Ecclesiastes 10

Webster's Bible, Verse 15

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¹⁵ The labor of the foolish wearieth every one of them, because he knoweth not how to go to the city.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Ecclesiastes 10:15. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 57

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

עֲמַ֥ל הַכְּסִילִ֖ים תְּיַגְּעֶ֑נּוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יָדַ֖ע לָלֶ֥כֶת אֶל־עִֽיר׃

9 word entries

עֲמַ֥ל

Lemma: 5999
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5999
Occurrences: 35

הַכְּסִילִ֖ים

Lemma: d/3684
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + adjective
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3684
Occurrences: 8

תְּיַגְּעֶ֑נּוּ

Lemma: 3021
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3021
Occurrences: 23

אֲשֶׁ֥ר

Lemma: 834 a
Morphology: Hebrew: particle relative
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H834
Occurrences: 4808

לֹֽא

Lemma: 3808
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 3277

יָדַ֖ע

Lemma: 3045
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3045
Occurrences: 637

לָלֶ֥כֶת

Lemma: l/3212
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3212
Occurrences: 86

אֶל

Lemma: 413
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H413
Occurrences: 5170

עִֽיר

Lemma: 5892 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5892
Occurrences: 377

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Μόχθος τῶν ἀφρόνων κακώσει αὐτοὺς, ὃς οὐκ ἔγνω τοῦ πορευθῆναι εἰς πόλιν.

12 word entries

Μόχθος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μόχθος
Transliteration: mochthos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἀφρόνων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἀφρόνων
Transliteration: aphronon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 25

κακώσει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: κακώσει
Transliteration: kakosei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 6

αὐτοὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ὃς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅς
Transliteration: hos
Morphology: relative pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: who, which
Part of Speech: relative pronoun
Definition: Relative pronoun who, which, that.
Occurrences: 4123

οὐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

ἔγνω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γινώσκω
Transliteration: egno
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it knew
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To know, recognize, perceive, or understand.
Occurrences: 284

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πορευθῆναι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πορεύομαι
Transliteration: poreuthenai
Morphology: aorist passive infinitive with middle sense
Gloss: to go, to travel
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: To go, travel, journey, or walk.
Occurrences: 631

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

πόλιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πόλις
Transliteration: polis
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: city
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: City or town.
Occurrences: 1387

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܥܡܠܗܘܢ ܕܣ̈ܟܠܐ ܡܠܐܐ ܠܗܘܢ ܡܛܠ ܕܠܐ ܝܕܥܘ ܠܡܐܙܠ ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ

9 word entries

ܥܡܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܡܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: 'mlhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 1

ܕܣ̈ܟܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܣܟܠܐ
Transliteration: dskl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 29

ܡܠܐܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܠܐܐ
Transliteration: ml''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 1

ܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: lhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1134

ܡܛܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܛܠ
Transliteration: mtl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2606

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܐ
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1157

ܝܕܥܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܝܕܥܘ
Transliteration: yd'w
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 35

ܠܡܐܙܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܐܙܠ
Transliteration: lm'zl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 51

ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ
Transliteration: lmdynt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 49

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

טַרְחוּת שָׁטְיָא דִּטַרַח בִּשְׁטוּתָא אִיהוּ מְשַׁלְהֵי לֵיהּ עַל דְּלָא אֵלִיף לְמֵיזַל לְקַרְתָּא דְּחַכִּימַיָא שָׁרֵי בְּגַוָּהּ לְמִתְבַּע מִנֵּיהּ אוּלְפָנָא׃

18 word entries

טַרְחוּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טרחות
Transliteration: trchwt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

שָׁטְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שטיא
Transliteration: shty'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 39

דִּטַרַח

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טרח
Transliteration: dtrch
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 10

בִּשְׁטוּתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שטותא
Transliteration: bshtwt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 5

אִיהוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: איהו
Transliteration: 'yhw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 13

מְשַׁלְהֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שלהי
Transliteration: mshlhy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 6

לֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליה
Transliteration: lyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1154

עַל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: על
Transliteration: 'l
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: on, upon, against, concerning
Occurrences: 3568

דְּלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דלא
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 607

אֵלִיף

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אליף
Transliteration: 'lyp
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 17

לְמֵיזַל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מיזל
Transliteration: lmyzl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 58

לְקַרְתָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרתא
Transliteration: lqrt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 512

דְּחַכִּימַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חכימיא
Transliteration: dchkymy'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 37

שָׁרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שרי
Transliteration: shry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 75

בְּגַוָּהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גוה
Transliteration: bgwh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 65

לְמִתְבַּע

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מתבע
Transliteration: lmtb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 38

מִנֵּיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ניה
Transliteration: mnyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 178

אוּלְפָנָא׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אולפנא
Transliteration: 'wlpn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 24

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Labor stultorum affliget eos, qui nesciunt in urbem pergere.]

9 word entries

labor

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: labor
Transliteration: labor
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 129

stultorum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: stulti
Transliteration: stultorum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 17

adfliget

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: affligo
Transliteration: adfliget
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 109

eos

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eos
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

qui

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: qui
Transliteration: qui
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 15011

nesciunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nescio
Transliteration: nesciunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 181

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

urbem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: urbs
Transliteration: urbem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 365

pergere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pergo
Transliteration: pergere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 163

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Ecclesiastes 10

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

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