Ecclesiastes 9

Webster's Bible, Verse 18

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¹⁸ Wisdom is better than weapons of war: but one sinner destroyeth much good.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ecclesiastes 9:18. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 68

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

טוֹבָ֥ה חָכְמָ֖ה מִכְּלֵ֣י קְרָ֑ב וְחוֹטֶ֣א אֶחָ֔ד יְאַבֵּ֥ד טוֹבָ֥ה הַרְבֵּֽה׃

9 word entries

טוֹבָ֥ה

Lemma: 2896 a
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2896
Occurrences: 278

חָכְמָ֖ה

Lemma: 2451
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2451
Occurrences: 102

מִכְּלֵ֣י

Lemma: m/3627
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3627
Occurrences: 5

קְרָ֑ב

Lemma: 7128
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7128
Occurrences: 5

וְחוֹטֶ֣א

Lemma: c/2398
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H2398
Occurrences: 28

אֶחָ֔ד

Lemma: 259
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H259
Occurrences: 678

יְאַבֵּ֥ד

Lemma: 6
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6
Occurrences: 103

טוֹבָ֥ה

Lemma: 2896 c
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2896
Occurrences: 26

הַרְבֵּֽה

Lemma: 7235 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil infinitive absolute
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7235
Occurrences: 151

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἀγαθὴ σοφία ὑπὲρ σκεύη πολέμου· καὶ ἁμαρτάνων εἷς ἀπολέσει ἀγαθωσύνην πολλήν.

11 word entries

Ἀγαθὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἀγαθὴ
Transliteration: agathe
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἀγαθὴ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 37

σοφία

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σοφία
Transliteration: sophia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: wisdom
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Wisdom, skill, or insight.
Occurrences: 204

ὑπὲρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὑπέρ
Transliteration: hyper
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: over, above, on behalf of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition used with genitive or accusative.
Occurrences: 395

σκεύη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σκεῦος
Transliteration: skeuos
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: vessel, implement
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Vessel, implement, object, or container.
Occurrences: 264

πολέμου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πόλεμος
Transliteration: polemos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: war
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: War, battle, or conflict.
Occurrences: 323

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἁμαρτάνων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἁμαρτάνων
Transliteration: amartanon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

εἷς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἷς
Transliteration: heis
Morphology: numeral/adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: one
Part of Speech: numeral/adjective
Definition: One, a single one.
Occurrences: 785

ἀπολέσει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἀπολέσει
Transliteration: apolesei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἀγαθωσύνην

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀγαθωσύνην
Transliteration: agathosynen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

πολλήν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πολλήν
Transliteration: pollen
Morphology: accusative singular feminine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܛܒܐ ܗܝ ܚܟܡܬܐ ܡܢ ܡܐ̈ܢܝ ܩܪܒܐ ܘܚܛܝܬܐ ܚܕܐ ܡܘܒܕܐ ܛܒܬ̈ܐ ܣ̈ܓܝܐܬܐ

11 word entries

ܛܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܒܐ
Transliteration: tb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 113

ܗܝ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܝ
Transliteration: hi
Morphology: pronoun/copula, feminine singular
Gloss: she, it, is
Occurrences: 578

ܚܟܡܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܟܡܬܐ
Transliteration: hkmt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 113

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܡܐ̈ܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܐܢܝ
Transliteration: m'ny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 36

ܩܪܒܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܪܒܐ
Transliteration: qrb'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 154

ܘܚܛܝܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܚܛܝܬܐ
Transliteration: whtyt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 2

ܚܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܕܐ
Transliteration: hd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 212

ܡܘܒܕܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܘܒܕܐ
Transliteration: mwbd'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 3

ܛܒܬ̈ܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܒܬܐ
Transliteration: tbt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 169

ܣ̈ܓܝܐܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܓܝܐܬܐ
Transliteration: sgy't'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 106

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

טָבָא חוּכְמַת חַכִּימַיָא בְּעִדָּן עָקְתָא יַתִּיר מִן מָנֵי קְרָבָא בְּעִדָּן אַגִיחוּת קְרָבָא וְגַבְרָא חַיָּבָא חַד דְּאִיתֵיהּ בְּדָרָא גָּרֵים לְהוֹבָדָא טַבְתָּא רַבְּתָא מִן עַלְמָא׃

23 word entries

טָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טבא
Transliteration: tb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 128

חוּכְמַת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חוכמת
Transliteration: chwkmt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 15

חַכִּימַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חכימיא
Transliteration: chkymy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 37

בְּעִדָּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עדן
Transliteration: b'dn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 254

עָקְתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עקתא
Transliteration: 'qt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 33

יַתִּיר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתיר
Transliteration: ytyr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 54

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

מָנֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מני
Transliteration: mny
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 268

קְרָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרבא
Transliteration: qrb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 469

בְּעִדָּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עדן
Transliteration: b'dn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 254

אַגִיחוּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אגיחות
Transliteration: 'gychwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

קְרָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרבא
Transliteration: qrb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 469

וְגַבְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גברא
Transliteration: wgbr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 524

חַיָּבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חיבא
Transliteration: chyb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 46

חַד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חד
Transliteration: chd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 373

דְּאִיתֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איתיה
Transliteration: d'ytyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 9

בְּדָרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דרא
Transliteration: bdr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 49

גָּרֵים

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גרים
Transliteration: grym
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 3

לְהוֹבָדָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הובדא
Transliteration: lhwbd'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 6

טַבְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טבתא
Transliteration: tbt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 77

רַבְּתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רבתא
Transliteration: rbt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 70

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

עַלְמָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלמא
Transliteration: 'lm'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 549

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Melior est sapientia quam arma bellica; et qui in uno peccaverit, multa bona perdet.]

14 word entries

melior

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bonus
Transliteration: melior
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 847

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

sapientia

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sapientia
Transliteration: sapientia
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 345

quam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quam
Transliteration: quam
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 426

arma

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: arma
Transliteration: arma
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 86

bellica

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bellicus
Transliteration: bellica
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 10

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

uno

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: uno
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

peccaverit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pecco
Transliteration: peccaverit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 260

multa

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: multus
Transliteration: multa
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 1032

bona

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bonum
Transliteration: bona
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 61

perdet

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: perdo
Transliteration: perdet
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 136

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Joshua 7:1

But the children of Israel committed a trespass in the accursed thing: for Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took of the accursed thing: and the anger of the LORD was kindled against the children of Israel.

5 relevance votes

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Ranked cross references

Joshua 7:1

Joshua 7:5

Ecclesiastes 9:16

2 Timothy 3:8

Joshua 22:20