1 “And to the angel of the assembly in Sardis write: “He who has the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars says these things: “I know your works, that you have a reputation of being alive, but you are dead.
Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Revelation 3:1. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
117
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Καὶ τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν Σάρδεσιν ἐκκλησίας γράψον, Τάδε λέγει ὁ ἔχων τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀστέρας· Οἶδά σου τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι τὸ ὄνομα ἔχεις ὅτι ζῇς, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ.
34 word entries
Καὶ
τῷ
ἀγγέλῳ
τῆς
ἐν
Σάρδεσιν
ἐκκλησίας
γράψον
Τάδε
λέγει
ὁ
ἔχων
τὰ
ἑπτὰ
πνεύματα
τοῦ
Θεοῦ
καὶ
τοὺς
ἑπτὰ
ἀστέρας
Οἶδά
σου
τὰ
ἔργα
ὅτι
τὸ
ὄνομα
ἔχεις
ὅτι
ζῇς
καὶ
νεκρὸς
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
Καὶ τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν Σάρδεσιν ἐκκλησίας γράψον· τάδε λέγει ὁ ἔχων τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀστέρας· οἶδά σου τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι ὄνομα ἔχεις ὅτι ζῇς, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ.
33 word entries
Καὶ
τῷ
τῆς
ἐν
ὁ
τὰ
τοῦ
θεοῦ
καὶ
τοὺς
τὰ
καὶ
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܠܡܠܐܟܐ ܕܒܥܕܬܐ ܕܣܪܕܝܣ ܟܬܘܒ ܗܟܢܐ ܐܡܪ ܗܘ ܕܐܝܬ ܠܗ ܫܒܥ ܪܘܚܝܢ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܘܫܒܥܐ ܟܘܟܒܐ ܝܕܥ ܐܢܐ ܥܒܕܝܟ ܘܫܡܐ ܕܐܝܬ ܠܟ ܘܕܚܝܐ ܐܢܬ ܘܕܡܝܬܐ ܐܢܬ
24 word entries
ܘܠܡܠܐܟܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܠܡܠܐܟܐ
- Transliteration
- wlml'k'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 9
ܕܒܥܕܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܒܥܕܬܐ
- Transliteration
- db'dt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 5
ܕܣܪܕܝܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܣܪܕܝܣ
- Transliteration
- dsrdys
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1
ܟܬܘܒ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܬܘܒ
- Transliteration
- ktwb
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 14
ܗܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- hkn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 220
ܐܡܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪ
- Transliteration
- emar
- Morphology
- verb root/form
- Gloss
- said, spoke
- Occurrences
- 885
ܗܘ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘ
- Transliteration
- hu
- Morphology
- pronoun/copula, masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, it, is
- Occurrences
- 1648
ܕܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- d'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 229
ܠܗ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗ
- Transliteration
- lh
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 1592
ܫܒܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܒܥ
- Transliteration
- shb'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 22
ܪܘܚܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܪܘܚܝܢ
- Transliteration
- rwhyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 4
ܕܐܠܗܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܠܗܐ
- Transliteration
- d'lh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 586
ܘܫܒܥܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܒܥܐ
- Transliteration
- wshb''
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܟܘܟܒܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܟܘܟܒܐ
- Transliteration
- kwkb'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 9
ܝܕܥ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܕܥ
- Transliteration
- yd'
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 186
ܐܢܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ena
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, first common singular
- Gloss
- I
- Occurrences
- 1361
ܥܒܕܝܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܒܕܝܟ
- Transliteration
- 'bdyk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 8
ܘܫܡܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܫܡܐ
- Transliteration
- wshm'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 4
ܕܐܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܐܝܬ
- Transliteration
- d'yt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 229
ܠܟ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟ
- Transliteration
- lk
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 269
ܘܕܚܝܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܚܝܐ
- Transliteration
- wdhy'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- ant
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, second singular
- Gloss
- you
- Occurrences
- 491
ܘܕܡܝܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܕܡܝܬܐ
- Transliteration
- wdmyt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 3
ܐܢܬ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܢܬ
- Transliteration
- ant
- Morphology
- personal pronoun, second singular
- Gloss
- you
- Occurrences
- 491
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Et angelo ecclesiæ Sardis scribe: Hæc dicit qui habet septem spiritus Dei, et septem stellas: Scio opera tua, quia nomen habes quod vivas, et mortuus es.
26 word entries
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
angelo
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- angelus
- Transliteration
- angelo
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 326
ecclesiae
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ecclesia
- Transliteration
- ecclesiae
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 163
Sardis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Sardus
- Transliteration
- Sardis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 3
scribe
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- scribo
- Transliteration
- scribe
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 451
haec
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- hic
- Transliteration
- haec
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4646
dicit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dico
- Transliteration
- dicit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6477
qui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- qui
- Transliteration
- qui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 15011
habet
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- habeo
- Transliteration
- habet
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1641
septem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- septem
- Transliteration
- septem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: numeral
- Occurrences
- 397
spiritus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- spiritus
- Transliteration
- spiritus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 709
Dei
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- deus
- Transliteration
- Dei
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Gloss
- God
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Definition
- God, deity
- Etymology
- Latin noun for God or a god.
- Occurrences
- 4889
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
septem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- septem
- Transliteration
- septem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: numeral
- Occurrences
- 397
stellas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- stella
- Transliteration
- stellas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 59
scio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- scio
- Transliteration
- scio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 693
opera
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- opus?
- Transliteration
- opera
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 108
tua
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tuus
- Transliteration
- tua
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5615
quia
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quia
- Transliteration
- quia
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 2543
nomen
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nomen
- Transliteration
- nomen
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1130
habes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- habeo
- Transliteration
- habes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1641
quod
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quod
- Transliteration
- quod
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1241
vivas
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uiuo
- Transliteration
- vivas
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 524
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
mortuus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- morior
- Transliteration
- mortuus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 600
es
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- es
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
1 Timothy 5:6
But she who gives herself to pleasure is dead while she lives.
22 relevance votesJames 2:26
For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, even so faith apart from works is dead.
17 relevance votesRevelation 1:4
John, to the seven assemblies that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace from God, who is and who was and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits who are before his throne;
13 relevance votesColossians 2:13
You were dead through your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh. He made you alive together with him, having forgiven us all our trespasses,
12 relevance votesJude 1:12
These are hidden rocky reefs in your love feasts when they feast with you, shepherds who without fear feed themselves; clouds without water, carried along by winds; autumn trees without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots;
10 relevance votesLuke 15:24
for this, my son, was dead and is alive again. He was lost and is found.’ Then they began to celebrate.
9 relevance votesRevelation 2:19
“I know your works, your love, faith, service, patient endurance, and that your last works are more than the first.
9 relevance votesEphesians 2:5
even when we were dead through our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—
8 relevance votesLuke 15:32
But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found.’”
7 relevance votesRevelation 1:16
He had seven stars in his right hand. Out of his mouth proceeded a sharp two-edged sword. His face was like the sun shining at its brightest.
7 relevance votesEphesians 2:1
You were made alive when you were dead in transgressions and sins,
6 relevance votesRevelation 2:13
“I know your works and where you dwell, where Satan’s throne is. You hold firmly to my name, and didn’t deny my faith in the days of Antipas my witness, my faithful one, who was killed among you, where Satan dwells.
4 relevance votes