Zechariah 7

Webster's Bible, Verse 11

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¹¹ But they refused to hearken, and withdrew the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they should not hear.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Zechariah 7:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 55

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ כָתֵ֖ף סֹרָ֑רֶת וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃

8 word entries

וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ

Lemma: c/3985
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb piel sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3985
Occurrences: 15

לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב

Lemma: l/7181
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb hiphil infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7181
Occurrences: 4

וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ

Lemma: c/5414
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5414
Occurrences: 746

כָתֵ֖ף

Lemma: 3802
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3802
Occurrences: 46

סֹרָ֑רֶת

Lemma: 5637
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5637
Occurrences: 15

וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם

Lemma: c/241
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common feminine dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H241
Occurrences: 14

הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ

Lemma: 3513
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3513
Occurrences: 80

מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ

Lemma: m/8085
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8085
Occurrences: 9

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἠπείθησαν τοῦ προσέχειν, καὶ ἔδωκαν νῶτον παραφρονοῦντα, καὶ τὰ ὦτα αὐτῶν ἐβάρυναν τοῦ μὴ εἰσακούειν.

16 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἠπείθησαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἠπείθησαν
Transliteration: epeithesan
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: were ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

προσέχειν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: προσέχειν
Transliteration: prosechein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἔδωκαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίδωμι
Transliteration: edokan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they gave
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To give.
Occurrences: 1384

νῶτον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: νῶτον
Transliteration: noton
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

παραφρονοῦντα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: παραφρονοῦντα
Transliteration: paraphronoynta
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὦτα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὖς
Transliteration: ous
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: ear
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Ear.
Occurrences: 115

αὐτῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἐβάρυναν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐβάρυναν
Transliteration: ebarynan
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

μὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μή
Transliteration: me
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not, lest
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle commonly used with non-indicative moods.
Occurrences: 2979

εἰσακούειν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εἰσακούειν
Transliteration: eisakoyein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 11

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܠܐ ܨܒܘ ܠܡܫܡܥܢܝ ܘܥܒܕܘ ܟܬܦܗܘܢ ܡܪܘܕܬܐ ܘܐ̈ܕܢܝܗܘܢ ܣܟܪܘ ܕܠܐ ܢܫܡܥܘܢ

10 word entries

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܨܒܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܨܒܘ
Transliteration: sbw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 38

ܠܡܫܡܥܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܫܡܥܢܝ
Transliteration: lmshm'ny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܘܥܒܕܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܥܒܕܘ
Transliteration: w'bdw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 96

ܟܬܦܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܬܦܗܘܢ
Transliteration: ktphwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 2

ܡܪܘܕܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܪܘܕܬܐ
Transliteration: mrwdt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 4

ܘܐ̈ܕܢܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܕܢܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: w'dnyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

ܣܟܪܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܟܪܘ
Transliteration: skrw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܐ
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1157

ܢܫܡܥܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܫܡܥܘܢ
Transliteration: nshm'wn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 14

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְסָרִיבוּ לְקַבְּלָא וִיהָבוּ כַתְפֵיהוֹן מָרִיד וְאוּדְנֵיהוֹן יַקִירוּ מִלְמִשְׁמַע׃

8 word entries

וְסָרִיבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סריבו
Transliteration: wsrybw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 17

לְקַבְּלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קבלא
Transliteration: lqbl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 104

וִיהָבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יהבו
Transliteration: wyhbw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 66

כַתְפֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תפיהון
Transliteration: ktpyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

מָרִיד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ריד
Transliteration: mryd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 4

וְאוּדְנֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אודניהון
Transliteration: w'wdnyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

יַקִירוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקירו
Transliteration: yqyrw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

מִלְמִשְׁמַע׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: למשמע
Transliteration: mlmshm'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 7

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et noluerunt attendere, et averterunt scapulam recedentem, et aures suas aggravaverunt ne audirent.

13 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

noluerunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nolo
Transliteration: noluerunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 620

adtendere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: attendo
Transliteration: adtendere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 75

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

verterunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uerto
Transliteration: verterunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 101

scapulam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: scapula
Transliteration: scapulam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 7

recedentem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: recedo
Transliteration: recedentem
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 217

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

aures

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: auris
Transliteration: aures
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 212

suas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suas
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

adgravaverunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aggrauo
Transliteration: adgravaverunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 19

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ne
Transliteration: ne
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1109

audirent

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: audio
Transliteration: audirent
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1534

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Nehemiah 9:29

And testifiedst against them, that thou mightest bring them again to thy law: yet they dealt proudly, and hearkened not to thy commandments, but sinned against thy judgments, (which if a man doeth, he shall live in them:) and withdrew the shoulder, and hardened their neck, and would not hear.

9 relevance votes

Jeremiah 8:5

Why then hath this people of Jerusalem slidden back by a perpetual backsliding? they hold fast deceit, they refuse to return.

4 relevance votes

Hosea 4:16

For Israel slideth back as a backsliding heifer: now the LORD will feed them as a lamb in a large place.

4 relevance votes

Zechariah 1:4

Be ye not as your fathers, to whom the former prophets have cried, saying, Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Turn ye now from your evil ways, and from your evil doings: but they did not hear, nor hearken to me, saith the LORD.

3 relevance votes

Ezekiel 3:7

But the house of Israel will not hearken to thee; for they will not hearken to me: for all the house of Israel are impudent and hard-hearted.

3 relevance votes

Jeremiah 35:15

I have sent also to you all my servants the prophets, rising early and sending them , saying, Return ye now every man from his evil way, and amend your doings, and go not after other gods to serve them, and ye shall dwell in the land which I have given to you and to your fathers: but ye have not inclined your ear, nor hearkened to me.

3 relevance votes

Acts 7:57

Then they cried out with a loud voice, and stopped their ears, and ran upon him with one accord,

3 relevance votes

Nehemiah 9:17

And refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst perform among them; but hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage: but thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and forsookest them not.

2 relevance votes

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Zechariah 7

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Nehemiah 9:29

Jeremiah 8:5

Hosea 4:16

Zechariah 1:4

Ezekiel 3:7

Jeremiah 35:15

Acts 7:57

Nehemiah 9:17

Jeremiah 7:24

Jeremiah 44:16

2 Chronicles 33:10

Jeremiah 17:23