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World English Bible

Psalms 12

World English Bible, Verse 3

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³ May Yahweh cut off all flattering lips, and the tongue that boasts,

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 12:3. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 54

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

שָׁ֤וְא ׀ יְֽדַבְּרוּ֮ אִ֤ישׁ אֶת־רֵ֫עֵ֥הוּ שְׂפַ֥ת חֲלָק֑וֹת בְּלֵ֖ב וָלֵ֣ב יְדַבֵּֽרוּ׃

10 word entries

שָׁ֤וְא

Lemma: 7723
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7723
Occurrences: 37

יְֽדַבְּרוּ֮

Lemma: 1696
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1696
Occurrences: 702

אִ֤ישׁ

Lemma: 376
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H376
Occurrences: 1458

אֶת

Lemma: 854
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H854
Occurrences: 674

רֵ֫עֵ֥הוּ

Lemma: 7453
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7453
Occurrences: 129

שְׂפַ֥ת

Lemma: 8193
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H8193
Occurrences: 144

חֲלָק֑וֹת

Lemma: 2513 b
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2513
Occurrences: 4

בְּלֵ֖ב

Lemma: b/3820 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H3820
Occurrences: 70

וָלֵ֣ב

Lemma: c/3820 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3820
Occurrences: 38

יְדַבֵּֽרוּ

Lemma: 1696
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1696
Occurrences: 702

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐπίβλεψον, εἰσάκουσόν μου, Κύριε ὁ Θεός μου· φώτισον τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς μου, μή ποτε ὑπνώσω εἰς θάνατον·

16 word entries

Ἐπίβλεψον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπίβλεψον
Transliteration: epiblepson
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

εἰσάκουσόν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εἰσάκουσόν
Transliteration: eisakoyson
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 9

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

Κύριε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: κύριος
Transliteration: kyrios
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: Lord, master
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Lord, master, owner, or title for God.
Occurrences: 7934

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Θεός

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: θεός
Transliteration: theos
Morphology: noun
Gloss: God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity, or divine being.
Strong's: G2316
Occurrences: 3522

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

φώτισον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: φώτισον
Transliteration: photison
Morphology: accusative masculine or nominative/accusative neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τοὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ὀφθαλμούς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὀφθαλμός
Transliteration: ophthalmous
Morphology: noun, masculine accusative plural
Gloss: eyes
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Eye; by extension sight or perception.
Occurrences: 553

μου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐγώ
Transliteration: ego
Morphology: pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss: I
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 11445

μή

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μή
Transliteration: me
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not, lest
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle commonly used with non-indicative moods.
Occurrences: 2979

ποτε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ποτε
Transliteration: pote
Morphology: enclitic temporal particle/adverb
Gloss: once, ever, at some time
Part of Speech: particle/adverb
Definition: Indefinite temporal particle meaning once, ever, or at some time.
Occurrences: 64

ὑπνώσω

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ὑπνώσω
Transliteration: ypnoso
Morphology: future active indicative, 1st singular pattern
Gloss: I will ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

θάνατον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: θάνατος
Transliteration: thanatos
Morphology: noun, masculine nominative singular
Gloss: death
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Death.
Occurrences: 301

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܣܪܝܩܘܬܐ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ ܘܓܒܪܐ ܥܡ ܚܒܪܗ ܒܣ̈ܦܘܬܐ ܡ̈ܦܠܓܬܐ ܒܠܒܐ ܘܒܠܒܐ ܡܡܠܠܝܢ

10 word entries

ܣܪܝܩܘܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: SRJQWT>
Morphology: SRJQW/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܡܡܠܠܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MMLLJN
Morphology: !M!MLL[/JN:d
Occurrences: 0

ܘܓܒܪܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WGBR>
Morphology: W-GBR/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܥܡ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <M
Morphology: <M
Occurrences: 0

ܚܒܪܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: XBRH
Morphology: XBR/-H
Occurrences: 0

ܒܣ̈ܦܘܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BS"PWT>
Morphology: B-SP(>&W/T=~>
Occurrences: 0

ܡ̈ܦܠܓܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: M"PLGT>
Morphology: !M!PLG[/T=~>:dp
Occurrences: 0

ܒܠܒܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BLB>
Morphology: B-LB/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܒܠܒܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WBLB>
Morphology: W-B-LB/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܡܡܠܠܝܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MMLLJN
Morphology: !M!MLL[/JN:d
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

שִׁקְרָא מְמַלְלִין אֱנָשׁ עִם חַבְרֵיהּ סִפְוָתָא שְׁעִיאָן בִּלְבָבֵהוֹן מְנַבְּלִין וּבְלִבָּא שִׁקְרָא מְמַלְלִין׃

12 word entries

שִׁקְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שקרא
Transliteration: shqr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 195

מְמַלְלִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מללין
Transliteration: mmllyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 28

אֱנָשׁ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אנש
Transliteration: 'nsh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 341

עִם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with
Occurrences: 1754

חַבְרֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חבריה
Transliteration: chbryh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 101

סִפְוָתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ספותא
Transliteration: spwt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 6

שְׁעִיאָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שעיאן
Transliteration: sh'y'n
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

בִּלְבָבֵהוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לבבהון
Transliteration: blbbhwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 2

מְנַבְּלִין

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נבלין
Transliteration: mnblyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 10

וּבְלִבָּא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בלבא
Transliteration: wblb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

שִׁקְרָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: שקרא
Transliteration: shqr'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 195

מְמַלְלִין׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מללין
Transliteration: mmllyn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 28

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

usquequo exaltabitur inimicus meus super me?

6 word entries

usquequo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: usque
Transliteration: usquequo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 1221

exaltabitur

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: exalto
Transliteration: exaltabitur
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 162

inimicus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: inimicus
Transliteration: inimicus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 389

meus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meus
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

super

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: super
Transliteration: super
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 3146

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ego
Transliteration: me
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 6108

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Proverbs 18:21

Death and life are in the power of the tongue; those who love it will eat its fruit.

6 relevance votes

Daniel 7:8

“I considered the horns, and behold, there came up among them another horn, a little one, before which three of the first horns were plucked up by the roots; and behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of a man, and a mouth speaking arrogantly.

5 relevance votes

Revelation 13:5

A mouth speaking great things and blasphemy was given to him. Authority to make war for forty-two months was given to him.

5 relevance votes

Psalms 17:10

They close up their callous hearts. With their mouth they speak proudly.

4 relevance votes

Malachi 3:13

“Your words have been harsh against me,” says Yahweh. “Yet you say, ‘What have we spoken against you?’

2 relevance votes

Ezekiel 29:3

Speak and say, ‘The Lord Yahweh says: “Behold, I am against you, Pharaoh king of Egypt, the great monster that lies in the middle of his rivers, that has said, ‘My river is my own, and I have made it for myself.’

2 relevance votes

Ezekiel 28:2

“Son of man, tell the prince of Tyre, ‘The Lord Yahweh says: “Because your heart is lifted up, and you have said, ‘I am a god, I sit in the seat of God, in the middle of the seas;’ yet you are man, and no god, though you set your heart as the heart of a god—

2 relevance votes

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Psalms 12

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Proverbs 18:21

Daniel 7:8

Revelation 13:5

Psalms 17:10

Malachi 3:13

Ezekiel 29:3

Ezekiel 28:2

Daniel 7:25

2 Peter 2:18

Exodus 15:9

1 Samuel 2:3

Ezekiel 28:9