Hosea
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YLT
KJV King James Version WEB-C World English Bible, Catholic Edition WEB World English Bible ASV American Standard Version WBT Webster's Bible YLT Young's Literal Translation DBY Darby Bible RV English Revised Version DRA Douay-Rheims American Edition GNV Geneva Bible OEB Open English Bible, US Edition BRENTON Brenton Septuagint Translation OJPS JPS Tanakh 1917 BBE Bible in Basic English WMB World Messianic Bible RV1909 Santa Biblia — Reina-Valera 1909 WEBU World English Bible Updated NOY George Noyes Bible LXX2012 Septuagint in American English 2012
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Young's Literal Translation

Hosea 2

Young's Literal Translation, Verse 3

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3 Lest I strip her naked. And have set her up as [in] the day of her birth, And have made her as a wilderness, And have set her as a dry land, And have put her to death with thirst.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Hosea 2:3. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 57
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

אִמְר֥וּ לַאֲחֵיכֶ֖ם עַמִּ֑י וְלַאֲחֽוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם רֻחָֽמָה׃

5 word entries
אִמְר֥וּ
Lemma
559
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal imperative 2rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H559
Occurrences
1301
לַאֲחֵיכֶ֖ם
Lemma
l/251
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H251
Occurrences
36
עַמִּ֑י
Lemma
5971 a
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H5971
Occurrences
682
וְלַאֲחֽוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם
Lemma
c/l/269
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + noun common feminine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H269
Occurrences
4
רֻחָֽמָה
Lemma
7355
Morphology
Hebrew: verb pual perfect 3rd person feminine singular
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H7355
Occurrences
32
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Εἴπατε τῷ ἀδελφῷ ὑμῶν, λαός μου, καὶ τῇ ἀδελφῇ ὑμῶν, ἠλεημένη.

11 word entries
Εἴπατε
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
eipate
Morphology
verb, aorist active imperative or indicative, 2nd plural
Gloss
say; you said
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To say or speak.
Occurrences
5490
τῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὁ
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἀδελφῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
adelphos
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
brother
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Brother, kinsman, or member of a people.
Occurrences
739
ὑμῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
σύ
Transliteration
sy
Morphology
pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss
you
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences
12950
λαός
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
laos
Morphology
noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss
people
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
People, nation, or community.
Occurrences
1841
μου
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐγώ
Transliteration
ego
Morphology
pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss
I
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences
11445
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
τῇ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ὁ
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἀδελφῇ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
adelph
Morphology
nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
9
ὑμῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
σύ
Transliteration
sy
Morphology
pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss
you
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences
12950
ἠλεημένη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
eleemene
Morphology
nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
2
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܩܪܘ ܠܐܚܝܟܘܢ ܥܡܝ ܘܠܐܚܘܬܟܘܢ ܪܚܝܡܬܐ

5 word entries
ܩܪܘ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܩܪܘ
Transliteration
qrw
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
29
ܠܐܚܝܟܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
l'hykwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
4
ܥܡܝ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma
ܥܡܝ
Transliteration
'my
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
164
ܘܠܐܚܘܬܟܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wl'hwtkwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1
ܪܚܝܡܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
rhymt'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
2
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

נְבִיַיָא אֱמָרוּ לַאֲחֵיכוֹן עַמִי תּוּבוּ לְאוֹרַיְתִי וְעַל כְּנִישַׁתְכוֹן אֲרַחֵם׃

9 word entries
נְבִיַיָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Transliteration
nbyy'
Morphology
noun masculine emphatic/plural by context
Gloss
prophet
Occurrences
422
אֱמָרוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'mrw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
310
לַאֲחֵיכוֹן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
l'chykwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
9
עַמִי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
עמי
Transliteration
'my
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
427
תּוּבוּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
twbw
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
43
לְאוֹרַיְתִי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
l'wryty
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
38
וְעַל
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ועל
Transliteration
w'l
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
516
כְּנִישַׁתְכוֹן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
knyshtkwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
5
אֲרַחֵם׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'rchm
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
14
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

ne forte expoliem eam nudam, et statuam eam secundum diem nativitatis suæ, et ponam eam quasi solitudinem, et statuam eam velut terram inviam, et interficiam eam siti.

27 word entries
ne
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ne
Transliteration
ne
Morphology
GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences
1109
forte
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
forte
Transliteration
forte
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
200
expoliem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
expolio
Transliteration
expoliem
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
12
eam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eam
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
nudam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
nudus
Transliteration
nudam
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
52
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
statuam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
statua
Transliteration
statuam
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
45
eam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eam
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
secundum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
secundum
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
529
diem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
dies
Transliteration
diem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
2559
nativitatis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
nativitatis
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
23
suae
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
suus
Transliteration
suae
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
5783
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
ponam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
pono
Transliteration
ponam
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
894
eam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eam
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
quasi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
quasi
Transliteration
quasi
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
989
solitudinem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
solitudinem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
148
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
statuam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
statua
Transliteration
statuam
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
45
eam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eam
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
velut
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
uelut
Transliteration
velut
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
59
terram
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
terra
Transliteration
terram
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Gloss
earth
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
earth, land, ground
Etymology
Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences
3087
inviam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
inuius
Transliteration
inviam
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
17
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
interficiam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
interficiam
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
407
eam
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eam
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
siti
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sitis
Transliteration
siti
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
25

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Ezekiel 16:22

And with all thine abominations and thy whoredoms, Thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth, When thou wast naked and bare, Trodden down in thy blood thou wast!

6 relevance votes

Jeremiah 13:22

And when thou dost say in thy heart, 'Wherefore have these met me?' For the abundance of thine iniquity Have thy skirts been uncovered, Have thy heels suffered violence.

4 relevance votes

Ezekiel 19:13

And now — it is planted in a wilderness, In a land dry and thirsty.

4 relevance votes

Exodus 17:3

and the people thirst there for water, and the people murmur against Moses, and say, 'Why [is] this? — thou hast brought us up out of Egypt, to put us to death, also our sons and our cattle, with thirst.'

3 relevance votes

Jeremiah 22:6

For thus said Jehovah, Concerning the house of the king of Judah: Gilead [art] thou to Me — head of Lebanon, If not — I make thee a wilderness, Cities not inhabited.

3 relevance votes

Isaiah 33:9

Mourned, languished hath the land, Confounded hath been Lebanon, Withered hath been Sharon as a wilderness, And shaking are Bashan and Carmel.

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 17:6

And he hath been as a naked thing in a desert, And doth not see when good cometh, And hath inhabited parched places in a wilderness, A salt land, and not inhabited.

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 2:6

And have not said, Where [is] Jehovah, Who bringeth us up out of the land of Egypt, Who leadeth us in a wilderness, In a land of deserts and pits, In a dry land, and of death-shade, In a land — none hath passed through it, Nor dwelt hath man there?'

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 13:26

I also have made bare thy skirts before thy face, And thy shame hath been seen.

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 4:26

I have looked, and lo, The fruitful place [is] a wilderness, And all its cities have been broken down, Because of Jehovah, Because of the fierceness of His anger.

2 relevance votes

Isaiah 64:10

Thy holy cities have been a wilderness, Zion a wilderness hath been, Jerusalem a desolation.

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 51:43

Its cities have been for a desolation, A dry land, and a wilderness, A land — none doth dwell in them, Nor pass over into them doth a son of man.

2 relevance votes
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