5 For the waves of death compassed me; The floods of ungodliness made me afraid:
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 22:5. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
50
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
כִּ֥י אֲפָפֻ֖נִי מִשְׁבְּרֵי־מָ֑וֶת נַחֲלֵ֥י בְלִיַּ֖עַל יְבַעֲתֻֽנִי׃
7 word entries
כִּ֥י
אֲפָפֻ֖נִי
מִשְׁבְּרֵי
מָ֑וֶת
נַחֲלֵ֥י
בְלִיַּ֖עַל
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Ὅτι περιέσχον με συντριμμοὶ θανάτου, χείμαῤῥοι ἀνομίας ἐθάμβησάν με.
9 word entries
Ὅτι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὅτι
- Transliteration
- hoti
- Morphology
- subordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- that, because, for
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Conjunction introducing cause, content, or explanation.
- Occurrences
- 3703
περιέσχον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- περιέσχον
- Transliteration
- perieschon
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 9
με
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
συντριμμοὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- συντριμμοὶ
- Transliteration
- syntrimmoi
- Morphology
- nominative plural masculine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
θανάτου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- θάνατος
- Transliteration
- thanatos
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- death
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Death.
- Occurrences
- 301
χείμαῤῥοι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- χείμαῤῥοι
- Transliteration
- cheimaoi
- Morphology
- nominative plural masculine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 7
ἀνομίας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀνομία
- Transliteration
- anomias
- Morphology
- noun, feminine genitive singular or accusative plural
- Gloss
- lawlessness, iniquity
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Lawlessness, iniquity, or transgression.
- Occurrences
- 169
ἐθάμβησάν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐθάμβησάν
- Transliteration
- ethambesan
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
με
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܛܠ ܕܚܕܪ̈ܘܢܝ ܚܒ̈ܠܐ ܕܡܘܬܐ ܘܕ̈ܓܠܬܐ ܕܥܘ̈ܠܐ ܕܠܚܢܝ
7 word entries
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2606
ܕܚܕܪ̈ܘܢܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܚܕܪܘܢܝ
- Transliteration
- dhdrwny
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܚܒ̈ܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܒܠܐ
- Transliteration
- hbl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 38
ܕܡܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dmwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 46
ܘܕ̈ܓܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܓܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wdglt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܥܘ̈ܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܘܠܐ
- Transliteration
- d'wl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 116
ܕܠܚܢܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܚܢܝ
- Transliteration
- dlhny
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
אֲרֵי אַקֵיפַתְנִי עָקָא כְּאִתָּא דְיַתְבָא עַל מַתְבְּרָא וְחֵילָא לֵית לָהּ לְמֵילַד וְהִיא מְסַכְּנָא לִמְמָת סִיעַת חַיָבִין בַּעֲתַת יָתִי׃
18 word entries
אֲרֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארי
- Transliteration
- 'ry
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1969
אַקֵיפַתְנִי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אקיפתני
- Transliteration
- 'qyptny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
עָקָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עקא
- Transliteration
- 'q'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 83
כְּאִתָּא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- אתא
- Transliteration
- k't'
- Morphology
- prefixed comparative כ + verbal root אתא
- Gloss
- as/like came
- Occurrences
- 341
דְיַתְבָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יתבא
- Transliteration
- dytb'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 37
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
מַתְבְּרָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תברא
- Transliteration
- mtbr'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 28
וְחֵילָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חילא
- Transliteration
- wchyl'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 218
לֵית
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לית
- Transliteration
- lyt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 629
לָהּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לה
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 260
לְמֵילַד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מילד
- Transliteration
- lmyld
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 11
וְהִיא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- היא
- Transliteration
- why'
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + personal/demonstrative pronoun
- Gloss
- and she, it
- Occurrences
- 241
מְסַכְּנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סכנא
- Transliteration
- mskn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 17
לִמְמָת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ממת
- Transliteration
- lmmt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 29
סִיעַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סיעת
- Transliteration
- sy't
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 19
חַיָבִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חיבין
- Transliteration
- chybyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 19
בַּעֲתַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עתת
- Transliteration
- b'tt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
יָתִי׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יתי
- Transliteration
- yty
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 381
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Quia circumdederunt me contritiones mortis: torrentes Belial terruerunt me.
9 word entries
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
circumdederunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- circumdo
- Transliteration
- circumdederunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 111
me
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- me
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
contritiones
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- contritio
- Transliteration
- contritiones
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 46
mortis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mors
- Transliteration
- mortis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 408
torrentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- torrens
- Transliteration
- torrentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 122
Belial
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Belial
- Transliteration
- Belial
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 13
terruerunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- terreo
- Transliteration
- terruerunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 26
me
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- me
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Jonah 2:3
For thou didst cast me into the depth, in the heart of the seas, And the flood was round about me; All thy waves and thy billows passed over me.
4 relevance votesPsalms 18:4
The cords of death compassed me, And the floods of ungodliness made me afraid.
2 relevance votes1 Thessalonians 5:3
When they are saying, Peace and safety, then sudden destruction cometh upon them, as travail upon a woman with child; and they shall in no wise escape.
2 relevance votesRevelation 17:1
And there came one of the seven angels that had the seven bowls, and spake with me, saying, Come hither, I will show thee the judgment of the great harlot that sitteth upon many waters;
2 relevance votesIsaiah 59:19
So shall they fear the name of Jehovah from the west, and his glory from the rising of the sun; for he will come as a rushing stream, which the breath of Jehovah driveth.
2 relevance votesRevelation 17:15
And he saith unto me, The waters which thou sawest, where the harlot sitteth, are peoples, and multitudes, and nations, and tongues.
2 relevance votes