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Jump to a verse in Psalms 49

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World English Bible

Psalms 49

World English Bible, Verse 12

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¹² But man, despite his riches, doesn’t endure. He is like the animals that perish.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 49:12. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 62

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

קִרְבָּ֤ם בָּתֵּ֨ימוֹ ׀ לְֽעוֹלָ֗ם מִ֭שְׁכְּנֹתָם לְדֹ֣ר וָדֹ֑ר קָֽרְא֥וּ בִ֝שְׁמוֹתָ֗ם עֲלֵ֣י אֲדָמֽוֹת׃

10 word entries

קִרְבָּ֤ם

Lemma: 7130
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7130
Occurrences: 9

בָּתֵּ֨ימוֹ

Lemma: 1004 b
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H1004
Occurrences: 1121

לְֽעוֹלָ֗ם

Lemma: l/5769
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5769
Occurrences: 177

מִ֭שְׁכְּנֹתָם

Lemma: 4908
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H4908
Occurrences: 43

לְדֹ֣ר

Lemma: l/1755
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1755
Occurrences: 68

וָדֹ֑ר

Lemma: c/1755
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H1755
Occurrences: 32

קָֽרְא֥וּ

Lemma: 7121
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H7121
Occurrences: 350

בִ֝שְׁמוֹתָ֗ם

Lemma: b/8034
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H8034
Occurrences: 123

עֲלֵ֣י

Lemma: 5921 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5921
Occurrences: 4903

אֲדָמֽוֹת

Lemma: 127
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H127
Occurrences: 93

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐὰν πεινάσω, οὐ μή σοι εἴπω, ἐμὴ γάρ ἐστιν ἡ οἰκουμένη καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῆς.

15 word entries

Ἐὰν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐάν
Transliteration: ean
Morphology: conditional particle
Gloss: if, whenever
Part of Speech: conditional particle
Definition: Conditional particle, often with subjunctive.
Occurrences: 1253

πεινάσω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: πεινάσω
Transliteration: peinaso
Morphology: future active indicative, 1st singular pattern
Gloss: I will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

οὐ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

μή

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μή
Transliteration: me
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not, lest
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle commonly used with non-indicative moods.
Occurrences: 2979

σοι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

εἴπω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εἴπω
Transliteration: eipo
Morphology: 1st singular verb or contracted noun/adjective form depending on context
Gloss: I ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 17

ἐμὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: Ἐμὴ
Transliteration: eme
Morphology: proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss: Ἐμὴ
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

γάρ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γάρ
Transliteration: gar
Morphology: postpositive explanatory conjunction
Gloss: for, because
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Explanatory or causal conjunction.
Occurrences: 1390

ἐστιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰμί
Transliteration: estin
Morphology: verb, present active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it is
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To be or exist.
Strong's: G1510
Occurrences: 5427

ἡ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

οἰκουμένη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: οἰκουμένη
Transliteration: oikoymene
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 7

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

τὸ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πλήρωμα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πλήρωμα
Transliteration: pleroma
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 10

αὐτῆς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܩܒܪ̈ܝܗܘܢ ܒ̈ܬܝܗܘܢ ܠܥܠܡ ܘܡܥܡܪܗܘܢ ܠܕܪܕܪܝܢ ܘܩܪܝܢ ܫܡ̈ܗܐ ܒܐܪܥܐ

8 word entries

ܩܒܪ̈ܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܩܒܪܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: qbryhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences: 4

ܒ̈ܬܝܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܬܝܗܘܢ
Transliteration: btyhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 12

ܠܥܠܡ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܥܠܡ
Transliteration: l'lm
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 295

ܘܡܥܡܪܗܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܥܡܪܗܘܢ
Transliteration: wm'mrhwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

ܠܕܪܕܪܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܕܪܕܪܝܢ
Transliteration: ldrdryn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 21

ܘܩܪܝܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܩܪܝܢ
Transliteration: wqryn
Morphology: possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 10

ܫܡ̈ܗܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܫܡܗܐ
Transliteration: shmh'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 35

ܒܐܪܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܐܪܥܐ
Transliteration: b'r''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 281

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בְּבֵית קְבוּרְתְּהוֹן יִשְׁרוֹן לַעֲלָם וְלָא יְקוּמוּן מִמַשְׁכְּנֵיהוֹן לְדָרֵי דָרַיָא מְטוּל דְאִתְרַבְרְבוּ וּקְנוֹ שׁוּם בִּישׁ עֲלַוֵי אַרְעָא׃

16 word entries

בְּבֵית

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: בית
Transliteration: bbyt
Morphology: prefixed preposition ב + noun construct/absolute
Gloss: in/with house, household
Occurrences: 2611

קְבוּרְתְּהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קבורתהון
Transliteration: qbwrthwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 4

יִשְׁרוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ישרון
Transliteration: yshrwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 33

לַעֲלָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלם
Transliteration: l'lm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 184

וְלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולא
Transliteration: wl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1587

יְקוּמוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יקומון
Transliteration: yqwmwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 28

מִמַשְׁכְּנֵיהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: משכניהון
Transliteration: mmshknyhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 7

לְדָרֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דרי
Transliteration: ldry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 13

דָרַיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ריא
Transliteration: dry'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 19

מְטוּל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טול
Transliteration: mtwl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 322

דְאִתְרַבְרְבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתרברבו
Transliteration: d'trbrbw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 8

וּקְנוֹ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קנו
Transliteration: wqnw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 5

שׁוּם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שום
Transliteration: shwm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 178

בִּישׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ביש
Transliteration: bysh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 184

עֲלַוֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלוי
Transliteration: 'lwy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 140

אַרְעָא׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ארע
Transliteration: 'r''
Morphology: noun feminine singular emphatic
Gloss: earth, land
Occurrences: 1735

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Si esuriero, non dicam tibi: meus est enim orbis terræ et plenitudo ejus.

13 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: si
Transliteration: si
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1970

esuriero

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: esurio
Transliteration: esuriero
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 59

non

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: non
Transliteration: non
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 7320

dicam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dicam
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

tibi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tu
Transliteration: tibi
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4602

meus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meus
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

enim

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: enim
Transliteration: enim
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 2392

orbis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: orbis
Transliteration: orbis
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 75

terrae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: terra
Transliteration: terrae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: earth
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: earth, land, ground
Etymology: Latin noun behind English terrestrial and terrain.
Occurrences: 3087

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

plenitudo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: plenitudo
Transliteration: plenitudo
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 40

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 49

Source Text Study

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