Zechariah 7

World English Bible, Verse 11

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¹¹ But they refused to listen, and turned their backs, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Zechariah 7:11. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 55

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ כָתֵ֖ף סֹרָ֑רֶת וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃

8 word entries

וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ

Lemma: c/3985
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb piel sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3985
Occurrences: 15

לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב

Lemma: l/7181
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb hiphil infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7181
Occurrences: 4

וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ

Lemma: c/5414
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5414
Occurrences: 746

כָתֵ֖ף

Lemma: 3802
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3802
Occurrences: 46

סֹרָ֑רֶת

Lemma: 5637
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H5637
Occurrences: 15

וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם

Lemma: c/241
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common feminine dual construct + suffix
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H241
Occurrences: 14

הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ

Lemma: 3513
Morphology: Hebrew: verb hiphil perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3513
Occurrences: 80

מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ

Lemma: m/8085
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8085
Occurrences: 9

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἠπείθησαν τοῦ προσέχειν, καὶ ἔδωκαν νῶτον παραφρονοῦντα, καὶ τὰ ὦτα αὐτῶν ἐβάρυναν τοῦ μὴ εἰσακούειν.

16 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἠπείθησαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἠπείθησαν
Transliteration: epeithesan
Morphology: verb, aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: were ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 3

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

προσέχειν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: προσέχειν
Transliteration: prosechein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἔδωκαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίδωμι
Transliteration: edokan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural
Gloss: they gave
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To give.
Occurrences: 1384

νῶτον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: νῶτον
Transliteration: noton
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 13

παραφρονοῦντα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: παραφρονοῦντα
Transliteration: paraphronoynta
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὦτα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὖς
Transliteration: ous
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: ear
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Ear.
Occurrences: 115

αὐτῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἐβάρυναν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐβάρυναν
Transliteration: ebarynan
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

μὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μή
Transliteration: me
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not, lest
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle commonly used with non-indicative moods.
Occurrences: 2979

εἰσακούειν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εἰσακούειν
Transliteration: eisakoyein
Morphology: present/aorist active infinitive pattern
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 11

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܠܐ ܨܒܘ ܠܡܫܡܥܢܝ ܘܥܒܕܘ ܟܬܦܗܘܢ ܡܪܘܕܬܐ ܘܐ̈ܕܢܝܗܘܢ ܣܟܪܘ ܕܠܐ ܢܫܡܥܘܢ

10 word entries

ܘܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܠܐ
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1993

ܨܒܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܨܒܘ
Transliteration: sbw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 38

ܠܡܫܡܥܢܝ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܡܫܡܥܢܝ
Transliteration: lmshm'ny
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܘܥܒܕܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܥܒܕܘ
Transliteration: w'bdw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 96

ܟܬܦܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܟܬܦܗܘܢ
Transliteration: ktphwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 2

ܡܪܘܕܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܪܘܕܬܐ
Transliteration: mrwdt'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 4

ܘܐ̈ܕܢܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܕܢܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: w'dnyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

ܣܟܪܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܣܟܪܘ
Transliteration: skrw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 3

ܕܠܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܐ
Transliteration: dl'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 1157

ܢܫܡܥܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܫܡܥܘܢ
Transliteration: nshm'wn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 14

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וְסָרִיבוּ לְקַבְּלָא וִיהָבוּ כַתְפֵיהוֹן מָרִיד וְאוּדְנֵיהוֹן יַקִירוּ מִלְמִשְׁמַע׃

8 word entries

וְסָרִיבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: סריבו
Transliteration: wsrybw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 17

לְקַבְּלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קבלא
Transliteration: lqbl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 104

וִיהָבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יהבו
Transliteration: wyhbw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 66

כַתְפֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תפיהון
Transliteration: ktpyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 3

מָרִיד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ריד
Transliteration: mryd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 4

וְאוּדְנֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אודניהון
Transliteration: w'wdnyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 7

יַקִירוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקירו
Transliteration: yqyrw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

מִלְמִשְׁמַע׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: למשמע
Transliteration: mlmshm'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 7

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Et noluerunt attendere, et averterunt scapulam recedentem, et aures suas aggravaverunt ne audirent.

13 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

noluerunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nolo
Transliteration: noluerunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 620

adtendere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: attendo
Transliteration: adtendere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 75

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

verterunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uerto
Transliteration: verterunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 101

scapulam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: scapula
Transliteration: scapulam
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 7

recedentem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: recedo
Transliteration: recedentem
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 217

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

aures

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: auris
Transliteration: aures
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 212

suas

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: suus
Transliteration: suas
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5783

adgravaverunt

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: aggrauo
Transliteration: adgravaverunt
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 19

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ne
Transliteration: ne
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1109

audirent

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: audio
Transliteration: audirent
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 1534

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Nehemiah 9:29

and testified against them, that you might bring them again to your law. Yet they were arrogant, and didn’t listen to your commandments, but sinned against your ordinances (which if a man does, he shall live in them), turned their backs, stiffened their neck, and would not hear.

9 relevance votes

Jeremiah 8:5

Why then have the people of Jerusalem fallen back by a perpetual backsliding? They cling to deceit. They refuse to return.

4 relevance votes

Hosea 4:16

For Israel has behaved extremely stubbornly, like a stubborn heifer. Then how will Yahweh feed them like a lamb in a meadow?

4 relevance votes

Zechariah 1:4

Don’t you be like your fathers, to whom the former prophets proclaimed, saying: Yahweh of Armies says, ‘Return now from your evil ways and from your evil doings;’ but they didn’t hear nor listen to me, says Yahweh.

3 relevance votes

Ezekiel 3:7

But the house of Israel will not listen to you, for they will not listen to me; for all the house of Israel are obstinate and hard-hearted.

3 relevance votes

Jeremiah 35:15

I have sent also to you all my servants the prophets, rising up early and sending them, saying, ‘Every one of you must return now from his evil way, amend your doings, and don’t go after other gods to serve them. Then you will dwell in the land which I have given to you and to your fathers;’ but you have not inclined your ear, nor listened to me.

3 relevance votes

Acts 7:57

But they cried out with a loud voice and stopped their ears, then rushed at him with one accord.

3 relevance votes

Nehemiah 9:17

and refused to obey. They weren’t mindful of your wonders that you did among them, but hardened their neck, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage. But you are a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and didn’t forsake them.

2 relevance votes

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Zechariah 7

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Nehemiah 9:29

Jeremiah 8:5

Hosea 4:16

Zechariah 1:4

Ezekiel 3:7

Jeremiah 35:15

Acts 7:57

Nehemiah 9:17

Jeremiah 7:24

Jeremiah 44:16

2 Chronicles 33:10

Jeremiah 17:23