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Young's Literal Translation

2 Chronicles 36

Young's Literal Translation, Verse 14

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¹⁴ Also, all the heads of the priests, and the people, having multiplied to commit a trespass according to all the abominations of the nations, and they defile the house of Jehovah that He hath sanctified in Jerusalem.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to 2 Chronicles 36:14. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 105

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

גַּ֠ם כָּל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים וְהָעָם֙ הִרְבּ֣וּ לִמְעָול־מַ֔עַל כְּכֹ֖ל תֹּעֲב֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽיְטַמְּאוּ֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִקְדִּ֖ישׁ בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃

18 word entries

גַּ֠ם

Lemma: 1571
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1571
Occurrences: 508

כָּל

Lemma: 3605
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 3268

שָׂרֵ֨י

Lemma: 8269
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8269
Occurrences: 272

הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים

Lemma: d/3548
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3548
Occurrences: 537

וְהָעָם֙

Lemma: c/d/5971 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5971
Occurrences: 43

הִרְבּ֣וּ

Lemma: 7235 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7235
Occurrences: 151

לִמְעָול

Lemma: l/4603
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4603
Occurrences: 5

מַ֔עַל

Lemma: 4603
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4603
Occurrences: 23

כְּכֹ֖ל

Lemma: k/3605
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 125

תֹּעֲב֣וֹת

Lemma: 8441
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8441
Occurrences: 75

הַגּוֹיִ֑ם

Lemma: d/1471 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H1471
Occurrences: 204

וַֽיְטַמְּאוּ֙

Lemma: c/2930 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb piel sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H2930
Occurrences: 52

אֶת

Lemma: 853
Morphology: Hebrew: particle direct object marker
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H853
Occurrences: 8730

בֵּ֣ית

Lemma: 1004 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1004
Occurrences: 1121

יְהוָ֔ה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

אֲשֶׁ֥ר

Lemma: 834 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle relative
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H834
Occurrences: 4808

הִקְדִּ֖ישׁ

Lemma: 6942
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6942
Occurrences: 84

בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם

Lemma: b/3389
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3389
Occurrences: 169

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ πάντες οἱ ἔνδοξοι Ἰούδα, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς, καὶ ὁ λαὸς τῆς γῆς ἐπλήθυναν τοῦ ἀθετῆσαι ἀθετήματα βδελυγμάτων ἐθνῶν, καὶ ἐμίαναν τὸν οἶκον Κυρίου τὸν ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ.

27 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πάντες

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἔνδοξοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἔνδοξοι
Transliteration: endoxoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Ἰούδα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰούδα
Transliteration: Iouda
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Judah, Judas
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Judah/Judas depending on context.
Occurrences: 692

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἱερεῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἱερεύς
Transliteration: hiereis
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative plural
Gloss: priests
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Priest.
Occurrences: 817

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

λαὸς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λαός
Transliteration: laos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: people
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: People, nation, or community.
Occurrences: 1841

τῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

γῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γῆ
Transliteration: ges
Morphology: noun, feminine genitive singular
Gloss: of earth, of land
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Earth, ground, or land.
Strong's: G1093
Occurrences: 2962

ἐπλήθυναν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἐπλήθυναν
Transliteration: eplethynan
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἐπλήθυναν
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 11

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀθετῆσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀθετῆσαι
Transliteration: athetesai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἀθετήματα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀθετήματα
Transliteration: athetemata
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

βδελυγμάτων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: βδελυγμάτων
Transliteration: bdelygmaton
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 16

ἐθνῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔθνος
Transliteration: ethnos
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: nation, people
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Nation, people, Gentile group, or ethnic body.
Occurrences: 917

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐμίαναν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐμίαναν
Transliteration: emianan
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

τὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

οἶκον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οἶκος
Transliteration: oikos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: house, household
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: House, household, or temple.
Occurrences: 1831

Κυρίου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

τὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

Ἱερουσαλήμ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἱερουσαλήμ
Transliteration: Ierousalem
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Jerusalem
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Jerusalem.
Occurrences: 763

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܦ ܩܫܝ̈ܫܐ ܕܟܗ̈ܢܐ ܘܕܠܘ̈ܝܐ ܘܕܥܡܐ ܐܣܓܝܘ ܠܡܟܕܒܘ ܟܕܒܘܬܐ ܐܝܟ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܥ̇ܒ̈ܕܐ ܕܥܡ̈ܡܐ ܘܛܡܐܘ ܒܝܬܗ ܕܡܪܝܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܕܒܐܘܪܫܠܡ

17 word entries

ܘܐܦ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܦ
Transliteration: w'p
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 323

ܩܫܝ̈ܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܫܝܫܐ
Transliteration: qshysh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 57

ܕܟܗ̈ܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܟܗܢܐ
Transliteration: dkhn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 33

ܘܕܠܘ̈ܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܕܠܘܝܐ
Transliteration: wdlwy'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 13

ܘܕܥܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܕܥܡܐ
Transliteration: wd'm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܐܣܓܝܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܣܓܝܘ
Transliteration: 'sgyw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

ܠܡܟܕܒܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܟܕܒܘ
Transliteration: lmkdbw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 3

ܟܕܒܘܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܕܒܘܬܐ
Transliteration: kdbwt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 10

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܟܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: klhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 719

ܥ̇ܒ̈ܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܒܕܐ
Transliteration: 'bd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 209

ܕܥܡ̈ܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܥܡܡܐ
Transliteration: d'mm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 112

ܘܛܡܐܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܛܡܐܘ
Transliteration: wtm'w
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܒܝܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܝܬܗ
Transliteration: byth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 145

ܕܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: dmry'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1345

ܩܕܝܫܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܕܝܫܐ
Transliteration: qdysh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 120

ܕܒܐܘܪܫܠܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܒܐܘܪܫܠܡ
Transliteration: db'wrshlm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 37

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וּלְחוֹד כָּל רַבְרְבֵי כַּהֲנַיָא וְעַמָא אַסְגִיעוּ לְשַׁקָרָא שְׁקַר הֵי כְּכָל תּוֹעֲבָתָא רִיחוּק עַמְמַיָא וְסָאִיבוּ יַת בֵּית מַקְדְשָׁא דַייָ דְאַקְדֵישׁ בִּירוּשְׁלֵם׃

20 word entries

וּלְחוֹד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לחוד
Transliteration: wlchwd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 14

כָּל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: כל
Transliteration: kl
Morphology: collective noun/adjective
Gloss: all, every
Occurrences: 2135

רַבְרְבֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רברבי
Transliteration: rbrby
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 84

כַּהֲנַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הניא
Transliteration: khny'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 159

וְעַמָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: w'm'
Morphology: prefixed conjunction ו + noun masculine singular emphatic
Gloss: and people
Occurrences: 1754

אַסְגִיעוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אסגיעו
Transliteration: 'sgy'w
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

לְשַׁקָרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שקרא
Transliteration: lshqr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 195

שְׁקַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שקר
Transliteration: shqr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 132

הֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הי
Transliteration: hy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 67

כְּכָל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ככל
Transliteration: kkl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 84

תּוֹעֲבָתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תועבתא
Transliteration: tw'bt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 16

רִיחוּק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ריחוק
Transliteration: rychwq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 3

עַמְמַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עממיא
Transliteration: 'mmy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 635

וְסָאִיבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סאיבו
Transliteration: ws'ybw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

יַת

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ית
Transliteration: yt
Morphology: accusative/direct object marker
Gloss: direct object marker
Occurrences: 4303

בֵּית

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בית
Transliteration: byt
Morphology: noun construct/absolute
Gloss: house, household
Occurrences: 2611

מַקְדְשָׁא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קדשא
Transliteration: mqdsh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 420

דַייָ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דיי
Transliteration: dyy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1761

דְאַקְדֵישׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אקדיש
Transliteration: d'qdysh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 10

בִּירוּשְׁלֵם׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ירושלם
Transliteration: byrwshlm
Morphology: prefixed preposition ב + proper noun
Gloss: in/with Jerusalem
Occurrences: 642

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Sed et universi principes sacerdotum et populus prævaricati sunt inique juxta universas abominationes gentium, et polluerunt domum Domini quam sanctificaverat sibi in Jerusalem.

23 word entries

sed

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sed
Transliteration: sed
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1637

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

universi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uniuersus
Transliteration: universi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 889

principes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: princeps
Transliteration: principes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 830

sacerdotum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sacerdos
Transliteration: sacerdotum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 777

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

populus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: populus
Transliteration: populus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 2030

praevaricati

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: praeuaricor
Transliteration: praevaricati
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 46

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

inique

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inique
Transliteration: inique
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 31

iuxta

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iuxta
Transliteration: iuxta
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 593

universas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uniuersus
Transliteration: universas
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 889

abominationes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: abominatio
Transliteration: abominationes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 97

gentium

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: gens
Transliteration: gentium
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 873

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

polluerunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: polluo
Transliteration: polluerunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 146

domum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: domus
Transliteration: domum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1989

Domini

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Domini
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

quam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: quam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

sanctificaverat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sanctifico
Transliteration: sanctificaverat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 242

sibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sui
Transliteration: sibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 1317

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Hierusalem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Hierosolyma
Transliteration: Hierusalem
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 852

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Daniel 9:8

'O Lord, to us [is] the shame of face, to our kings, to our heads, and to our fathers, in that we have sinned against Thee.

3 relevance votes

Ezekiel 22:6

Lo, princes of Israel — each according to his arm Have been in thee to shed blood.

3 relevance votes

2 Chronicles 28:3

and himself hath made perfume in the valley of the son of Hinnom, and burneth his sons with fire according to the abominations of the nations that Jehovah dispossessed from the presence of the sons of Israel,

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 38:4

And the heads say unto the king, 'Let, we pray thee, this man be put to death, because that he is making feeble the hands of the men of war, who are left in this city, and the hands of all the people, by speaking unto them according to these words, for this man is not seeking for the peace of this people, but for its evil.'

2 relevance votes

2 Chronicles 33:9

And Manasseh maketh Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem to err, to do evil above the nations that Jehovah destroyed from the presence of the sons of Israel.

2 relevance votes

Micah 7:2

Perished hath the kind out of the land, And upright among men — there are none, All of them for blood lie in wait, Each his brother they hunt [with] a net.

2 relevance votes

Daniel 9:6

and we have not hearkened unto Thy servants, the prophets, who have spoken in Thy name unto our kings, our heads, and our fathers, and to all the people of the land.

2 relevance votes

Ezra 9:7

'From the days of our fathers we [are] in great guilt unto this day, and in our iniquities we have been given — we, our kings, our priests — into the hand of the kings of the lands, with sword, with captivity, and with spoiling, and with shame of face, as [at] this day.

2 relevance votes

Jeremiah 5:5

I get me to the great, and I speak with them, For they have known the way of Jehovah, The judgment of their God.' Surely they together have broken the yoke, They have drawn away the bands.

2 relevance votes

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