16 And He breaketh with gravel my teeth, He hath covered me with ashes.
Young's Literal Translation
Lamentations 3
Young's Literal Translation, Verse 16
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Lamentations 3:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
34
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיַּגְרֵ֤ס בֶּֽחָצָץ֙ שִׁנָּ֔י הִכְפִּישַׁ֖נִי בָּאֵֽפֶר׃
5 word entries
וַיַּגְרֵ֤ס
בֶּֽחָצָץ֙
שִׁנָּ֔י
הִכְפִּישַׁ֖נִי
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
καὶ ἐξέβαλε ψήφῳ ὀδόντας μου· ἐψώμισέ με σποδὸν,
8 word entries
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἐξέβαλε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐξέβαλε
- Transliteration
- exebale
- Morphology
- verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 10
ψήφῳ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ψήφῳ
- Transliteration
- psepho
- Morphology
- 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
- Gloss
- I ...
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ὀδόντας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὀδόντας
- Transliteration
- odontas
- Morphology
- accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 12
μου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
ἐψώμισέ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐψώμισέ
- Transliteration
- epsomise
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular pattern with final accent
- Gloss
- he/she ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
με
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
σποδὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- σποδὸν
- Transliteration
- spodon
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 12
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܬܒ̣̇ܪ ܒܟܐܦܐ ܫ̈ܢܝ̣ ܘܦܠܢܝ ܒܩܛܡܐ
5 word entries
ܘܬܒ̣̇ܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܬܒܪ
- Transliteration
- wtbr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 10
ܒܟܐܦܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܟܐܦܐ
- Transliteration
- bk'p'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 29
ܫ̈ܢܝ̣
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܢܝ
- Transliteration
- shny
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܘܦܠܢܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܦܠܢܝ
- Transliteration
- wplny
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܩܛܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܩܛܡܐ
- Transliteration
- bqtm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 7
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וְרִצַּץ בִּפְרִידָן שִׁינַי כְּנַע יָתִי בְקִטְמָא׃
6 word entries
וְרִצַּץ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רצץ
- Transliteration
- wrtsts
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
בִּפְרִידָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פרידן
- Transliteration
- bprydn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
שִׁינַי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שיני
- Transliteration
- shyny
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
כְּנַע
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כנע
- Transliteration
- kn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
יָתִי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יתי
- Transliteration
- yty
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 381
בְקִטְמָא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קטמא
- Transliteration
- bqtm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 13
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Vau Et fregit ad numerum dentes meos; cibavit me cinere.
10 word entries
VAV
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uaus
- Transliteration
- VAV
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 4
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
fregit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- frango
- Transliteration
- fregit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 43
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
numerum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- numerus
- Transliteration
- numerum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 197
dentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dens
- Transliteration
- dentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 59
meos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- meus
- Transliteration
- meos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4586
cibavit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cibo
- Transliteration
- cibavit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 12
me
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- me
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
cinere
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cinis
- Transliteration
- cinere
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 59
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Proverbs 20:17
Sweet to a man [is] the bread of falsehood, And afterwards is his mouth filled [with] gravel.
5 relevance votesJeremiah 6:26
O daughter of My people, Gird on sackcloth, and roll thyself in ashes, The mourning of an only one make for thee, A lamentation most bitter, For suddenly come doth the spoiler against us.
4 relevance votesPsalms 58:6
O God, break their teeth in their mouth, The jaw-teeth of young lions break down, O Jehovah.
3 relevance votesPsalms 3:7
Rise, O Jehovah! save me, my God. Because Thou hast smitten All mine enemies [on] the cheek. The teeth of the wicked Thou hast broken.
3 relevance votesPsalms 102:9
Because ashes as bread I have eaten, And my drink with weeping have mingled,
2 relevance votesLuke 11:11
'And of which of you — the father — if the son shall ask a loaf, a stone will he present to him? and if a fish, will he instead of a fish, a serpent present to him?
2 relevance votesJonah 3:6
seeing the word doth come unto the king of Nineveh, and he riseth from his throne, and removeth his honourable robe from off him, and spreadeth out sackcloth, and sitteth on the ashes,
2 relevance votesMatthew 7:9
'Or what man is of you, of whom, if his son may ask a loaf — a stone will he present to him?
2 relevance votesJob 4:10
The roaring of a lion, And the voice of a fierce lion, And teeth of young lions have been broken.
2 relevance votesJob 2:8
And he taketh to him a potsherd to scrape himself with it, and he is sitting in the midst of the ashes.
2 relevance votes