12 The iniquity of Ephraim is bound up; his sin is hid.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Hosea 13:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
32
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
צָרוּר֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אֶפְרָ֔יִם צְפוּנָ֖ה חַטָּאתֽוֹ׃
5 word entries
צָרוּר֙
עֲוֺ֣ן
צְפוּנָ֖ה
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Συστροφὴν ἀδικίας Ἐφραὶμ, ἐγκεκρυμμένη ἡ ἁμαρτία αὐτοῦ,
7 word entries
Συστροφὴν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- συστροφὴν
- Transliteration
- systrophen
- Morphology
- accusative singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἀδικίας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἀδικία
- Transliteration
- adikias
- Morphology
- noun, feminine genitive singular or accusative plural
- Gloss
- injustice, unrighteousness
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Injustice, unrighteousness, wrong, or iniquity.
- Occurrences
- 166
Ἐφραὶμ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- Ἐφραίμ
- Transliteration
- Ephraim
- Morphology
- proper noun, indeclinable
- Gloss
- Ephraim
- Part of Speech
- proper noun
- Definition
- Ephraim.
- Occurrences
- 177
ἐγκεκρυμμένη
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐγκεκρυμμένη
- Transliteration
- egkekrymmene
- Morphology
- nominative feminine singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 1
ἡ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ἁμαρτία
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἁμαρτία
- Transliteration
- hamartia
- Morphology
- noun, feminine nominative singular
- Gloss
- sin
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- Sin, error, or wrongdoing.
- Occurrences
- 450
αὐτοῦ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܨܪܝܪ ܥܘܠܗ ܕܐܦܪܝܡ ܘܡܛܫܝܐ ܚܛܝܬܗ
5 word entries
ܨܪܝܪ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܨܪܝܪ
- Transliteration
- sryr
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 3
ܥܘܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܘܠܗ
- Transliteration
- 'wlh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 24
ܕܐܦܪܝܡ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܦܪܝܡ
- Transliteration
- d'prym
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 40
ܘܡܛܫܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܡܛܫܝܐ
- Transliteration
- wmtshy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2
ܚܛܝܬܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܛܝܬܗ
- Transliteration
- htyth
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 11
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
בְּגִנְזִין חוֹבֵי בֵּית אֶפְרַיִם נְטִירִין לְאִתְפְּרָעָה כָּל חוֹבֵיהוֹן׃
8 word entries
בְּגִנְזִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- גנזין
- Transliteration
- bgnzyn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
חוֹבֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חובי
- Transliteration
- chwby
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 114
בֵּית
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- בית
- Transliteration
- byt
- Morphology
- noun construct/absolute
- Gloss
- house, household
- Occurrences
- 2611
אֶפְרַיִם
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אפרים
- Transliteration
- 'prym
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 133
נְטִירִין
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- נטירין
- Transliteration
- ntyryn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 3
לְאִתְפְּרָעָה
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אתפרעה
- Transliteration
- l'tpr'h
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
כָּל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- כל
- Transliteration
- kl
- Morphology
- collective noun/adjective
- Gloss
- all, every
- Occurrences
- 2135
חוֹבֵיהוֹן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- חוביהון
- Transliteration
- chwbyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 83
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Colligata est iniquitas Ephraim; absconditum peccatum ejus.
7 word entries
conligata
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- colligo
- Transliteration
- conligata
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 123
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
iniquitas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- iniquitas
- Transliteration
- iniquitas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 460
Ephraim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Ephrais
- Transliteration
- Ephraim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 38
absconditum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- absconditus
- Transliteration
- absconditum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 87
peccatum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- peccatum
- Transliteration
- peccatum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 608
eius
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eius
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Job 14:17
My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and thou sewest up my iniquity.
4 relevance votesRomans 2:5
But after thy hardness and impenitent heart, treasurest up to thyself wrath against the day of wrath, and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;
3 relevance votesJob 21:19
God layeth up his iniquity for his children: he rewardeth him, and he shall know it .
2 relevance votes