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World English Bible

Psalms 10

World English Bible, Verse 2

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² In arrogance, the wicked hunt down the weak. They are caught in the schemes that they devise.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Psalms 10:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 56

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע יִדְלַ֣ק עָנִ֑י יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ ׀ בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת ז֣וּ חָשָֽׁבוּ׃

8 word entries

בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת

Lemma: b/1346
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H1346
Occurrences: 4

רָ֭שָׁע

Lemma: 7563
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H7563
Occurrences: 201

יִדְלַ֣ק

Lemma: 1814
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1814
Occurrences: 6

עָנִ֑י

Lemma: 6041
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H6041
Occurrences: 59

יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ

Lemma: 8610
Morphology: Hebrew: verb niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H8610
Occurrences: 32

בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת

Lemma: b/4209
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common feminine plural absolute
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4209
Occurrences: 1

ז֣וּ

Lemma: 2098
Morphology: Hebrew: particle relative
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H2098
Occurrences: 15

חָשָֽׁבוּ

Lemma: 2803
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person common gender plural
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H2803
Occurrences: 94

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ὅτι ἰδοὺ οἱ ἁμαρτωλοὶ ἐνέτειναν τόξον, ἡτοίμασαν βέλη εἰς φαρέτραν, τοῦ κατατοξεῦσαι ἐν σκοτομήνῃ τοὺς εὐθεῖς τῇ καρδίᾳ.

18 word entries

Ὅτι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὅτι
Transliteration: hoti
Morphology: subordinating conjunction
Gloss: that, because, for
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Conjunction introducing cause, content, or explanation.
Occurrences: 3703

ἰδοὺ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἰδού
Transliteration: idou
Morphology: interjection/particle
Gloss: behold, look
Part of Speech: particle/interjection
Definition: Attention marker or interjection.
Occurrences: 1077

οἱ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

ἁμαρτωλοὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἁμαρτωλοὶ
Transliteration: amartoloi
Morphology: nominative plural masculine pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 22

ἐνέτειναν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐνέτειναν
Transliteration: eneteinan
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

τόξον

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τόξον
Transliteration: toxon
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: bow
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Bow, either weapon or rainbow-like arc depending on context.
Occurrences: 48

ἡτοίμασαν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἡτοίμασαν
Transliteration: etoimasan
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd plural pattern
Gloss: they ...
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 16

βέλη

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: βέλη
Transliteration: bele
Morphology: nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 20

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

φαρέτραν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φαρέτραν
Transliteration: pharetran
Morphology: aorist 3rd plural verb pattern or accusative feminine noun pattern depending on context
Gloss: they ... / ...
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

τοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

κατατοξεῦσαι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: κατατοξεῦσαι
Transliteration: katatoxeysai
Morphology: Greek -σαι form; likely aorist infinitive or middle/passive verb form depending on context
Gloss: to ...
Part of Speech: infinitive/verb form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

σκοτομήνῃ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: σκοτομήνῃ
Transliteration: skotomene
Morphology: subjunctive/dative singular pattern depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 1

τοὺς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

εὐθεῖς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: εὐθεῖς
Transliteration: eytheis
Morphology: Greek -εις form; likely verb 2nd singular or plural noun/adjective depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 14

τῇ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

καρδίᾳ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καρδία
Transliteration: kardia
Morphology: noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss: heart
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Heart, inner life, mind, or will.
Occurrences: 867

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܒܫܘܒܗܪܗ ܕܪܫܝܥܐ ܝܩܕ ܡܣܟܢܐ ܢܬܬܚܕܘܢ ܒܬܪܥܝܬܐ ܗܝ ܕܐܬܚܫܒܘ

8 word entries

ܒܫܘܒܗܪܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BCWBHRH
Morphology: B-CWBHR/-H
Occurrences: 0

ܕܪܫܝܥܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: DRCJ<>
Morphology: D-RCJ</~>
Occurrences: 0

ܝܩܕ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: JQD
Morphology: JQD[/
Occurrences: 0

ܡܣܟܢܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MSKN>
Morphology: MSKN/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܢܬܬܚܕܘܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: NTTXDWN
Morphology: !N!@(>T@(>&TXD[WN
Occurrences: 0

ܒܬܪܥܝܬܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: BTR<JT>
Morphology: B-TR<J/T~>
Occurrences: 0

ܗܝ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: HJ
Morphology: HJ==
Occurrences: 0

ܕܐܬܚܫܒܘ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: D>TXCBW
Morphology: D-@>T@XCB[W:d
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

בְּגַסוֹת רַשִׁיעָא יִדְלַק עַנְיָא יִתְאַחְדוּן בְּנִכְלוּתָא דְנָא דִי חֲשַׁבוּ לְמֶעְבָּד׃

10 word entries

בְּגַסוֹת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: גסות
Transliteration: bgswt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

רַשִׁיעָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: רשיעא
Transliteration: rshy''
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 147

יִדְלַק

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ידלק
Transliteration: ydlq
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 7

עַנְיָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עניא
Transliteration: 'ny'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 31

יִתְאַחְדוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתאחדון
Transliteration: yt'chdwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

בְּנִכְלוּתָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נכלותא
Transliteration: bnklwt'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 1

דְנָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: דנא
Transliteration: dn'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 30

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1711

חֲשַׁבוּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חשבו
Transliteration: chshbw
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1

לְמֶעְבָּד׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מעבד
Transliteration: lm'bd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 278

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

[In Domino confido; quomodo dicitis animæ meæ: Transmigra in montem sicut passer?

12 word entries

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Domino

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dominus
Transliteration: Domino
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 8181

confido

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: confido
Transliteration: confido
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 90

quomodo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quomodo
Transliteration: quomodo
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 284

dicitis

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: dico
Transliteration: dicitis
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 6477

animae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: anima
Transliteration: animae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 916

meae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: meus
Transliteration: meae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 4586

transmigra

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: transmigris
Transliteration: transmigra
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 1

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

montes

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: mons
Transliteration: montes
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 644

sicut

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sicut
Transliteration: sicut
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 1559

passer

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: passer
Transliteration: passer
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 21

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Psalms 10

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