2
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1 Samuel 17

Bible in Basic English, Verse 2

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2 And Saul and the men of Israel came together and took up their position in the valley of Elah, and put their forces in order against the Philistines.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 1 Samuel 17:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 70
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְשָׁא֤וּל וְאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נֶאֶסְפ֔וּ וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֑ה וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃

11 word entries
וְשָׁא֤וּל
Lemma
c/7586
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + noun proper
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H7586
Occurrences
25
וְאִֽישׁ
Lemma
c/376
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H376
Occurrences
203
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙
Lemma
3478
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3478
Occurrences
2260
נֶאֶסְפ֔וּ
Lemma
622
Morphology
Hebrew: verb niphal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H622
Occurrences
101
וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ
Lemma
c/2583
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H2583
Occurrences
97
בְּעֵ֣מֶק
Lemma
b/6010
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H6010
Occurrences
31
הָאֵלָ֑ה
Lemma
425
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H425
Occurrences
15
וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H6186
Occurrences
28
מִלְחָמָ֖ה
Lemma
4421
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H4421
Occurrences
118
לִקְרַ֥את
Lemma
l/7122
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H7122
Occurrences
20
פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים
Lemma
6430
Morphology
Hebrew: noun gentilic masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H6430
Occurrences
203
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ Σαοὺλ καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες Ἰσραὴλ συνάγονται, καὶ παρεμβάλλουσιν ἐν τῇ κοιλάδι αὐτοὶ, καὶ παρατάσσονται εἰς πόλεμον ἐξεναντίας τῶν ἀλλοφύλων.

20 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
Σαοὺλ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Saoul
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Saul
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Saul, biblical personal name.
Occurrences
380
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
οἱ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἄνδρες
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
andres
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative plural
Gloss
men
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Man, male, husband.
Occurrences
1573
Ἰσραὴλ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
Israel
Morphology
proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss
Israel
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences
2695
συνάγονται
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
synagontai
Morphology
verb, present/future middle-passive form, 3rd plural
Gloss
they ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
4
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
παρεμβάλλουσιν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
paremballoysin
Morphology
verb, present/future active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss
they ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
10
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
τῇ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
κοιλάδι
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
koiladi
Morphology
dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
21
αὐτοὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
παρατάσσονται
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
paratassontai
Morphology
verb, future middle indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss
they will ...
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
3
εἰς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
εἰς
Transliteration
eis
Morphology
preposition with accusative
Gloss
into, to, for
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences
6787
πόλεμον
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
polemos
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
war
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
War, battle, or conflict.
Occurrences
323
ἐξεναντίας
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
exenantias
Morphology
adverbial/prepositional expression
Gloss
opposite, over against
Part of Speech
adverb/prepositional expression
Definition
Opposite, before, or over against.
Occurrences
43
τῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἀλλοφύλων
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
allophylon
Morphology
noun/adjective, genitive plural
Gloss
of foreigners, Philistines
Part of Speech
noun/adjective
Definition
Foreign, of another people; often Philistine in LXX context.
Occurrences
223
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܫܐܘܠ ܘܓܒܪ̈ܐ ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܐܬܟܢܫܘ ܘܫܪܘ ܒܥܘܡܩܐ ܕܒܛܡܬܐ ܘܣܕܪܘ ܩܪܒܐ ܠܘܩܒܠ ܦܠܫ̈ܬܝܐ

11 word entries
ܘܫܐܘܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wsh'wl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
19
ܘܓܒܪ̈ܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wgbr'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
92
ܕܐܝܣܪܝܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
d'ysryl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
669
ܐܬܟܢܫܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'tknshw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
36
ܘܫܪܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wshrw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
86
ܒܥܘܡܩܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
b'wmq'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
18
ܕܒܛܡܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
dbtmt'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences
3
ܘܣܕܪܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wsdrw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1
ܩܪܒܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
qrb'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
154
ܠܘܩܒܠ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
lwqbl
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
112
ܦܠܫ̈ܬܝܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
plshty'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
99
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְשָׁאוּל וֶאֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל אִתְכְּנִישׁוּ וּשְׁרוֹ בְּמֵישַׁר בּוּטְמָא וְסַדָרוּ קְרָבָא לָקֳדָמוּת פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי׃

11 word entries
וְשָׁאוּל
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wsh'wl
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
424
וֶאֱנַשׁ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
אנש
Transliteration
w'nsh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
341
יִשְׂרָאֵל
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
yshr'l
Morphology
proper noun
Gloss
Israel
Occurrences
2312
אִתְכְּנִישׁוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'tknyshw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
39
וּשְׁרוֹ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
שרו
Transliteration
wshrw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
44
בְּמֵישַׁר
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bmyshr
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
42
בּוּטְמָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
bwtm'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
8
וְסַדָרוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wsdrw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
19
קְרָבָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
qrb'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
469
לָקֳדָמוּת
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lqdmwt
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
44
פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
plsht'y
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
256
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Porro Saul et filii Israël congregati venerunt in Vallem terebinthi, et direxerunt aciem ad pugnandum contra Philisthiim.

17 word entries
porro
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
porro
Transliteration
porro
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
279
Saul
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Saul
Transliteration
Saul
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
388
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
viri
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uir
Transliteration
viri
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
1641
Israhel
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
Israel
Transliteration
Israhel
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
2547
congregati
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
congregati
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
401
venerunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uenio
Transliteration
venerunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
2233
in
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
in
Transliteration
in
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss
in
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
in, into, among, on
Etymology
Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences
22264
valle
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uallis
Transliteration
valle
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
133
Terebinthi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Terebinthi
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
3
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
direxerunt
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
dirigo
Transliteration
direxerunt
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
101
aciem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
acies
Transliteration
aciem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
29
ad
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ad
Transliteration
ad
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
7531
pugnandum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
pugno
Transliteration
pugnandum
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
178
contra
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
contra
Transliteration
contra
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
895
Philisthim
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
Philisthim
Morphology
GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences
133

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

1 Samuel 21:9

And the priest said, The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you put to death in the valley of Elah, is here folded in a cloth at the back of the ephod: take that, if you will, for there is no other sword here. And David said, there is no other sword like that; give it to me.

5 relevance votes

1 Samuel 17:19

Now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel were in the valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.

3 relevance votes
Chapter 17 of 31 Verse 2 of 58