16 Like the profane mockers in feasts, they gnashed their teeth at me.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 35:16. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
7
Word Entries
43
Editorial Notes
2
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
בְּ֭חַנְפֵי לַעֲגֵ֣י מָע֑וֹג חָרֹ֖ק עָלַ֣י שִׁנֵּֽימוֹ׃
6 word entries
בְּ֭חַנְפֵי
מָע֑וֹג
חָרֹ֖ק
עָלַ֣י
Greek Brenton Septuagint
Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported
Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.
Shown from source reference 34:16 because this tradition numbers the passage differently.
Ἐπείρασάν με, ἐξεμυκτήρισάν με μυκτηρισμὸν, ἔβρυξαν ἐπʼ ἐμὲ τοὺς ὀδόντας αὐτῶν.
11 word entries
Ἐπείρασάν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ἐπείρασάν
- Transliteration
- epeirasan
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 3
με
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
ἐξεμυκτήρισάν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἐξεμυκτήρισάν
- Transliteration
- exemykterisan
- Morphology
- verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
- Gloss
- they ...
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
με
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
μυκτηρισμὸν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- μυκτηρισμὸν
- Transliteration
- mykterismon
- Morphology
- accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 5
ἔβρυξαν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- low
- Confidence note
- Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
- Lemma
- ἔβρυξαν
- Transliteration
- ebryxan
- Morphology
- aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
- Gloss
- they ... / ...
- Part of Speech
- verb/noun form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 2
ἐπʼ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐπί
- Transliteration
- ep
- Morphology
- preposition, elided form
- Gloss
- on, upon, over, against
- Part of Speech
- preposition
- Definition
- Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
- Occurrences
- 6685
ἐμὲ
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ἐγώ
- Transliteration
- ego
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative first-person singular
- Gloss
- I
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- First-person personal pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 11445
τοὺς
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- ὁ
- Transliteration
- ho
- Morphology
- definite article, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- the
- Part of Speech
- article
- Definition
- Greek definite article.
- Strong's
- G3588
- Occurrences
- 80473
ὀδόντας
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium
- Confidence note
- Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
- Lemma
- ὀδόντας
- Transliteration
- odontas
- Morphology
- accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
- Gloss
- ...
- Part of Speech
- noun/adjective form
- Definition
- Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
- Occurrences
- 12
αὐτῶν
- Status
- Rule-aligned morphology
- Confidence
- medium high
- Confidence note
- Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
- Lemma
- αὐτός
- Transliteration
- autos
- Morphology
- pronoun, nominative masculine singular
- Gloss
- he, himself
- Part of Speech
- pronoun
- Definition
- Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
- Occurrences
- 26672
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܒܫܘܒܗܪܗܘܢ ܘܒܒܘܙܚܗܘܢ ܚܪܩܘ ܥܠܝ ܫ̈ܢܝܗܘܢ
5 word entries
ܒܫܘܒܗܪܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܫܘܒܗܪܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- bshwbhrhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 4
ܘܒܒܘܙܚܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܒܒܘܙܚܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- wbbwzhhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1
ܚܪܩܘ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܚܪܩܘ
- Transliteration
- hrqw
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 1
ܥܠܝ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܥܠܝ
- Transliteration
- 'ly
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 218
ܫ̈ܢܝܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܫܢܝܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- shnyhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 6
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
בְּמִלֵי שְׁעִיעוּתָא וּמַרְהֲבַיָא וּמְמַקְנַיָא מְעַסַן עֲלַי כַּכֵיהוֹן׃
7 word entries
בְּמִלֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מלי
- Transliteration
- bmly
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 102
שְׁעִיעוּתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- שעיעותא
- Transliteration
- sh'y'wt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 2
וּמַרְהֲבַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- מרהביא
- Transliteration
- wmrhby'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
וּמְמַקְנַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- ממקניא
- Transliteration
- wmmqny'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
מְעַסַן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עסן
- Transliteration
- m'sn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 1
עֲלַי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עלי
- Transliteration
- 'ly
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 440
כַּכֵיהוֹן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- כיהון
- Transliteration
- kkyhwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 2
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Shown from source reference 34:16 because this tradition numbers the passage differently.
Dissipati sunt, nec compuncti; tentaverunt me, subsannaverunt me subsannatione; frenduerunt super me dentibus suis.
14 word entries
dissipati
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dissipo
- Transliteration
- dissipati
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 105
sunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- sunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
nec
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- nec
- Transliteration
- nec
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 750
conpuncti
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- compungo
- Transliteration
- conpuncti
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 6
temptaverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- tento
- Transliteration
- temptaverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 93
me
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- me
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
subsannaverunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- subsanno
- Transliteration
- subsannaverunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 14
me
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- me
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
subsannatione
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- subsannatio
- Transliteration
- subsannatione
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 8
frenduerunt
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- frendeo
- Transliteration
- frenduerunt
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 2
super
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- super
- Transliteration
- super
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3146
me
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ego
- Transliteration
- me
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 6108
dentibus
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dens
- Transliteration
- dentibus
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 59
suis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- suus
- Transliteration
- suis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 5783
Spirit Nation Greek LXX Alignment Note
English · Greek Septuagint Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Greek Septuagint tradition often follows different ordering, grouping, or book structure here. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "With hypocritical mockers in feasts, they gnashed upon me with their teeth." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
Spirit Nation Latin Vulgate Alignment Note
English · Latin Vulgate Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Clementine Vulgate source does not expose this exact reader reference as a one-to-one source row. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "With hypocritical mockers in feasts, they gnashed upon me with their teeth." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Lamentations 2:16
All your enemies have opened their mouth wide against you. They hiss and gnash their teeth. They say, “We have swallowed her up. Certainly this is the day that we looked for. We have found it. We have seen it.”
6 relevance votesJob 16:9
He has torn me in his wrath and persecuted me. He has gnashed on me with his teeth. My adversary sharpens his eyes on me.
5 relevance votesPsalms 37:12
The wicked plots against the just, and gnashes at him with his teeth.
5 relevance votesJohn 18:28
They led Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. It was early, and they themselves didn’t enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.
3 relevance votesActs 7:54
Now when they heard these things, they were cut to the heart, and they gnashed at him with their teeth.
3 relevance votes1 Corinthians 5:8
Therefore let’s keep the feast, not with old yeast, neither with the yeast of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.
2 relevance votes