9 What then? Are we better than they? No, in no way. For we previously warned both Jews and Greeks that they are all under sin.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Romans 3:9. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
59
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Τί οὖν; Προεχόμεθα; Οὐ πάντως· προῃτιασάμεθα γὰρ Ἰουδαίους τε καὶ Ἕλληνας πάντας ὑφ᾿ ἁμαρτίαν εἶναι,
15 word entries
Τί
οὖν
Προεχόμεθα
- Lemma
- proecomeqa
- Transliteration
- proecomeqa
- Morphology
- Greek: verb present middle/passive deponent indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4284
- Occurrences
- 1
Οὐ
πάντως
προῃτιασάμεθα
- Lemma
- prohtiasameqa
- Transliteration
- prohtiasameqa
- Morphology
- Greek: verb aorist middle deponent indicative plural
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Strong's
- G4256
- Occurrences
- 1
γὰρ
Ἰουδαίους
τε
καὶ
Ἕλληνας
πάντας
ὑφ᾿
ἁμαρτίαν
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Τί οὖν; προεχόμεθα; οὐ πάντως· προῃτιασάμεθα γὰρ Ἰουδαίους τε καὶ Ἕλληνας πάντας ὑφ’ ἁμαρτίαν εἶναι,
15 word entries
προῃτιασάμεθα
- Lemma
- προαιτιάομαι
- Morphology
- V-ADI-1P
- Part of Speech
- V
- Strong's
- G4256
- Occurrences
- 1
καὶ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܡܢܐ ܗܟܝܠ ܐܚܝܕܝܢܢ ܝܬܝܪܐ ܕܩܕܡܢ ܦܣܩܢ ܥܠ ܝܗܘܕܝܐ ܘܥܠ ܐܪܡܝܐ ܕܬܚܝܬ ܚܛܝܬܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ
14 word entries
ܡܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢܐ
- Transliteration
- mn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 257
ܗܟܝܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܟܝܠ
- Transliteration
- hkyl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 250
ܐܚܝܕܝܢܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܚܝܕܝܢܢ
- Transliteration
- 'hydynn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܝܬܝܪܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܬܝܪܐ
- Transliteration
- ytyr'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 17
ܕܩܕܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܩܕܡܢ
- Transliteration
- dqdmn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܦܣܩܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܦܣܩܢ
- Transliteration
- psqn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2
ܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠ
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 909
ܝܗܘܕܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܗܘܕܝܐ
- Transliteration
- yhwdy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 124
ܘܥܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܥܠ
- Transliteration
- w'l
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 131
ܐܪܡܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܪܡܝܐ
- Transliteration
- 'rmy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 8
ܕܬܚܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܚܝܬ
- Transliteration
- dthyt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 12
ܚܛܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܛܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- htyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 52
ܐܢܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܘܢ
- Transliteration
- 'nwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 462
ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- klhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 209
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Quid ergo? præcellimus eos? Nequaquam. Causati enim sumus Judæos et Græcos omnes sub peccato esse,
15 word entries
quid
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quis
- Transliteration
- quid
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1619
igitur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- igitur
- Transliteration
- igitur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 420
praecellimus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- praecello
- Transliteration
- praecellimus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 7
eos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
nequaquam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nequaquam
- Transliteration
- nequaquam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 69
causati
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- causor
- Transliteration
- causati
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 3
enim
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- enim
- Transliteration
- enim
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2392
sumus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sumus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Iudaeos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Iudaei
- Transliteration
- Iudaeos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 362
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
Graecos
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Graeci
- Transliteration
- Graecos
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 13
omnes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- omnis
- Transliteration
- omnes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5506
sub
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sub
- Transliteration
- sub
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 330
peccato
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- peccatum
- Transliteration
- peccato
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 608
esse
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- esse
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Galatians 3:22
But the Scripture imprisoned all things under sin, that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.
10 relevance votesRomans 6:15
What then? Shall we sin because we are not under law but under grace? May it never be!
6 relevance votesIsaiah 65:5
who say, ‘Stay by yourself, don’t come near to me, for I am holier than you.’ These are smoke in my nose, a fire that burns all day.
5 relevance votesRomans 11:32
For God has bound all to disobedience, that he might have mercy on all.
4 relevance votesRomans 3:19
Now we know that whatever things the law says, it speaks to those who are under the law, that every mouth may be closed, and all the world may be brought under the judgment of God.
3 relevance votes1 Corinthians 14:15
What should I do? I will pray with the spirit, and I will pray with the understanding also. I will sing with the spirit, and I will sing with the understanding also.
2 relevance votesRomans 11:7
What then? That which Israel seeks for, that he didn’t obtain, but the chosen ones obtained it, and the rest were hardened.
2 relevance votesLuke 7:39
Now when the Pharisee who had invited him saw it, he said to himself, “This man, if he were a prophet, would have perceived who and what kind of woman this is who touches him, that she is a sinner.”
2 relevance votesPhilippians 1:18
What does it matter? Only that in every way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is proclaimed. I rejoice in this, yes, and will rejoice.
2 relevance votesGalatians 3:10
For as many as are of the works of the law are under a curse. For it is written, “Cursed is everyone who doesn’t continue in all things that are written in the book of the law, to do them.”
2 relevance votes1 Corinthians 4:7
For who makes you different? And what do you have that you didn’t receive? But if you did receive it, why do you boast as if you had not received it?
2 relevance votesRomans 3:5
But if our unrighteousness commends the righteousness of God, what will we say? Is God unrighteous who inflicts wrath? I speak like men do.
2 relevance votes