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American Standard Version

Isaiah 1

American Standard Version, Verse 5

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⁵ Why will ye be still stricken, that ye revolt more and more? the whole head is sick, and the whole heart faint.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 1:5. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 70

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

עַ֣ל מֶ֥ה תֻכּ֛וּ ע֖וֹד תּוֹסִ֣יפוּ סָרָ֑ה כָּל־רֹ֣אשׁ לָחֳלִ֔י וְכָל־לֵבָ֖ב דַּוָּֽי׃

12 word entries

עַ֣ל

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

מֶ֥ה

Lemma: 4100
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H4100
Occurrences: 449

תֻכּ֛וּ

Lemma: 5221
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hophal imperfect 2rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5221
Occurrences: 188

ע֖וֹד

Lemma: 5750
Morphology: Hebrew: adverb
Part of Speech: adverb
Strong's: H5750
Occurrences: 432

תּוֹסִ֣יפוּ

Lemma: 3254
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil imperfect 2rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3254
Occurrences: 132

סָרָ֑ה

Lemma: 5627
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5627
Occurrences: 7

כָּל

Lemma: 3605
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 3268

רֹ֣אשׁ

Lemma: 7218 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7218
Occurrences: 387

לָחֳלִ֔י

Lemma: l/2483
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H2483
Occurrences: 2

וְכָל

Lemma: c/3605
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 749

לֵבָ֖ב

Lemma: 3824
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3824
Occurrences: 188

דַּוָּֽי

Lemma: 1742
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H1742
Occurrences: 3

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Τί ἔτι πληγῆτε προστιθέντες ἀνομίαν; πᾶσα κεφαλὴ εἰς πόνον, καὶ πᾶσα καρδία εἰς λύπην·

14 word entries

Τί

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τίς
Transliteration: tis
Morphology: interrogative/indefinite pronoun
Gloss: who, someone
Part of Speech: interrogative/indefinite pronoun
Definition: Interrogative or indefinite pronoun depending on accent/context.
Occurrences: 1124

ἔτι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔτι
Transliteration: eti
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: still, yet, again
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Still, yet, further.
Occurrences: 520

πληγῆτε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: πληγῆτε
Transliteration: plegete
Morphology: vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

προστιθέντες

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: προστιθέντες
Transliteration: prostithentes
Morphology: nominative/vocative plural masculine/feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἀνομίαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀνομία
Transliteration: anomian
Morphology: noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss: lawlessness, iniquity
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lawlessness, iniquity, or transgression.
Occurrences: 169

πᾶσα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

κεφαλὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κεφαλὴ
Transliteration: kephale
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 29

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

πόνον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πόνον
Transliteration: ponon
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 14

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πᾶσα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

καρδία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καρδία
Transliteration: kardia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: heart
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Heart, inner life, mind, or will.
Occurrences: 867

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

λύπην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λύπην
Transliteration: lypen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܠܡܢܐ ܬܘܒ ܬܒܠܥܘܢ ܘܬܘܣܦܘܢ ܠܡܬܪܕܝܘ ܟܠ ܪܝܫ ܠܟܐܒܐ ܘܟܠ ܠܒܐ ܠܟܪܝܘܬܐ

11 word entries

ܠܡܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܢܐ
Transliteration: lmn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 117

ܬܘܒ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܘܒ
Transliteration: twb
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 291

ܬܒܠܥܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܒܠܥܘܢ
Transliteration: tbl'wn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 3

ܘܬܘܣܦܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܬܘܣܦܘܢ
Transliteration: wtwspwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܠܡܬܪܕܝܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܬܪܕܝܘ
Transliteration: lmtrdyw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܟܠ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܟܠ
Transliteration: kul
Morphology: quantifier/adjective
Gloss: all, every
Occurrences: 569

ܪܝܫ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܪܝܫ
Transliteration: rysh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 81

ܠܟܐܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܟܐܒܐ
Transliteration: lk'b'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܘܟܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܟܠ
Transliteration: wkl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 225

ܠܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܒܐ
Transliteration: lb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 95

ܠܟܪܝܘܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܟܪܝܘܬܐ
Transliteration: lkrywt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

לָא מִסְתַּכְּלִין לְמֵימָר עַל מָה לָקַנָא עוֹד מוֹסְפִין לְמֶחְטֵי וְלָא אָמְרִין מָה דֵין כָּל רֵישׁ מְרַע וְכָל לֵב דַוָי׃

19 word entries

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2611

מִסְתַּכְּלִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סתכלין
Transliteration: mstklyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 10

לְמֵימָר

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אמר
Transliteration: lmymr
Morphology: prefixed preposition ל + speech root/form
Gloss: to/for to say, saying
Occurrences: 3728

עַל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: על
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, against, concerning
Occurrences: 3568

מָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מה
Transliteration: mh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 417

לָקַנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קנא
Transliteration: lqn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 11

עוֹד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עוד
Transliteration: 'wd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 289

מוֹסְפִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וספין
Transliteration: mwspyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

לְמֶחְטֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מחטי
Transliteration: lmchty
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 15

וְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולא
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1587

אָמְרִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אמרין
Transliteration: 'mryn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 157

מָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מה
Transliteration: mh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 417

דֵין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דין
Transliteration: dyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 684

כָּל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: כל
Transliteration: kl
Morphology: collective noun/adjective
Gloss: all, every
Occurrences: 2135

רֵישׁ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ריש
Transliteration: rysh
Morphology: noun masculine singular
Gloss: head, chief, beginning
Occurrences: 378

מְרַע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מרע
Transliteration: mr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 31

וְכָל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וכל
Transliteration: wkl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 550

לֵב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לב
Transliteration: lb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 34

דַוָי׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דוי
Transliteration: dwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Super quo percutiam vos ultra, addentes prævaricationem? omne caput languidum, et omne cor mœrens.

14 word entries

super

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: super
Transliteration: super
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3146

quo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quo
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

percutiam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: percutio
Transliteration: percutiam
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 576

vos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uos
Transliteration: vos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 2958

ultra

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ultra
Transliteration: ultra
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 253

addentes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: addo
Transliteration: addentes
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 117

praevaricationem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: praeuaricatio
Transliteration: praevaricationem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 30

omne

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omne
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

caput

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: caput
Transliteration: caput
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 501

languidum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: languidus
Transliteration: languidum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 7

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

omne

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omne
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

cor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cor
Transliteration: cor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1028

maerens

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: maereo
Transliteration: maerens
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 17

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Isaiah 1

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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Jeremiah 5:3

Isaiah 31:6

Jeremiah 5:31

Isaiah 33:24

Jeremiah 2:30

Jeremiah 9:3

Isaiah 9:21

Nehemiah 9:34

Jeremiah 5:5

2 Chronicles 28:22

Isaiah 1:23