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World English Bible

Psalms 75

World English Bible, Verse 4

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⁴ I said to the arrogant, “Don’t boast!” I said to the wicked, “Don’t lift up the horn.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 75:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 46

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

נְֽמֹגִ֗ים אֶ֥רֶץ וְכָל־יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ אָנֹכִ֨י תִכַּ֖נְתִּי עַמּוּדֶ֣יהָ סֶּֽלָה׃

8 word entries

נְֽמֹגִ֗ים

Lemma: 4127
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H4127
Occurrences: 13

אֶ֥רֶץ

Lemma: 776
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H776
Occurrences: 692

וְכָל

Lemma: c/3605
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 749

יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ

Lemma: 3427
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal participle active + suffix
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H3427
Occurrences: 600

אָנֹכִ֨י

Lemma: 595
Morphology: Hebrew: pronoun
Part of Speech: pronoun
Strong's: H595
Occurrences: 293

תִכַּ֖נְתִּי

Lemma: 8505
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel perfect 1rd person common gender singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8505
Occurrences: 15

עַמּוּדֶ֣יהָ

Lemma: 5982
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5982
Occurrences: 41

סֶּֽלָה

Lemma: 5542
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H5542
Occurrences: 74

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐκεῖ συνέτριψε τὰ κράτη τῶν τόξων, ὅπλον καὶ ῥομφαίαν καὶ πόλεμον· διάψαλμα.

12 word entries

Ἐκεῖ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκεῖ
Transliteration: ekei
Morphology: adverb
Gloss: there
Part of Speech: adverb
Definition: There, in that place.
Occurrences: 751

συνέτριψε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: συνέτριψε
Transliteration: synetripse
Morphology: vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 14

τὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

κράτη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κράτη
Transliteration: krate
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

τόξων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: τόξων
Transliteration: toxon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ὅπλον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὅπλον
Transliteration: oplon
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ῥομφαίαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ῥομφαία
Transliteration: rhomphaia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: sword
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Large sword or long blade.
Occurrences: 198

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πόλεμον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πόλεμος
Transliteration: polemos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: war
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: War, battle, or conflict.
Occurrences: 323

διάψαλμα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: διάψαλμα
Transliteration: diapsalma
Morphology: noun/liturgical marker, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: interlude, psalm pause
Part of Speech: noun/liturgical marker
Definition: Psalmic/liturgical marker, often corresponding to Selah.
Occurrences: 74

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܬܬܡܟܟ ܐܪܥܐ ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܥܡܘܪ̈ܝܗ̇ ܐܢܬ ܬܩܢܬ ܠܥܡܘܪ̈ܝܗ̇

7 word entries

ܬܬܡܟܟ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܬܡܟܟ
Transliteration: ttmkk
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 4

ܐܪܥܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܪܥܐ
Transliteration: ara
Morphology: noun, feminine emphatic singular
Gloss: earth, land
Occurrences: 731

ܘܟܠܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܟܠܗܘܢ
Transliteration: wklhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 210

ܥܡܘܪ̈ܝܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܡܘܪܝܗ
Transliteration: 'mwryh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 83

ܐܢܬ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܢܬ
Transliteration: ant
Morphology: personal pronoun, second singular
Gloss: you
Occurrences: 901

ܬܩܢܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܬܩܢܬ
Transliteration: tqnt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
Occurrences: 11

ܠܥܡܘܪ̈ܝܗ̇

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܥܡܘܪܝܗ
Transliteration: l'mwryh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 12

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

מִתְמַסְסִין דַיָרֵי אַרְעָא וְכָל יָתְבָהָא אֲנָא אַתְקֵנִית עַמוּדָהָא לְעַלְמִין׃

9 word entries

מִתְמַסְסִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תמססין
Transliteration: mtmssyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 1

דַיָרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ירי
Transliteration: dyry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 19

אַרְעָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ארע
Transliteration: 'r''
Morphology: noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss: earth, land
Occurrences: 1735

וְכָל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וכל
Transliteration: wkl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 550

יָתְבָהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתבהא
Transliteration: ytbh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 12

אֲנָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: אנא
Transliteration: 'n'
Morphology: personal pronoun first singular
Gloss: I
Occurrences: 1108

אַתְקֵנִית

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתקנית
Transliteration: 'tqnyt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 10

עַמוּדָהָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עמודהא
Transliteration: 'mwdh'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 2

לְעַלְמִין׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלמין
Transliteration: l'lmyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 126

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Ibi confregit potentias arcuum, scutum, gladium, et bellum.

10 word entries

ibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ibi
Transliteration: ibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 517

confregit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: confringo
Transliteration: confregit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 100

potentias

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: potentia
Transliteration: potentias
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 52

arcuum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: arcus
Transliteration: arcuum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 69

scutum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: scutum
Transliteration: scutum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 32

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

gladium

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: gladius
Transliteration: gladium
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 462

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

bellum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: bellum
Transliteration: bellum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 186

diapsalma

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: diapsalma
Transliteration: diapsalma
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 61

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Zechariah 1:21

Then I asked, “What are these coming to do?” He said, “These are the horns which scattered Judah, so that no man lifted up his head; but these have come to terrify them, to cast down the horns of the nations that lifted up their horn against the land of Judah to scatter it.”

10 relevance votes

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Psalms 75

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Ranked cross references

Zechariah 1:21

Proverbs 1:22

Proverbs 8:5

Psalms 148:14

Psalms 89:17

Psalms 94:8

Proverbs 9:6