9 and Sarah seeth the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she hath borne to Abraham, mocking,
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Genesis 21:9. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
56
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַתֵּ֨רֶא שָׂרָ֜ה אֶֽת־בֶּן־הָגָ֧ר הַמִּצְרִ֛ית אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָ֥ה לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם מְצַחֵֽק׃
10 word entries
וַתֵּ֨רֶא
אֶֽת
בֶּן
הַמִּצְרִ֛ית
אֲשֶׁר
יָלְדָ֥ה
לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Ἰδοῦσα δὲ Σάῥῥα τὸν υἱὸν Ἄγαρ τῆς Αἰγυπτίας, ὃς ἐγένετο τῷ Ἁβραὰμ, παίζοντα μετὰ Ἰσαὰκ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτῆς,
18 word entries
Ἰδοῦσα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἰδοῦσα
- Transliteration
- idoysa
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 8
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
Σάῥῥα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- σάῥῥα
- Transliteration
- saa
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
τὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
υἱὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- υἱός
- Transliteration
- huios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- son
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Son, descendant, or member of a group.
- Occurrences
- 4805
Ἄγαρ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἄγαρ
- Transliteration
- agar
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἄγαρ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 13
τῆς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Αἰγυπτίας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- αἰγυπτίας
- Transliteration
- aigyptias
- Morphology
- accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ὃς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὅς
- Transliteration
- hos
- Morphology
- relative pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- who, which
- Part of Speech
- relative pronoun
- Definition
- Relative pronoun who, which, that.
- Occurrences
- 4123
ἐγένετο
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- γίνομαι
- Transliteration
- egeneto
- Morphology
- verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it became, happened
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
- Occurrences
- 1418
τῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Ἁβραὰμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἀβραάμ
- Transliteration
- Abraam
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Abraham
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Abraham.
- Occurrences
- 153
παίζοντα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- παίζοντα
- Transliteration
- paizonta
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
μετὰ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- μετά
- Transliteration
- meta
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- with, after
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
- Occurrences
- 2247
Ἰσαὰκ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἰσαάκ
- Transliteration
- Isaak
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Isaac
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Isaac.
- Occurrences
- 122
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
υἱοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- υἱός
- Transliteration
- huios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- son
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Son, descendant, or member of a group.
- Occurrences
- 4805
αὐτῆς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Targum Onkelos Torah
Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain
Coverage: Torah
Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.
וַחֲזַת שָׂרָה יָת בַּר הָגָר מִצְרֵיתָא דִּילִידַת לְאַבְרָהָם מְחָיִיךְ
9 word entries
וַחֲזַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חזת
- Transliteration
- wchzt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 16
שָׂרָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שרה
- Transliteration
- shrh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 42
יָת
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- ית
- Transliteration
- yt
- Morphology
- accusative/direct object marker
- Gloss
- direct object marker
- Occurrences
- 2463
בַּר
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- br
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular
- Gloss
- son
- Occurrences
- 1211
הָגָר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הגר
- Transliteration
- hgr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 12
מִצְרֵיתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- צריתא
- Transliteration
- mtsryt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 4
דִּילִידַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ילידת
- Transliteration
- dylydt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 59
לְאַבְרָהָם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אברהם
- Transliteration
- l'brhm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 152
מְחָיִיךְ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חייך
- Transliteration
- mchyyk
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 12
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܚܙܬ ܣܪܐ ܠܒܪ ܗܓܪ ܡܨܪܝܬܐ ܕܝܠ̣ܕܬ ܠܐܒܪܗܡ ܡܓܚܟ.
8 word entries
ܘܚܙܬ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WXZT
- Morphology
- W-XZ(J[T==
- Occurrences
- 0
ܣܪܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- SR>
- Morphology
- SR>/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܠܒܪ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- LBR
- Morphology
- L-BR/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܗܓܪ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- HGR
- Morphology
- HGR/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܡܨܪܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- MYRJT>
- Morphology
- MYRJ/T~>
- Occurrences
- 0
ܕܝܠ̣ܕܬ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- DJL#DT
- Morphology
- D-JLD[T==
- Occurrences
- 0
ܠܐܒܪܗܡ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- L>BRHM
- Morphology
- L->BRHM/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܡܓܚܟ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- MGXK
- Morphology
- !M!GXK[/:d
- Occurrences
- 0
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Cumque vidisset Sara filium Agar Ægyptiæ ludentem cum Isaac filio suo, dixit ad Abraham:
11 word entries
cumque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cum
- Transliteration
- cumque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 5272
{cumque}
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- que
- Transliteration
- {cumque}
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4392
vidisset
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uideo
- Transliteration
- vidisset
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1988
Sarra
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Sarra
- Transliteration
- Sarra
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 44
filium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- filium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
Agar
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Agar
- Transliteration
- Agar
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 9
Aegyptiae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Aegyptius
- Transliteration
- Aegyptiae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 43
ludentem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ludo
- Transliteration
- ludentem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 29
dixit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dixit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 7531
Abraham
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Abraham
- Transliteration
- Abraham
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 214
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Galatians 4:29
but as then he who was born according to the flesh did persecute him according to the spirit, so also now;
9 relevance votesGenesis 16:15
And Hagar beareth to Abram a son; and Abram calleth the name of his son, whom Hagar hath borne, Ishmael;
8 relevance votesGalatians 4:22
for it hath been written, that Abraham had two sons, one by the maid-servant, and one by the free-woman,
5 relevance votesGenesis 16:1
And Sarai, Abram's wife, hath not borne to him, and she hath an handmaid, an Egyptian, and her name [is] Hagar;
4 relevance votesProverbs 20:11
Even by his actions a youth maketh himself known, Whether his work be pure or upright.
3 relevance votesPsalms 42:10
With a sword in my bones Have mine adversaries reproached me, In their saying unto me all the day, 'Where [is] thy God?'
3 relevance votes2 Chronicles 30:10
And the runners are passing over from city to city, in the land of Ephraim and Manasseh, even unto Zebulun: and they are laughing at them, and mocking at them,
3 relevance votesPsalms 22:6
And I [am] a worm, and no man, A reproach of man, and despised of the people.
3 relevance votes2 Chronicles 36:16
and they are mocking at the messengers of God, and despising His words, and acting deceitfully with His prophets, till the going up of the fury of Jehovah against His people — till there is no healing.
3 relevance votesLamentations 1:7
Remembered hath Jerusalem [In] the days of her affliction and her mournings, all her desirable things that were from the days of old, In the falling of her people into the hand of an adversary, And she hath no helper; Seen her have adversaries, They have laughed at her cessation.
3 relevance votesGenesis 17:20
As to Ishmael, I have heard thee; lo, I have blessed him, and made him fruitful, and multiplied him, very exceedingly; twelve princes doth he beget, and I have made him become a great nation;
2 relevance votesHebrews 11:36
and others of mockings and scourgings did receive trial, and yet of bonds and imprisonment;
2 relevance votes