Lamentations 4

Webster's Bible, Verse 2

Show original chapter

² The precious sons of Zion, comparable to fine gold, how are they esteemed as earthen pitchers, the work of the hands of the potter!

View Study Below

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Lamentations 4:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 96

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

בְּנֵ֤י צִיּוֹן֙ הַיְקָרִ֔ים הַמְסֻלָּאִ֖ים בַּפָּ֑ז אֵיכָ֤ה נֶחְשְׁבוּ֙ לְנִבְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶשׂ מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יְדֵ֥י יוֹצֵֽר׃ ס

12 word entries

בְּנֵ֤י

Lemma: 1121 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1121
Occurrences: 4020

צִיּוֹן֙

Lemma: 6726
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H6726
Occurrences: 107

הַיְקָרִ֔ים

Lemma: d/3368
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + adjective
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3368
Occurrences: 1

הַמְסֻלָּאִ֖ים

Lemma: d/5537
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + verb pual participle passive
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H5537
Occurrences: 1

בַּפָּ֑ז

Lemma: b/6337
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6337
Occurrences: 1

אֵיכָ֤ה

Lemma: 349 b
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H349
Occurrences: 17

נֶחְשְׁבוּ֙

Lemma: 2803
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2803
Occurrences: 94

לְנִבְלֵי

Lemma: l/5035 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5035
Occurrences: 1

חֶ֔רֶשׂ

Lemma: 2789
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2789
Occurrences: 16

מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה

Lemma: 4639
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4639
Occurrences: 158

יְדֵ֥י

Lemma: 3027
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender dual construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3027
Occurrences: 747

יוֹצֵֽר

Lemma: 3335
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3335
Occurrences: 37

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

ΒΗΘ. Οἱ υἱοὶ Σιὼν οἱ τίμιοι, οἱ ἐπῃρμένοι ἐν χρυσίῳ, πῶς ἐλογίσθησαν εἰς ἀγγεῖα ὀστράκινα, ἔργα χειρῶν κεραμέως;

18 word entries

ΒΗΘ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ΒΗΘ
Transliteration: beth
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: ΒΗΘ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

υἱοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: υἱός
Transliteration: huios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: son
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Son, descendant, or member of a group.
Occurrences: 4805

Σιὼν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Σιών
Transliteration: Sion
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Zion
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Zion.
Occurrences: 181

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

τίμιοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: τίμιοι
Transliteration: timioi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἐπῃρμένοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐπῃρμένοι
Transliteration: epermenoi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

χρυσίῳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: χρυσίον
Transliteration: chrysion
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: gold
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Gold.
Occurrences: 279

πῶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πῶς
Transliteration: pos
Morphology: interrogative adverb
Gloss: how?
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: Interrogative adverb meaning how.
Occurrences: 125

ἐλογίσθησαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐλογίσθησαν
Transliteration: elogisthesan
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: were ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

ἀγγεῖα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀγγεῖα
Transliteration: aggeia
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 9

ὀστράκινα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ὀστράκινα
Transliteration: ostrakina
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἔργα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἔργον
Transliteration: ergon
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: work, deed
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Work, deed, action, or task.
Occurrences: 527

χειρῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: χείρ
Transliteration: cheir
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: hand
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Hand or power.
Occurrences: 1718

κεραμέως

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κεραμέως
Transliteration: kerameos
Morphology: adverbial -ως form or perfect participle pattern depending on context
Gloss: ...ly / having ...
Part of Speech: adverb/participle form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒ̈ܢܝ ܨܗܝܘܢ ܝܩܝܪ̈ܐ ܕܡܝܬܪ̣̈ܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܡܢ ܟܐ̈ܦܐ ܛܒ̈ܬܐ̣. ܐ̣ܝܟܢܐ ܐܬܚܫ̣ܒܘ ܐܝܟ ܡܐܢܐ ܕܚܨܦܐ ܥ̇ܒܕ ܐ̈ܝܕܝܐ ܕܦܚܪܐ ܰ

17 word entries

ܒ̈ܢܝ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܒܢܝ
Transliteration: bnay
Morphology: noun, masculine construct plural
Gloss: sons, children of
Occurrences: 882

ܨܗܝܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܨܗܝܘܢ
Transliteration: shywn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 71

ܝܩܝܪ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܩܝܪܐ
Transliteration: yqyr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 12

ܕܡܝܬܪ̣̈ܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܡܝܬܪܝܢ
Transliteration: dmytryn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1

ܗܘܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܗܘܘ
Transliteration: hww
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 1064

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܟܐ̈ܦܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܐܦܐ
Transliteration: k'p'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 107

ܛܒ̈ܬܐ̣

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܒܬܐ
Transliteration: tbt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 169

ܐ̣ܝܟܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟܢܐ
Transliteration: 'ykn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 202

ܐܬܚܫ̣ܒܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܬܚܫܒܘ
Transliteration: 'thshbw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 24

ܐܝܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܟ
Transliteration: 'yk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2051

ܡܐܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܐܢܐ
Transliteration: m'n'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 123

ܕܚܨܦܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܚܨܦܐ
Transliteration: dhsp'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1

ܥ̇ܒܕ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܥܒܕ
Transliteration: abad
Morphology: verb root/form
Gloss: made, did, served
Occurrences: 334

ܐ̈ܝܕܝܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܝܕܝܐ
Transliteration: 'ydy'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 27

ܕܦܚܪܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܦܚܪܐ
Transliteration: dphr'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 10

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בְּנֵי צִיּוֹן יַקִּירִין דִמְתִילִין אִיקוּנֵיהוֹן לִדְּהַב טָב אֵיכְדֵין הֲווּ עַמְּמִין מְסַאֲבִין מָחֲתִין יַתְנוֹן מִלְקָבֵיל (ס"א בְּלִיקָבֵיל) עַרְסֵיהוֹן וּמִסְתַּכְּלִין בְּהוֹן בְּגִין דְּיֵלְדוּן נְשֵׁיהוֹן בְּנִין שַׁפָּרַיָּא כְּשׁוּפְרֵיהוֹן וְאִתְחַשְׁבוּ לְלָגִינִין דַחֲסַף עוֹבָדֵי יְדֵי פַחֲרָא׃

32 word entries

בְּנֵי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בר
Transliteration: bny
Morphology: noun plural construct
Gloss: sons, children of
Occurrences: 2734

צִיּוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ציון
Transliteration: tsywn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 154

יַקִּירִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקירין
Transliteration: yqyryn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

דִמְתִילִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מתילין
Transliteration: dmtylyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 25

אִיקוּנֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איקוניהון
Transliteration: 'yqwnyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

לִדְּהַב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דהב
Transliteration: ldhb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 59

טָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טב
Transliteration: tb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

אֵיכְדֵין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איכדין
Transliteration: 'ykdyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 67

הֲווּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הוו
Transliteration: hww
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 399

עַמְּמִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עממין
Transliteration: 'mmyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 116

מְסַאֲבִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סאבין
Transliteration: ms'byn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

מָחֲתִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חתין
Transliteration: mchtyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 11

יַתְנוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתנון
Transliteration: ytnwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 23

מִלְקָבֵיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לקביל
Transliteration: mlqbyl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 7

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ס
Transliteration: s
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 405

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: א
Transliteration: '
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 468

בְּלִיקָבֵיל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליקביל
Transliteration: blyqbyl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

עַרְסֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ערסיהון
Transliteration: 'rsyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

וּמִסְתַּכְּלִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מסתכלין
Transliteration: wmstklyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

בְּהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הון
Transliteration: bhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1262

בְּגִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גין
Transliteration: bgyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 102

דְּיֵלְדוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ילדון
Transliteration: dyldwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

נְשֵׁיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נשיהון
Transliteration: nshyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 18

בְּנִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נין
Transliteration: bnyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 161

שַׁפָּרַיָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שפריא
Transliteration: shpry'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

כְּשׁוּפְרֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שופריהון
Transliteration: kshwpryhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

וְאִתְחַשְׁבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתחשבו
Transliteration: w'tchshbw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

לְלָגִינִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לגינין
Transliteration: llgynyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

דַחֲסַף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חסף
Transliteration: dchsp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 7

עוֹבָדֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עובדי
Transliteration: 'wbdy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 86

יְדֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ידי
Transliteration: ydy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 126

פַחֲרָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פחרא
Transliteration: pchr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 9

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Beth Filii Sion inclyti, et amicti auro primo: quomodo reputati sunt in vasa testea, opus manuum figuli !

17 word entries

BETH

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Behh
Transliteration: BETH
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 3

filii

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: filius
Transliteration: filii
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 5067

Sion

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Sion
Transliteration: Sion
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 174

incliti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inclutus
Transliteration: incliti
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 25

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

amicti

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: amicio
Transliteration: amicti
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 21

auro

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aurum
Transliteration: auro
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 314

primo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: primo
Transliteration: primo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 31

quomodo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quomodo
Transliteration: quomodo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 284

reputati

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: reputo
Transliteration: reputati
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 66

sunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: sunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

vasa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uas
Transliteration: vasa
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 270

testea

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: testea
Transliteration: testea
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 2

opus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: opus
Transliteration: opus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 656

manuum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: manus
Transliteration: manuum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 1822

figuli

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: figulus
Transliteration: figuli
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 22

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Previous Chapter Previous Verse

Chapter 4 of 5 Verse 2 of 22

Next Chapter Next Verse

Lamentations 4

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Isaiah 30:14

Jeremiah 19:11

2 Timothy 2:20

2 Corinthians 4:7

Zechariah 9:13

Lamentations 5:12

Isaiah 51:18

Jeremiah 22:28

Lamentations 2:21