2 And the barbarous people showed us no little kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us every one, because of the present rain, and because of the cold.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Acts 28:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
79
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι παρεῖχον οὐ τὴν τυχοῦσαν φιλανθρωπίαν ἡμῖν· ἀνάψαντες γὰρ πυράν, προσελάβοντο πάντας ἡμᾶς, διὰ τὸν ὑετὸν τὸν ἐφεστῶτα, καὶ διὰ τὸ ψῦχος.
24 word entries
Οἱ
δὲ
βάρβαροι
παρεῖχον
οὐ
τὴν
τυχοῦσαν
φιλανθρωπίαν
- Lemma
- filanqrwpian
- Transliteration
- filanqrwpian
- Morphology
- Greek: noun accusative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G5363
- Occurrences
- 1
ἡμῖν
ἀνάψαντες
γὰρ
πυράν
προσελάβοντο
- Lemma
- proselabonto
- Transliteration
- proselabonto
- Morphology
- Greek: verb second aorist middle indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4355
- Occurrences
- 3
πάντας
ἡμᾶς
διὰ
τὸν
ὑετὸν
τὸν
ἐφεστῶτα
καὶ
διὰ
τὸ
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
οἵ τε βάρβαροι παρεῖχαν οὐ τὴν τυχοῦσαν φιλανθρωπίαν ἡμῖν, ἅψαντες γὰρ πυρὰν προσελάβοντο πάντας ἡμᾶς διὰ τὸν ὑετὸν τὸν ἐφεστῶτα καὶ διὰ τὸ ψῦχος.
24 word entries
οἵ
τὴν
φιλανθρωπίαν
- Lemma
- φιλανθρωπία
- Morphology
- N-ASF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G5363
- Occurrences
- 2
προσελάβοντο
- Lemma
- προσλαμβάνω
- Morphology
- V-2AMI-3P
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G4355
- Occurrences
- 12
τὸν
τὸν
καὶ
τὸ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܒܪܒܪܝܐ ܕܥܡܪܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܒܗ ܪܚܡܐ ܣܓܝܐܐ ܚܘܝܘ ܠܘܬܢ ܘܐܘܚܕܘ ܢܘܪܐ ܘܩܪܐܘܢ ܠܟܠܢ ܕܢܫܚܢ ܡܛܠ ܡܛܪܐ ܣܓܝܐܐ ܘܩܘܪܫܐ ܕܐܝܬ ܗܘܐ
19 word entries
ܘܒܪܒܪܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܪܒܪܝܐ
- Transliteration
- wbrbry'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܕܥܡܪܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܥܡܪܝܢ
- Transliteration
- d'mryn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 13
ܗܘܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܘ
- Transliteration
- hww
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 815
ܒܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܗ
- Transliteration
- bh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 343
ܪܚܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܚܡܐ
- Transliteration
- rhm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 24
ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Transliteration
- sgy''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 230
ܚܘܝܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܘܝܘ
- Transliteration
- hwyw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܠܘܬܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܘܬܢ
- Transliteration
- lwtn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 16
ܘܐܘܚܕܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܘܚܕܘ
- Transliteration
- w'whdw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܢܘܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܘܪܐ
- Transliteration
- nwr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 24
ܘܩܪܐܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܪܐܘܢ
- Transliteration
- wqr'wn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܠܟܠܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܠܢ
- Transliteration
- lkln
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܢܫܚܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܢܫܚܢ
- Transliteration
- dnshhn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܡܛܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܠ
- Transliteration
- mtl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 632
ܡܛܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܛܪܐ
- Transliteration
- mtr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 11
ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܓܝܐܐ
- Transliteration
- sgy''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 230
ܘܩܘܪܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܩܘܪܫܐ
- Transliteration
- wqwrsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܕܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- d'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 229
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Accensa enim pyra, reficiebant nos omnes propter imbrem qui imminebat, et frigus.
12 word entries
accensa
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- accendo
- Transliteration
- accensa
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 33
enim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- enim
- Transliteration
- enim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2392
pyra
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pyra
- Transliteration
- pyra
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 2
reficiebant
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- reficio
- Transliteration
- reficiebant
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 13
nos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nos
- Transliteration
- nos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1585
omnes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
propter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- propter
- Transliteration
- propter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 688
imbrem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- imber
- Transliteration
- imbrem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 33
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
inminebat
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- immineo
- Transliteration
- inminebat
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 16
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
frigus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- frigus
- Transliteration
- frigus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 16
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Hebrews 13:2
Be not forgetful to entertain strangers: for by this some have entertained angels unawares.
5 relevance votesRomans 1:14
I am debtor both to the Greeks, and to the barbarians, both to the wise, and to the unwise.
5 relevance votesColossians 3:11
Where there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcision nor uncircumcision, Barbarian, Scythian, bond nor free: but Christ is all, and in all.
5 relevance votes2 Corinthians 11:27
In weariness and painfulness, in watchings often, in hunger and thirst, in fastings often, in cold and nakedness.
4 relevance votesActs 28:4
And when the barbarians saw the animal hang on his hand, they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a murderer, whom, though he hath escaped the sea, yet vengeance suffereth not to live.
4 relevance votesMatthew 10:42
And whoever shall give to drink to one of these little ones, a cup of cold water only, in the name of a disciple, verily, I say to you, he shall in no wise lose his reward.
3 relevance votes1 Corinthians 14:11
Therefore, if I know not the meaning of the voice, I shall be to him that speaketh a barbarian, and he that speaketh will be a barbarian to me.
3 relevance votesActs 27:3
And the next day we touched at Sidon. And Julius courteously treated Paul, and gave him liberty to go to his friends to refresh himself.
2 relevance votesLeviticus 19:34
But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be to you as one born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.
2 relevance votesRomans 2:27
And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfilleth the law, judge thee, who by the letter and circumcision dost transgress the law?
1 relevance votesLeviticus 19:18
Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself; I am the LORD.
1 relevance votesJohn 18:18
And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; (for it was cold) and they warmed themselves: and Peter stood with them, and warmed himself.
1 relevance votes