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World English Bible

Psalms 111

World English Bible, Verse 4

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⁴ He has caused his wonderful works to be remembered. Yahweh is gracious and merciful.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 111:4. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 42

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

זֵ֣כֶר עָ֭שָׂה לְנִפְלְאֹתָ֑יו חַנּ֖וּן וְרַח֣וּם יְהוָֽה׃

6 word entries

זֵ֣כֶר

Lemma: 2143
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2143
Occurrences: 17

עָ֭שָׂה

Lemma: 6213 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6213
Occurrences: 1634

לְנִפְלְאֹתָ֑יו

Lemma: l/6381
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + verb niphal participle active + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H6381
Occurrences: 6

חַנּ֖וּן

Lemma: 2587
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H2587
Occurrences: 10

וְרַח֣וּם

Lemma: c/7349
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + adjective
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7349
Occurrences: 8

יְהוָֽה

Lemma: 3068
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3068
Occurrences: 5701

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ἐξανέτειλεν ἐν σκότει φῶς τοῖς εὐθέσιν· ἐλεήμων καὶ οἰκτίρμων καὶ δίκαιος.

11 word entries

Ἐξανέτειλεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: ἐξανέτειλεν
Transliteration: exaneteilen
Morphology: verb, aorist/imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular pattern
Gloss: he/she ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

σκότει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: σκότει
Transliteration: skotei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 31

φῶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: φῶς
Transliteration: phos
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: light
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Light.
Occurrences: 113

τοῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

εὐθέσιν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: εὐθέσιν
Transliteration: eythesin
Morphology: dative plural noun pattern or 3rd plural verb ending depending on context
Gloss: to/for ... / they ...
Part of Speech: noun/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

ἐλεήμων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐλεήμων
Transliteration: eleemon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οἰκτίρμων

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: οἰκτίρμων
Transliteration: oiktirmon
Morphology: Greek -ων form; often genitive plural noun/adjective or nominative masculine participle
Gloss: of ... / being ...
Part of Speech: participle/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 15

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

δίκαιος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: δίκαιος
Transliteration: dikaios
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: righteous, just
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Righteous, just, upright.
Occurrences: 227

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܥܘܗܕܢܐ ܝܗܒ ܠܬܕܡܪ̈ܬܗ ܡܪܚܡܢ ܗܘ ܘܡܪܚܦܢ ܡܪܝܐ

7 word entries

ܥܘܗܕܢܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܥܘܗܕܢܐ
Transliteration: 'whdn'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 8

ܝܗܒ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܝܗܒ
Transliteration: yahab
Morphology: verb root/form
Gloss: gave
Occurrences: 147

ܠܬܕܡܪ̈ܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܠܬܕܡܪܬܗ
Transliteration: ltdmrth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences: 1

ܡܪܚܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܪܚܡܢ
Transliteration: mrhmn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 6

ܗܘ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘ
Transliteration: hu
Morphology: pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss: he, it, is
Occurrences: 2003

ܘܡܪܚܦܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܡܪܚܦܢ
Transliteration: wmrhpn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

ܡܪܝܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܡܪܝܐ
Transliteration: maryah
Morphology: divine title, emphatic form
Gloss: Lord
Occurrences: 2917

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

דָכְרָן טָב עֲבַד לִפְרִשְׁוָתֵיהּ חֲנָנָא וְרַחֲמָנָא יְיָ׃

7 word entries

דָכְרָן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: כרן
Transliteration: dkrn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 20

טָב

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: טב
Transliteration: tb
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 212

עֲבַד

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עבד
Transliteration: 'bd
Morphology: verbal or nominal root עבד
Gloss: made, did, served
Occurrences: 1208

לִפְרִשְׁוָתֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: פרשותיה
Transliteration: lprshwtyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 6

חֲנָנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חננא
Transliteration: chnn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 9

וְרַחֲמָנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רחמנא
Transliteration: wrchmn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 10

יְיָ׃

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהוה
Transliteration: yy
Morphology: divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss: the Lord
Occurrences: 3908

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Exortum est in tenebris lumen rectis: misericors, et miserator, et justus.

11 word entries

exortum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: exorior
Transliteration: exortum
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 10

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

tenebris

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tenebrae
Transliteration: tenebris
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 162

lumen

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: lumen
Transliteration: lumen
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 90

rectis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: rectus
Transliteration: rectis
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 112

misericors

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: misericors
Transliteration: misericors
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 36

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

miserator

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: miserator
Transliteration: miserator
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

iustus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: iustus
Transliteration: iustus
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 427

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Psalms 103:8

Yahweh is merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness.

8 relevance votes

Isaiah 63:7

I will tell of the loving kindnesses of Yahweh and the praises of Yahweh, according to all that Yahweh has given to us, and the great goodness toward the house of Israel, which he has given to them according to his mercies, and according to the multitude of his loving kindnesses.

7 relevance votes

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Psalms 111

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Psalms 103:8

Isaiah 63:7

Psalms 145:8

Psalms 86:5

Psalms 112:4

Psalms 78:38

Psalms 86:15

1 Timothy 1:14

Deuteronomy 4:9