32 wherefore? because — not by faith, but as by works of law; for they did stumble at the stone of stumbling,
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 9:32. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
59
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Διὰ τί; Ὅτι οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς ἐξ ἔργων νόμου· προσέκοψαν γὰρ τῷ λίθῳ τοῦ προσκόμματος,
17 word entries
Διὰ
τί
Ὅτι
οὐκ
ἐκ
πίστεως
ἀλλ᾿
ὡς
ἐξ
ἔργων
νόμου
προσέκοψαν
- Lemma
- prosekoyan
- Transliteration
- prosekoyan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4350
- Occurrences
- 2
γὰρ
τῷ
λίθῳ
τοῦ
προσκόμματος
- Lemma
- proskommatov
- Transliteration
- proskommatov
- Morphology
- Greek: noun genitive singular neuter
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G4348
- Occurrences
- 4
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
διατί; ὅτι οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως ἀλλ’ ὡς ἐξ ἔργων· προσέκοψαν τῷ λίθῳ τοῦ προσκόμματος,
14 word entries
τῷ
τοῦ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܛܠ ܡܢܐ ܡܛܠ ܕܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܡܢ ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ ܐܠܐ ܡܢ ܥܒܕܘܗܝ ܕܢܡܘܣܐ ܐܬܬܩܠܘ ܓܝܪ ܒܟܐܦܐ ܕܬܘܩܠܬܐ
15 word entries
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 632
ܡܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܐ
- Transliteration
- mn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 257
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 632
ܕܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܐ
- Transliteration
- dl'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 720
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- hymnwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 65
ܐܠܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܠܐ
- Transliteration
- 'l'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 784
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܥܒܕܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܕܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- 'bdwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 29
ܕܢܡܘܣܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܡܘܣܐ
- Transliteration
- dnmws'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 35
ܐܬܬܩܠܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܬܩܠܘ
- Transliteration
- 'ttqlw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܓܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܝܪ
- Transliteration
- gyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1085
ܒܟܐܦܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܟܐܦܐ
- Transliteration
- bk'p'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܕܬܘܩܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܘܩܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- dtwqlt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 5
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Quare? Quia non ex fide, sed quasi ex operibus: offenderunt enim in lapidem offensionis,
13 word entries
quare
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quare
- Transliteration
- quare
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 224
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
ex
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ex
- Transliteration
- ex
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 1715
fide
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fides
- Transliteration
- fide
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 294
sed
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sed
- Transliteration
- sed
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1637
quasi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quasi
- Transliteration
- quasi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 989
ex
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ex
- Transliteration
- ex
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 1715
operibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- opus
- Transliteration
- operibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 656
offenderunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- offendo
- Transliteration
- offenderunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 29
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
lapidem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lapis
- Transliteration
- lapidem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 330
offensionis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- offensio
- Transliteration
- offensionis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 17
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Luke 7:23
and happy is he whoever may not be stumbled in me.'
6 relevance votes1 Corinthians 1:23
also we — we preach Christ crucified, to Jews, indeed, a stumbling-block, and to Greeks foolishness,
6 relevance votes1 Peter 2:8
and a stone of stumbling and a rock of offence — who are stumbling at the word, being unbelieving, — to which also they were set;
4 relevance votesRomans 11:11
I say, then, Did they stumble that they might fall? let it not be! but by their fall the salvation [is] to the nations, to arouse them to jealousy;
4 relevance votesRomans 4:16
Because of this [it is] of faith, that [it may be] according to grace, for the promise being sure to all the seed, not to that which [is] of the law only, but also to that which [is] of the faith of Abraham,
4 relevance votesMatthew 13:57
and they were stumbled at him. And Jesus said to them, 'A prophet is not without honour except in his own country, and in his own house:'
3 relevance votesRomans 10:3
for not knowing the righteousness of God, and their own righteousness seeking to establish, to the righteousness of God they did not submit.
3 relevance votesLuke 2:34
and Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, 'Lo, this [one] is set for the falling and rising again of many in Israel, and for a sign spoken against —
3 relevance votes
Chapter 9 · 9 of 16 available
Verse 32 of 33