3 and the Beerothites flee to Gittaim, and are there sojourners unto this day.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Samuel 4:3. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
54
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וַיִּבְרְח֥וּ הַבְּאֵרֹתִ֖ים גִּתָּ֑יְמָה וַֽיִּהְיוּ־שָׁ֣ם גָּרִ֔ים עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ ס
9 word entries
וַיִּבְרְח֥וּ
הַבְּאֵרֹתִ֖ים
גִּתָּ֑יְמָה
וַֽיִּהְיוּ
גָּרִ֔ים
עַ֖ד
הַיּ֥וֹם
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ἀπέδρασαν οἱ Βηρωθαῖοι εἰς Γεθαὶμ, καὶ ἦσαν ἐκεῖ παροικοῦντες ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης.
14 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἀπέδρασαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἀπέδρασαν
- Transliteration
- apedrasan
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
οἱ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
Βηρωθαῖοι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- βηρωθαῖοι
- Transliteration
- berothaioi
- Morphology
- nominative plural masculine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
εἰς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰς
- Transliteration
- eis
- Morphology
- preposition with accusative
- Gloss
- into, to, for
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
- Occurrences
- 6787
Γεθαὶμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- Γεθαὶμ
- Transliteration
- gethaim
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Γεθαὶμ
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἦσαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰμί
- Transliteration
- esan
- Morphology
- verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural
- Gloss
- they were
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To be or exist.
- Strong's
- G1510
- Occurrences
- 5427
ἐκεῖ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐκεῖ
- Transliteration
- ekei
- Morphology
- adverb
- Gloss
- there
- Part of Speech
- adverb
- Definition
- There, in that place.
- Occurrences
- 751
παροικοῦντες
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- παροικοῦντες
- Transliteration
- paroikoyntes
- Morphology
- present active participle, nominative masculine plural contracted pattern
- Gloss
- doing ...
- Part of Speech
- participle
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἕως
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἕως
- Transliteration
- heos
- Morphology
- preposition/conjunction
- Gloss
- until, as far as
- Part of Speech
- preposition/conjunction
- Definition
- Temporal or spatial marker.
- Occurrences
- 1413
τῆς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἡμέρας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἡμέρα
- Transliteration
- hemera
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- day
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Day.
- Occurrences
- 2366
ταύτης
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- οὗτος
- Transliteration
- houtos
- Morphology
- demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- this one
- Part of Speech
- demonstrative pronoun
- Definition
- This, these.
- Occurrences
- 3767
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܥܪܩܘ ܒܪ̈ܘܬܝܐ ܠܓܬܝܡ ܘܗܘܘ ܬܡܢ ܥܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ
8 word entries
ܘܥܪܩܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܥܪܩܘ
- Transliteration
- w'rqw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 47
ܒܪ̈ܘܬܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܪܘܬܝܐ
- Transliteration
- brwty'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 3
ܠܓܬܝܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܓܬܝܡ
- Transliteration
- lgtym
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܘܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- whww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 114
ܬܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܡܢ
- Transliteration
- tmn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 459
ܥܡܘܪ̈ܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܡܘܪܐ
- Transliteration
- 'mwr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 43
ܥܕܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܕܡܐ
- Transliteration
- 'dm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 606
ܠܝܘܡܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܝܘܡܢܐ
- Transliteration
- lywmn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 56
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וַעֲרַקוּ אֱנַשׁ בְּאֵרוֹת לְגִתָּיִם וַהֲווֹ תַמָן דַיָרִין עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין׃
10 word entries
וַעֲרַקוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ערקו
- Transliteration
- w'rqw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 17
אֱנַשׁ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אנש
- Transliteration
- 'nsh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 341
בְּאֵרוֹת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארות
- Transliteration
- b'rwt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 5
לְגִתָּיִם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גתים
- Transliteration
- lgtym
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
וַהֲווֹ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הוו
- Transliteration
- whww
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 399
תַמָן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תמן
- Transliteration
- tmn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 618
דַיָרִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ירין
- Transliteration
- dyryn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 9
עַד
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עד
- Transliteration
- 'd
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 885
יוֹמָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- יום
- Transliteration
- ywm'
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- day
- Occurrences
- 899
הָדֵין׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- הדין
- Transliteration
- hdyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 604
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et fugerunt Berothitæ in Gethaim, fueruntque ibi advenæ usque ad tempus illud.
13 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
fugerunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fugio
- Transliteration
- fugerunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 351
Berothitae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Berothitae
- Transliteration
- Berothitae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 3
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
Getthaim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Gethnaim
- Transliteration
- Getthaim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 2
fueruntque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- fueruntque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
{fueruntque}
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- que
- Transliteration
- {fueruntque}
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4392
ibi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ibi
- Transliteration
- ibi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 517
advenae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aduena
- Transliteration
- advenae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 81
usque
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- usque
- Transliteration
- usque
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 1221
in
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- in
- Transliteration
- in
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Gloss
- in
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- in, into, among, on
- Etymology
- Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
- Occurrences
- 22264
tempus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tempus
- Transliteration
- tempus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 761
illud
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illud
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Nehemiah 11:33
Hazor, Ramah, Gittaim,
5 relevance votes1 Samuel 31:7
And they see — the men of Israel, who [are] beyond the valley, and who [are] beyond the Jordan — that the men of Israel have fled, and that Saul and his sons have died, and they forsake the cities and flee, and Philistines come in, and dwell in them.
3 relevance votes