17 Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Isaiah 1:17. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
55
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
לִמְד֥וּ הֵיטֵ֛ב דִּרְשׁ֥וּ מִשְׁפָּ֖ט אַשְּׁר֣וּ חָמ֑וֹץ שִׁפְט֣וּ יָת֔וֹם רִ֖יבוּ אַלְמָנָֽה׃ ס
10 word entries
לִמְד֥וּ
הֵיטֵ֛ב
דִּרְשׁ֥וּ
מִשְׁפָּ֖ט
אַשְּׁר֣וּ
חָמ֑וֹץ
שִׁפְט֣וּ
יָת֔וֹם
רִ֖יבוּ
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
μάθετε καλὸν ποιεῖν, ἐκζητήσατε κρίσιν, ῥύσασθε ἀδικούμενον, κρίνατε ὀρφανῷ, καὶ δικαιώσατε χήραν.
12 word entries
μάθετε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μάθετε
- Transliteration
- mathete
- Morphology
- verb, active imperative/indicative, 2nd plural pattern
- Gloss
- you all ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 4
καλὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καλός
- Transliteration
- kalon
- Morphology
- adjective, accusative masculine singular or nominative/accusative neuter singular
- Gloss
- good, beautiful
- Part of Speech
- adjective
- Definition
- Good, beautiful, noble.
- Occurrences
- 62
ποιεῖν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ποιέω
- Transliteration
- poiein
- Morphology
- present active infinitive
- Gloss
- to make, to do
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- To make, do, perform, or produce.
- Strong's
- G4160
- Occurrences
- 2253
ἐκζητήσατε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- Ἐκζητήσατε
- Transliteration
- ekzetesate
- Morphology
- proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
- Gloss
- Ἐκζητήσατε
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 6
κρίσιν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- κρίσις
- Transliteration
- krisis
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- judgment, justice
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Judgment, decision, justice, or legal action.
- Occurrences
- 162
ῥύσασθε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ῥύσασθε
- Transliteration
- ysasthe
- Morphology
- vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
- Gloss
- form requires context
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἀδικούμενον
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἀδικούμενον
- Transliteration
- adikoymenon
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
κρίνατε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- κρίνατε
- Transliteration
- krinate
- Morphology
- vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
- Gloss
- form requires context
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 7
ὀρφανῷ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὀρφανῷ
- Transliteration
- orphan
- Morphology
- 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
- Gloss
- I ...
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 13
καὶ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- καί
- Transliteration
- kai
- Morphology
- coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and, also, even
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- Coordinating conjunction.
- Strong's
- G2532
- Occurrences
- 56730
δικαιώσατε
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- δικαιώσατε
- Transliteration
- dikaiosate
- Morphology
- vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
- Gloss
- form requires context
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
χήραν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- χήραν
- Transliteration
- cheran
- Morphology
- aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- they ... / ...
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 14
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܝܠܦܘ ܠܡܛܐܒܘ ܥܩܒܘ ܕܝܢܐ ܘܐܛܐܒܘ ܠܛܠܝܡ̈ܐ ܕܘܢܘ ܝܬ̈ܡܐ ܘܕܘܢܘ ܐܪ̈ܡܠܬܐ
10 word entries
ܘܐܝܠܦܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܝܠܦܘ
- Transliteration
- w'ylpw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܡܛܐܒܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܡܛܐܒܘ
- Transliteration
- lmt'bw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܥܩܒܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܩܒܘ
- Transliteration
- 'qbw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܝܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܢܐ
- Transliteration
- dyn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 177
ܘܐܛܐܒܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܛܐܒܘ
- Transliteration
- w't'bw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܠܛܠܝܡ̈ܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܛܠܝܡܐ
- Transliteration
- ltlym'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܕܘܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܘܢܘ
- Transliteration
- dwnw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 8
ܝܬ̈ܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܬܡܐ
- Transliteration
- ytm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 8
ܘܕܘܢܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܘܢܘ
- Transliteration
- wdwnw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܐܪ̈ܡܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܪܡܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- 'rmlt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 16
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
אַלִיפוּ לְאוֹטָבָא תְּבָעוּ דִינָא זַכּוּ דַאֲנִיס דוּנוּ דִין יַתְמָא עֲבִידוּ קַבִּילוּ קְבֵילַת אַרְמַלְתָּא׃
13 word entries
אַלִיפוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אליפו
- Transliteration
- 'lypw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 20
לְאוֹטָבָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אוטבא
- Transliteration
- l'wtb'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 25
תְּבָעוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- תבעו
- Transliteration
- tb'w
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 41
דִינָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ינא
- Transliteration
- dyn'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 144
זַכּוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- זכו
- Transliteration
- zkw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 36
דַאֲנִיס
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אניס
- Transliteration
- d'nys
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 10
דוּנוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ונו
- Transliteration
- dwnw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 3
דִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- דין
- Transliteration
- dyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 684
יַתְמָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יתמא
- Transliteration
- ytm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 4
עֲבִידוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עבידו
- Transliteration
- 'bydw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 29
קַבִּילוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קבילו
- Transliteration
- qbylw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 131
קְבֵילַת
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- קבילת
- Transliteration
- qbylt
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 7
אַרְמַלְתָּא׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ארמלתא
- Transliteration
- 'rmlt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 17
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
discite benefacere; quærite judicium, subvenite oppresso, judicate pupillo, defendite viduam.]
10 word entries
discite
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- disco
- Transliteration
- discite
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 91
benefacere
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- benefacio
- Transliteration
- benefacere
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 37
quaerite
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quaero
- Transliteration
- quaerite
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 420
iudicium
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudicium
- Transliteration
- iudicium
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 529
subvenite
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- subuenio
- Transliteration
- subvenite
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 4
oppresso
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- opprimo
- Transliteration
- oppresso
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 74
iudicate
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iudico
- Transliteration
- iudicate
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 351
pupillo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pupillus
- Transliteration
- pupillo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 43
defendite
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- defendo
- Transliteration
- defendite
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 17
viduam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uidua
- Transliteration
- viduam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 86
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Micah 6:8
He hath shown thee, O man, what is good; and what the LORD doth require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?
31 relevance votesJeremiah 22:3
Thus saith the LORD; Execute ye judgment and righteousness, and deliver him that is laid waste out of the hand of the oppressor: and do no wrong, do no violence to the stranger, the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place.
27 relevance votesProverbs 31:9
Open thy mouth, judge righteously, and plead the cause of the poor and needy.
25 relevance votesIsaiah 1:23
Thy princes are rebellious, and companions of thieves: every one loveth gifts, and followeth after rewards: they judge not the fatherless, neither doth the cause of the widow come to them.
23 relevance votesZechariah 8:16
These are the things that ye shall do; Speak ye every man the truth to his neighbor; execute the judgment of truth and peace in your gates:
18 relevance votesDaniel 4:27
Wherefore, O king, let my counsel be acceptable to thee, and break off thy sins by righteousness, and thy iniquities by showing mercy to the poor; if it may be a lengthening of thy tranquillity.
18 relevance votesZephaniah 2:3
Seek ye the LORD, all ye meek of the earth, who have performed his judgment; seek righteousness, seek meekness: it may be ye will be hid in the day of the LORD'S anger.
17 relevance votes