38 Then crucified with him are two robbers, one on the right hand, and one on the left,
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Matthew 27:38. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
50
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Τότε σταυροῦνται σὺν αὐτῷ δύο λῃσταί, εἷς ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ εἷς ἐξ εὐωνύμων.
13 word entries
Τότε
σταυροῦνται
- Lemma
- staurountai
- Transliteration
- staurountai
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present passive indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4717
- Occurrences
- 1
σὺν
αὐτῷ
δύο
λῃσταί
εἷς
ἐκ
δεξιῶν
καὶ
εἷς
ἐξ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Τότε σταυροῦνται σὺν αὐτῷ δύο λῃσταί, εἷς ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ εἷς ἐξ εὐωνύμων.
13 word entries
καὶ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܙܕܩܦܘ ܥܡܗ ܬܪܝܢ ܠܣܛܝܐ ܚܕ ܡܢ ܝܡܝܢܗ ܘܚܕ ܡܢ ܣܡܠܗ
10 word entries
ܘܐܙܕܩܦܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܙܕܩܦܘ
- Transliteration
- w'zdqpw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܥܡܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܗ
- Transliteration
- 'mh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 126
ܬܪܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܪܝܢ
- Transliteration
- tryn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 77
ܠܣܛܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܣܛܝܐ
- Transliteration
- lsty'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܚܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܕ
- Transliteration
- hd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 412
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܝܡܝܢܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܡܝܢܗ
- Transliteration
- ymynh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 7
ܘܚܕ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܚܕ
- Transliteration
- whd
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 25
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܣܡܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܡܠܗ
- Transliteration
- smlh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Tunc crucifixi sunt cum eo duo latrones: unus a dextris, et unus a sinistris.
14 word entries
tunc
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tunc
- Transliteration
- tunc
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 409
crucifixi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- crucifigo
- Transliteration
- crucifixi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 52
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
cum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cum
- Transliteration
- cum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5272
eo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
duo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- duo
- Transliteration
- duo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: numeral
- Occurrences
- 695
latrones
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- latro
- Transliteration
- latrones
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 35
unus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- unus
- Transliteration
- unus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: numeral
- Occurrences
- 1077
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
dextris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dexter
- Transliteration
- dextris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 72
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
unus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- unus
- Transliteration
- unus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: numeral
- Occurrences
- 1077
a
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- a
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
sinistris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sinister
- Transliteration
- sinistris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 23
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
John 19:18
where they crucified him, and with him two others, on this side, and on that side, and Jesus in the midst.
8 relevance votesMatthew 27:44
with the same also the robbers, who were crucified with him, were reproaching him.
6 relevance votesIsaiah 53:12
Therefore I give a portion to him among the many, And with the mighty he apportioneth spoil, Because that he exposed to death his soul, And with transgressors he was numbered, And he the sin of many hath borne, And for transgressors he intercedeth.
6 relevance votesMark 15:27
And with him they crucify two robbers, one on the right hand, and one on his left,
6 relevance votesLuke 22:37
for I say to you, that yet this that hath been written it behoveth to be fulfilled in me: And with lawless ones he was reckoned, for also the things concerning me have an end.'
5 relevance votes