1 A man who isolates himself pursues selfishness, and defies all sound judgment.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Proverbs 18:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
42
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
לְֽ֭תַאֲוָה יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ נִפְרָ֑ד בְּכָל־תּ֝וּשִׁיָּ֗ה יִתְגַּלָּֽע׃
6 word entries
לְֽ֭תַאֲוָה
יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ
נִפְרָ֑ד
בְּכָל
תּ֝וּשִׁיָּ֗ה
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Προφάσεις ζητεῖ ἀνὴρ βουλόμενος χωρίζεσθαι ἀπὸ φίλων, ἐν παντὶ δὲ καιρῷ ἐπονείδιστος ἔσται.
13 word entries
Προφάσεις
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- προφάσεις
- Transliteration
- prophaseis
- Morphology
- Greek -εις form; likely verb 2nd singular or plural noun/adjective depending on context
- Gloss
- form requires context
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
ζητεῖ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ζητεῖ
- Transliteration
- zetei
- Morphology
- dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 21
ἀνὴρ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀνήρ
- Transliteration
- aner
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- man, husband
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Man, male, husband.
- Occurrences
- 1573
βουλόμενος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- βουλόμενος
- Transliteration
- boylomenos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 9
χωρίζεσθαι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- χωρίζεσθαι
- Transliteration
- chorizesthai
- Morphology
- nominative plural feminine or infinitive/verb form depending on context
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective/verb form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ἀπὸ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀπό
- Transliteration
- apo
- Morphology
- preposition with genitive
- Gloss
- from, away from
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
- Occurrences
- 3869
φίλων
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- φίλων
- Transliteration
- philon
- Morphology
- Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
- Gloss
- of ... / being ...
- Part of Speech
- participle/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 34
ἐν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐν
- Transliteration
- en
- Morphology
- preposition with dative
- Gloss
- in, among, with
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Preposition commonly taking the dative.
- Strong's
- G1722
- Occurrences
- 13086
παντὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πᾶς
- Transliteration
- pas
- Morphology
- adjective, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- all, every
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Definition
- All, every, whole.
- Occurrences
- 6138
δὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- δέ
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- postpositive conjunction/particle
- Gloss
- but, and, now
- Part of Speech
- conjunction/particle
- Definition
- Postpositive connective conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 4634
καιρῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καιρός
- Transliteration
- kairo
- Morphology
- noun, masculine dative singular
- Gloss
- time, season
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Time, season, or appointed moment.
- Occurrences
- 329
ἐπονείδιστος
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐπονείδιστος
- Transliteration
- eponeidistos
- Morphology
- nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
ἔσται
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- εἰμί
- Transliteration
- estai
- Morphology
- verb, future middle indicative, 3rd singular
- Gloss
- he/she/it will be
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To be or exist.
- Strong's
- G1510
- Occurrences
- 5427
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܒܫܬܝܩܘܬܗ ܪܢܐ ܒܪܓܬܐ ܘܡܡܝܩ ܒܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܛܒܐ
6 word entries
ܘܒܫܬܝܩܘܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܫܬܝܩܘܬܗ
- Transliteration
- wbshtyqwth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܪܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܢܐ
- Transliteration
- rn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 9
ܒܪܓܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܪܓܬܐ
- Transliteration
- brgt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܘܡܡܝܩ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܡܝܩ
- Transliteration
- wmmyq
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܒܝܘܠܦܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܝܘܠܦܢܐ
- Transliteration
- bywlpn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܛܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܛܒܐ
- Transliteration
- tb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 113
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
רִגְתָא בָּעֵי פָּחְיָה וּבְכָל מַלְכָנָא מִצְטְדֵי׃
6 word entries
רִגְתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רגתא
- Transliteration
- rgt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 6
בָּעֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בעי
- Transliteration
- b'y
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 52
פָּחְיָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פחיה
- Transliteration
- pchyh
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 1
וּבְכָל
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בכל
- Transliteration
- wbkl
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 382
מַלְכָנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לכנא
- Transliteration
- mlkn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 5
מִצְטְדֵי׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- צטדי
- Transliteration
- mtstdy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
[Occasiones quærit qui vult recedere ab amico: omni tempore erit exprobrabilis.
11 word entries
occasiones
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- occasio
- Transliteration
- occasiones
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 16
quaerit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quaero
- Transliteration
- quaerit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 420
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
vult
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uolo
- Transliteration
- vult
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 538
recedere
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- recedo
- Transliteration
- recedere
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 217
ab
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- ab
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
amico
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- amicus
- Transliteration
- amico
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 220
omni
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omni
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
tempore
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tempus
- Transliteration
- tempore
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 761
erit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- erit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
exprobrabilis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- exprobrabilis
- Transliteration
- exprobrabilis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Proverbs 20:3
It is an honor for a man to keep aloof from strife, but every fool will be quarreling.
12 relevance votesJeremiah 15:17
I didn’t sit in the assembly of those who make merry and rejoice. I sat alone because of your hand, for you have filled me with indignation.
11 relevance votesProverbs 24:21
My son, fear the LORD and the king. Don’t join those who are rebellious,
10 relevance votesJude 1:19
These are those who cause divisions and are sensual, not having the Spirit.
9 relevance votesMark 1:35
Early in the morning, while it was still dark, he rose up and went out, and departed into a deserted place, and prayed there.
8 relevance votesProverbs 14:10
The heart knows its own bitterness and joy; he will not share these with a stranger.
7 relevance votesExodus 33:16
For how would people know that I have found favor in your sight, I and your people? Isn’t it that you go with us, so that we are separated, I and your people, from all the people who are on the surface of the earth?”
6 relevance votesProverbs 26:17
Like one who grabs a dog’s ears is one who passes by and meddles in a quarrel not his own.
6 relevance votesMatthew 13:44
“Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like treasure hidden in the field, which a man found and hid. In his joy, he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.
6 relevance votesProverbs 17:14
The beginning of strife is like breaching a dam, therefore stop contention before quarreling breaks out.
5 relevance votesMatthew 13:11
He answered them, “To you it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of Heaven, but it is not given to them.
4 relevance votesProverbs 20:19
He who goes about as a tale-bearer reveals secrets; therefore don’t keep company with him who opens wide his lips.
4 relevance votes