31 And the second is like, namely this, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself: there is no other commandment greater than these.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Mark 12:31. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
59
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καὶ δευτέρα ὁμοία αὕτη, Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν. Μείζων τούτων ἄλλη ἐντολὴ οὐκ ἔστι.
16 word entries
Καὶ
δευτέρα
ὁμοία
αὕτη
Ἀγαπήσεις
τὸν
πλησίον
σου
ὡς
σεαυτόν
Μείζων
τούτων
ἄλλη
ἐντολὴ
οὐκ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
δευτέρα αὕτη· ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν. μείζων τούτων ἄλλη ἐντολὴ οὐκ ἔστιν.
14 word entries
τὸν
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܕܬܪܝܢ ܕܕܡܐ ܠܗ ܕܬܚܒ ܠܩܪܝܒܟ ܐܝܟ ܢܦܫܟ ܦܘܩܕܢܐ ܐܚܪܢܐ ܕܪܒ ܡܢ ܗܠܝܢ ܠܝܬ
13 word entries
ܘܕܬܪܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܬܪܝܢ
- Transliteration
- wdtryn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
ܕܕܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܕܡܐ
- Transliteration
- ddm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 9
ܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗ
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1592
ܕܬܚܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܚܒ
- Transliteration
- dthb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܩܪܝܒܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܩܪܝܒܟ
- Transliteration
- lqrybk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 8
ܐܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܝܟ
- Transliteration
- 'yk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 681
ܢܦܫܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܦܫܟ
- Transliteration
- npshk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 39
ܦܘܩܕܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܘܩܕܢܐ
- Transliteration
- pwqdn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 49
ܐܚܪܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܚܪܢܐ
- Transliteration
- 'hrn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 120
ܕܪܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܪܒ
- Transliteration
- drb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 28
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܗܠܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܠܝܢ
- Transliteration
- hlyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 451
ܠܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܝܬ
- Transliteration
- lyt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 129
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Secundum autem simile est illi: Diliges proximum tuum tamquam teipsum. Majus horum aliud mandatum non est.
16 word entries
secundum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- secundum
- Transliteration
- secundum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 529
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
simile
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- similis
- Transliteration
- simile
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 199
illi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
diliges
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- diligo
- Transliteration
- diliges
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 338
proximum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- proximum
- Transliteration
- proximum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 37
tuum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tuus
- Transliteration
- tuum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5615
tamquam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tamquam
- Transliteration
- tamquam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 176
te
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tu
- Transliteration
- te
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4602
ipsum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ipse
- Transliteration
- ipsum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2134
maius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- magnus
- Transliteration
- maius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 1017
horum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- horum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
aliud
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- alius
- Transliteration
- aliud
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 577
mandatum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- mandatum
- Transliteration
- mandatum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 242
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Matthew 22:39
And the second is like it, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.
51 relevance votesLeviticus 19:18
Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself; I am the LORD.
41 relevance votesLuke 10:27
And he answering said, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind; and thy neighbor as thyself.
39 relevance votesMatthew 7:12
Therefore all things whatever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.
24 relevance votesGalatians 5:14
For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.
21 relevance votes1 John 4:21
And this commandment have we from him, That he who loveth God, love his brother also.
19 relevance votesLeviticus 19:13
Thou shalt not defraud thy neighbor, neither rob him : the wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee all night until the morning.
9 relevance votes