6 And sons of Ham [are] Cush, and Mitzraim, and Phut, and Canaan.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Genesis 10:6. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
37
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וּבְנֵ֖י חָ֑ם כּ֥וּשׁ וּמִצְרַ֖יִם וּפ֥וּט וּכְנָֽעַן׃
6 word entries
וּבְנֵ֖י
וּמִצְרַ֖יִם
וּפ֥וּט
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Υἱοὶ δὲ Χὰμ, Χοὺς, καὶ Μεσραῒν, Φοὺδ, καὶ Χαναάν.
9 word entries
Υἱοὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- υἱός
- Transliteration
- huios
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- son
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Son, descendant, or member of a group.
- Occurrences
- 4805
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
Χὰμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Χὰμ
- Transliteration
- cham
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Χὰμ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 13
Χοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- χοὺς
- Transliteration
- choys
- Morphology
- accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 7
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
Μεσραῒν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- μεσραῒν
- Transliteration
- mesran
- Morphology
- accusative singular feminine or third-declension accusative pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
Φοὺδ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Φοὺδ
- Transliteration
- phoyd
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Φοὺδ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
Χαναάν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Χαναάν
- Transliteration
- chanaan
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Χαναάν
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Canaan, land or personal name.
- Occurrences
- 97
Targum Onkelos Torah
Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain
Coverage: Torah
Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.
וּבְנֵי חָם כּוּשׁ וּמִצְרַיִם וּפוּט וּכְנָעַן
6 word entries
וּבְנֵי
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בר
- Transliteration
- wbny
- Morphology
- prefixed conjunction ו + noun plural construct
- Gloss
- and sons, children of
- Occurrences
- 1211
חָם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חם
- Transliteration
- chm
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 6
כּוּשׁ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כוש
- Transliteration
- kwsh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 4
וּמִצְרַיִם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מצרים
- Transliteration
- wmtsrym
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 273
וּפוּט
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פוט
- Transliteration
- wpwt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
וּכְנָעַן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כנען
- Transliteration
- wkn'n
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 57
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܒܢ̈ܝ ܚܡ. ܟܘܫ ܘܡܨܪܝܡ. ܘܦܘܛ ܘܟܢܥܢ.
6 word entries
ܘܒܢ̈ܝ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WBN"J
- Morphology
- W-BN/J
- Occurrences
- 0
ܚܡ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- XM
- Morphology
- XM=/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܟܘܫ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- KWC
- Morphology
- KWC/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܘܡܨܪܝܡ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WMYRJM
- Morphology
- W-MYRJ(N&M/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܘܦܘܛ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WPWV
- Morphology
- W-PWV/
- Occurrences
- 0
ܘܟܢܥܢ
- Confidence
- medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
- Note
- OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
- Transliteration
- WKN<N
- Morphology
- W-KN<N/
- Occurrences
- 0
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Filii autem Cham: Chus, et Mesraim, et Phuth, et Chanaan.
10 word entries
filii
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- filius
- Transliteration
- filii
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 5067
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
Ham
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- Ham
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 4646
Chus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Chus
- Transliteration
- Chus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 6
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Mesraim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Mesrai
- Transliteration
- Mesraim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 4
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Fut
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fut
- Transliteration
- Fut
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 1
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Chanaan
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Chanaan
- Transliteration
- Chanaan
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 98
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Psalms 78:51
And He smiteth every first-born in Egypt, The first-fruit of the strong in tents of Ham.
2 relevance votesJeremiah 46:9
Go up, ye horses; and boast yourselves, ye chariots, And go forth, ye mighty, Cush and Phut handling the shield, And Lud handling — treading the bow.
2 relevance votesGenesis 9:22
And Ham, father of Canaan, seeth the nakedness of his father, and declareth to his two brethren without.
2 relevance votes1 Chronicles 4:40
and they find pasture, fat and good, and the land broad of sides, and quiet, and safe, for of Ham are those dwelling there before.
2 relevance votesPsalms 105:27
They have set among them the matters of His signs, And wonders in the land of Ham.
2 relevance votesEzekiel 27:10
Persian and Lud and Phut Have been in thy forces — thy men of war. Shield and helmet they hung up in thee, They — they have given out thine honour.
2 relevance votesPsalms 106:22
Of wonderful things in the land of Ham, Of fearful things by the sea of Suph.
2 relevance votesPsalms 105:23
And Israel cometh in to Egypt, And Jacob hath sojourned in the land of Ham.
2 relevance votesIsaiah 11:11
And it hath come to pass, in that day, The Lord addeth a second time his power, To get the remnant of His people that is left, From Asshur, and from Egypt, And from Pathros, and from Cush, And from Elam, and from Shinar, And from Hamath, and from isles of the sea,
2 relevance votes