1 Whence [are] wars and fightings among you? not thence — out of your passions, that are as soldiers in your members?
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to James 4:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
65
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Πόθεν πόλεμοι καὶ μάχαι ἐν ὑμῖν; Οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν, ἐκ τῶν ἡδονῶν ὑμῶν τῶν στρατευομένων ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ὑμῶν;
18 word entries
Πόθεν
πόλεμοι
καὶ
μάχαι
ἐν
ὑμῖν
Οὐκ
ἐντεῦθεν
ἐκ
τῶν
ἡδονῶν
ὑμῶν
τῶν
στρατευομένων
- Lemma
- strateuomenwn
- Transliteration
- strateuomenwn
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present middle participle genitive plural feminine
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4754
- Occurrences
- 1
ἐν
τοῖς
μέλεσιν
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Πόθεν πόλεμοι καὶ πόθεν μάχαι ἐν ὑμῖν; οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν, ἐκ τῶν ἡδονῶν ὑμῶν τῶν στρατευομένων ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ὑμῶν;
19 word entries
καὶ
ἐν
τῶν
τῶν
στρατευομένων
- Lemma
- στρατεύομαι
- Morphology
- V-PMP-GPF
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G4754
- Occurrences
- 7
ἐν
τοῖς
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܢ ܐܝܟܐ ܐܝܬ ܒܟܘܢ ܩܪܒܐ ܘܡܨܘܬܐ ܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܡܢ ܪܓܝܓܬܐ ܕܡܩܪܒܢ ܒܗܕܡܝܟܘܢ
12 word entries
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܐܝܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟܐ
- Transliteration
- 'yk'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 75
ܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- 'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 330
ܒܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- bkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 96
ܩܪܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܪܒܐ
- Transliteration
- qrb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 12
ܘܡܨܘܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܨܘܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wmswt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܪܓܝܓܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܓܝܓܬܐ
- Transliteration
- rgygt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 7
ܕܡܩܪܒܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܡܩܪܒܢ
- Transliteration
- dmqrbn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܗܕܡܝܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܗܕܡܝܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- bhdmykwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 1
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Unde bella et lites in vobis? nonne hinc: ex concupiscentiis vestris, quæ militant in membris vestris?
16 word entries
unde
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- unde
- Transliteration
- unde
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 151
bella
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- bellum
- Transliteration
- bella
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 186
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
lites
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lis
- Transliteration
- lites
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
vobis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uos
- Transliteration
- vobis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2958
nonne
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nonne
- Transliteration
- nonne
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 208
hinc
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hinc
- Transliteration
- hinc
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 46
ex
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ex
- Transliteration
- ex
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 1715
concupiscentiis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- concupiscentia
- Transliteration
- concupiscentiis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 43
vestris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uester
- Transliteration
- vestris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1504
quae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- quae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
militant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- milito
- Transliteration
- militant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 10
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
membris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- membrum
- Transliteration
- membris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 48
vestris
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uester
- Transliteration
- vestris
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1504
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
1 Peter 2:11
Beloved, I call upon [you], as strangers and sojourners, to keep from the fleshly desires, that war against the soul,
40 relevance votesGalatians 5:17
for the flesh doth desire contrary to the Spirit, and the Spirit contrary to the flesh, and these are opposed one to another, that the things that ye may will — these ye may not do;
37 relevance votesRomans 7:23
and I behold another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of the sin that [is] in my members.
34 relevance votesJames 1:14
and each one is tempted, by his own desires being led away and enticed,
25 relevance votesRomans 8:7
because the mind of the flesh [is] enmity to God, for to the law of God it doth not subject itself,
24 relevance votesJeremiah 17:9
Crooked [is] the heart above all things, And it [is] incurable — who doth know it?
21 relevance votesColossians 3:5
Put to death, then, your members that [are] upon the earth — whoredom, uncleanness, passion, evil desire, and the covetousness, which is idolatry —
16 relevance votes1 Peter 1:14
as obedient children, not fashioning yourselves to the former desires in your ignorance,
16 relevance votesJames 4:3
ye ask, and ye receive not, because evilly ye ask, that in your pleasures ye may spend [it].
15 relevance votes2 Peter 3:3
this first knowing, that there shall come in the latter end of the days scoffers, according to their own desires going on,
15 relevance votesTitus 3:9
and foolish questions, and genealogies, and contentions, and strivings about law, stand away from — for they are unprofitable and vain.
14 relevance votesTitus 3:3
for we were once — also we — thoughtless, disobedient, led astray, serving desires and pleasures manifold, in malice and envy living, odious — hating one another;
14 relevance votes