4 for there did come in unobserved certain men, long ago having been written beforehand to this judgment, impious, the grace of our God perverting to lasciviousness, and our only Master, God, and Lord — Jesus Christ — denying,
Jump to another chapter in Jude
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Jude 1:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
114
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Παρεισέδυσαν γάρ τινες ἄνθρωποι, οἱ πάλαι προγεγραμμένοι εἰς τοῦτο τὸ κρίμα, ἀσεβεῖς, τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν χάριν μετατιθέντες εἰς ἀσέλγειαν, καὶ τὸν μόνον δεσπότην Θεὸν καὶ Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἀρνούμενοι.
31 word entries
Παρεισέδυσαν
- Lemma
- pareisedusan
- Transliteration
- pareisedusan
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist active indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3921
- Occurrences
- 1
γάρ
τινες
ἄνθρωποι
οἱ
πάλαι
προγεγραμμένοι
- Lemma
- progegrammenoi
- Transliteration
- progegrammenoi
- Morphology
- Greek: verb perfect passive participle nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4270
- Occurrences
- 1
εἰς
τοῦτο
τὸ
κρίμα
ἀσεβεῖς
τὴν
τοῦ
Θεοῦ
ἡμῶν
χάριν
μετατιθέντες
- Lemma
- metatiqentev
- Transliteration
- metatiqentev
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present active participle nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G3346
- Occurrences
- 1
εἰς
ἀσέλγειαν
καὶ
τὸν
μόνον
δεσπότην
Θεὸν
καὶ
Κύριον
ἡμῶν
Ἰησοῦν
Χριστὸν
ἀρνούμενοι
- Lemma
- arnoumenoi
- Transliteration
- arnoumenoi
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present middle/passive deponent participle nominative plural masculine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G720
- Occurrences
- 2
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
παρεισέδυσαν γάρ τινες ἄνθρωποι, οἱ πάλαι προγεγραμμένοι εἰς τοῦτο τὸ κρίμα, ἀσεβεῖς, τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν χάριτα μετατιθέντες εἰς ἀσέλγειαν καὶ τὸν μόνον δεσπότην καὶ κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἀρνούμενοι.
30 word entries
παρεισέδυσαν
- Lemma
- παρεισδύνω
- Morphology
- V-AAI-3P
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G3921
- Occurrences
- 1
οἱ
τὸ
τὴν
τοῦ
θεοῦ
μετατιθέντες
- Lemma
- μετατίθημι
- Morphology
- V-PAP-NPM
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G3346
- Occurrences
- 6
καὶ
τὸν
καὶ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܩܢܘ ܓܝܪ ܐܢܫܝܢ ܡܥܠܢܘܬܐ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܢ ܫܘܪܝܐ ܩܕܡܘ ܐܬܟܬܒܘ ܒܚܘܝܒܐ ܗܢܐ ܐܢܫܐ ܪܫܝܥܐ ܕܠܛܝܒܘܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܢ ܡܗܦܟܝܢ ܠܛܢܦܘܬܐ ܘܒܗܘ ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܒܠܚܘܕܘܗܝ ܡܪܐ ܐܠܗܐ ܘܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܟܦܪܝܢ
26 word entries
ܩܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܢܘ
- Transliteration
- qnw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܓܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܓܝܪ
- Transliteration
- gyr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1085
ܐܢܫܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܫܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nshyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 23
ܡܥܠܢܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܥܠܢܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- m'lnwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- 'ylyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 319
ܕܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܢ
- Transliteration
- dmn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 259
ܫܘܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܘܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- shwry'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 6
ܩܕܡܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܕܡܘ
- Transliteration
- qdmw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܐܬܟܬܒܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܬܟܬܒܘ
- Transliteration
- 'tktbw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܒܚܘܝܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܚܘܝܒܐ
- Transliteration
- bhwyb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܗܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܢܐ
- Transliteration
- hn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 482
ܐܢܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܫܐ
- Transliteration
- 'nsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 148
ܪܫܝܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܫܝܥܐ
- Transliteration
- rshy''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 8
ܕܠܛܝܒܘܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܠܛܝܒܘܬܗ
- Transliteration
- dltybwth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܐܠܗܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܠܗܢ
- Transliteration
- d'lhn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܡܗܦܟܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܗܦܟܝܢ
- Transliteration
- mhpkyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܛܢܦܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܛܢܦܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- ltnpwt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܒܗܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܗܘ
- Transliteration
- wbhw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- d'ytwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 93
ܒܠܚܘܕܘܗܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܠܚܘܕܘܗܝ
- Transliteration
- blhwdwhy
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 20
ܡܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܪܐ
- Transliteration
- mr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 24
ܐܠܗܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܠܗܐ
- Transliteration
- alaha
- Morphology
- noun, masculine emphatic singular
- Gloss
- God
- Occurrences
- 497
ܘܡܪܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܪܢ
- Transliteration
- wmrn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 15
ܝܫܘܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܫܘܥ
- Transliteration
- yshw'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 848
ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܫܝܚܐ
- Transliteration
- mshyh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 404
ܟܦܪܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܦܪܝܢ
- Transliteration
- kpryn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 4
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Subintroierunt enim quidam homines (qui olim præscripti sunt in hoc judicium) impii, Dei nostri gratiam transferentes in luxuriam, et solum Dominatorem, et Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum negantes.
27 word entries
subintroierunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- subintroeo
- Transliteration
- subintroierunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2
enim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- enim
- Transliteration
- enim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2392
quidam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quidam
- Transliteration
- quidam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 306
homines
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- homo
- Transliteration
- homines
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1653
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
olim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- olim
- Transliteration
- olim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 14
praescripti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praescribo
- Transliteration
- praescripti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
hoc
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- hoc
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
iudicium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudicium
- Transliteration
- iudicium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 529
impii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- impius
- Transliteration
- impii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 267
Dei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deus
- Transliteration
- Dei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity
- Etymology
- Latin noun for God or a god.
- Occurrences
- 4889
nostri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
gratiam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- gratia
- Transliteration
- gratiam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 364
transferentes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- transfero
- Transliteration
- transferentes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 103
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
luxuriam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- luxuria
- Transliteration
- luxuriam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 15
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
solum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- solus
- Transliteration
- solum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 188
Dominatorem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominator
- Transliteration
- Dominatorem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 23
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Dominum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dominus
- Transliteration
- Dominum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8181
nostrum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- noster
- Transliteration
- nostrum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1263
Iesum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iesus
- Transliteration
- Iesum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 970
Christum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Christus
- Transliteration
- Christum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 541
negantes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nego
- Transliteration
- negantes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 56
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Galatians 2:4
and [that] because of the false brethren brought in unawares, who did come in privily to spy out our liberty that we have in Christ Jesus, that us they might bring under bondage,
33 relevance votes2 Peter 2:10
and chiefly those going behind the flesh in desire of uncleanness, and lordship despising; presumptuous, self-complacent, dignities they are not afraid to speak evil of,
21 relevance votes1 Peter 2:16
as free, and not having the freedom as the cloak of the evil, but as servants of God;
16 relevance votes1 John 2:22
Who is the liar, except he who is denying that Jesus is the Christ? this one is the antichrist who is denying the Father and the Son;
14 relevance votes1 Peter 2:8
and a stone of stumbling and a rock of offence — who are stumbling at the word, being unbelieving, — to which also they were set;
12 relevance votes2 Timothy 3:6
for of these there are those coming into the houses and leading captive the silly women, laden with sins, led away with desires manifold,
10 relevance votesGalatians 5:13
For ye — to freedom ye were called, brethren, only not the freedom for an occasion to the flesh, but through the love serve ye one another,
9 relevance votesPsalms 1:1
O the happiness of that one, who Hath not walked in the counsel of the wicked. And in the way of sinners hath not stood, And in the seat of scorners hath not sat;
9 relevance votes2 Peter 3:7
and the present heavens and the earth, by the same word are treasured, for fire being kept to a day of judgment and destruction of the impious men.
7 relevance votesEphesians 4:14
that we may no more be babes, tossed and borne about by every wind of the teaching, in the sleight of men, in craftiness, unto the artifice of leading astray,
7 relevance votesMatthew 13:25
and, while men are sleeping, his enemy came and sowed darnel in the midst of the wheat, and went away,
6 relevance votesPsalms 62:2
Only — He [is] my rock, and my salvation, My tower, I am not much moved.
6 relevance votes