14 And shall say, Cast ye up, cast ye up, prepare the way, take up the stumbling-block out of the way of my people.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 57:14. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
64
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וְאָמַ֥ר סֹֽלּוּ־סֹ֖לּוּ פַּנּוּ־דָ֑רֶךְ הָרִ֥ימוּ מִכְשׁ֖וֹל מִדֶּ֥רֶךְ עַמִּֽי׃ ס
9 word entries
וְאָמַ֥ר
סֹֽלּוּ
סֹ֖לּוּ
פַּנּוּ
דָ֑רֶךְ
הָרִ֥ימוּ
מִכְשׁ֖וֹל
מִדֶּ֥רֶךְ
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Καὶ ἐροῦσι, καθαρίσατε ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ ὁδοὺς, καὶ ἄρατε σκῶλα ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ τοῦ λαοῦ μου.
16 word entries
Καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἐροῦσι
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- λέγω
- Transliteration
- erousi
- Morphology
- verb, future active indicative, 3rd plural
- Gloss
- they will say
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To say or speak.
- Occurrences
- 5490
καθαρίσατε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- καθαρίσατε
- Transliteration
- katharisate
- Morphology
- vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
- Gloss
- form requires context
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ἀπὸ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀπό
- Transliteration
- apo
- Morphology
- preposition with genitive
- Gloss
- from, away from
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
- Occurrences
- 3869
προσώπου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- πρόσωπον
- Transliteration
- prosopon
- Morphology
- noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
- Gloss
- face, presence
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Face, presence, person, or front.
- Occurrences
- 1170
αὐτοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
ὁδοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁδός
- Transliteration
- hodous
- Morphology
- noun, feminine accusative plural
- Gloss
- ways, roads
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Way, road, path, journey, or manner of life.
- Occurrences
- 701
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
ἄρατε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἄρατε
- Transliteration
- arate
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἄρατε
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 13
σκῶλα
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- σκῶλα
- Transliteration
- skola
- Morphology
- nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ἀπὸ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀπό
- Transliteration
- apo
- Morphology
- preposition with genitive
- Gloss
- from, away from
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
- Occurrences
- 3869
τῆς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ὁδοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁδός
- Transliteration
- hodou
- Morphology
- noun, feminine genitive singular
- Gloss
- of way, road
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Way, road, path, journey, or manner of life.
- Occurrences
- 701
τοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
λαοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- λαός
- Transliteration
- laos
- Morphology
- noun, masculine nominative singular
- Gloss
- people
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- People, nation, or community.
- Occurrences
- 1841
μου
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܢܐܡܪܘܢ ܫܦܘ ܫܦܘ ܦܢܘ ܐܘܪܚܐ ܘܐܪܝܡܘ ܬܘܩ̈ܠܬܐ ܡܢ ܐܘܪܚܗ ܕܥܡܝ
10 word entries
ܘܢܐܡܪܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܐܡܪܘܢ
- Transliteration
- wn'mrwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 50
ܫܦܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܦܘ
- Transliteration
- shpw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܫܦܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܦܘ
- Transliteration
- shpw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܦܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܢܘ
- Transliteration
- pnw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 4
ܐܘܪܚܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܘܪܚܐ
- Transliteration
- 'wrh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 134
ܘܐܪܝܡܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܪܝܡܘ
- Transliteration
- w'rymw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 10
ܬܘܩ̈ܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܬܘܩܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- twqlt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 10
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 5552
ܐܘܪܚܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܘܪܚܗ
- Transliteration
- 'wrhh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 46
ܕܥܡܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܡܝ
- Transliteration
- d'my
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 31
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וְיֵימַר אַלִיפוּ וְאַזְהָרוּ אַפְנוֹ לֵב עַמָא לְאוֹרַח תִּקָנָא סְלִיקוּ תַקְלַת רַשִׁיעַיָא מֵאוֹרַח כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְעַמִי׃
14 word entries
וְיֵימַר
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יימר
- Transliteration
- wyymr
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 73
אַלִיפוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אליפו
- Transliteration
- 'lypw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 20
וְאַזְהָרוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אזהרו
- Transliteration
- w'zhrw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
אַפְנוֹ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אפנו
- Transliteration
- 'pnw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
לֵב
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- לב
- Transliteration
- lb
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 34
עַמָא
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- עם
- Transliteration
- 'm'
- Morphology
- noun masculine singular emphatic
- Gloss
- people
- Occurrences
- 1754
לְאוֹרַח
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אורח
- Transliteration
- l'wrch
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 182
תִּקָנָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תקנא
- Transliteration
- tqn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 26
סְלִיקוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- סליקו
- Transliteration
- slyqw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 59
תַקְלַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תקלת
- Transliteration
- tqlt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 9
רַשִׁיעַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- רשיעיא
- Transliteration
- rshy'y'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 166
מֵאוֹרַח
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אורח
- Transliteration
- m'wrch
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 182
כְּנִשְׁתָּא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נשתא
- Transliteration
- knsht'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 169
דְעַמִי׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עמי
- Transliteration
- d'my
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 427
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et dicam: Viam facite, præbete iter; declinate de semita, auferte offendicula de via populi mei.
15 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
dicam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dicam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
viam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uia
- Transliteration
- viam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 853
facite
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- facio
- Transliteration
- facite
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 4719
praebete
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praebeo
- Transliteration
- praebete
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 65
iter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iter
- Transliteration
- iter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 125
declinate
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- declino
- Transliteration
- declinate
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 111
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
semita
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- semita
- Transliteration
- semita
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 84
auferte
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aufero
- Transliteration
- auferte
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 324
offendicula
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- offendiculum
- Transliteration
- offendicula
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 19
de
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- de
- Transliteration
- de
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 4779
via
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uia
- Transliteration
- via
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 853
populi
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- populus
- Transliteration
- populi
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2030
mei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- meus
- Transliteration
- mei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4586
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Isaiah 62:10
Go through, go through the gates; prepare ye the way of the people; cast up, cast up the highway; gather out the stones; lift up a standard for the people.
25 relevance votesIsaiah 40:3
The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD, make straight in the desert a highway for our God.
14 relevance votesIsaiah 35:8
And a highway shall be there, and a way, and it shall be called, The way of holiness; the unclean shall not pass over it; but it shall be for those: the way-faring men, though fools, shall not err therein .
14 relevance votesJeremiah 18:15
Because my people hath forgotten me, they have burned incense to vanity, and they have caused them to stumble in their ways from the ancient paths, to walk in paths, in a way not cast up;
12 relevance votes1 Corinthians 8:13
Wherefore, if food maketh my brother to fall into sin, I will eat no flesh while the world standeth, lest I make my brother to fall into sin.
10 relevance votesRomans 14:13
Let us not therefore judge one another any more: but judge this rather, that no man put a stumbling-block, or an occasion to fall in his brother's way.
10 relevance votesHebrews 12:13
And make straight paths for your feet, lest that which is lame be turned out of the way; but let it rather be healed.
9 relevance votes2 Corinthians 6:3
Giving no offense in any thing, that the ministry be not blamed:
7 relevance votes1 Corinthians 1:23
But we preach Christ crucified, to the Jews a stumbling-block, and to the Greeks foolishness;
6 relevance votes1 Corinthians 8:9
But take heed lest by any means this liberty of yours should become a stumbling-block to them that are weak.
6 relevance votes
Chapter 57 · 57 of 66 available
Verse 14 of 21