Numbers
Chapter 20
Verse 20
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World English Bible

Numbers 20

World English Bible, Verse 20

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20 He said, “You shall not pass through.” Edom came out against him with many people, and with a strong hand.

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Numbers 20:20. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 67
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹ֣א תַעֲבֹ֑ר וַיֵּצֵ֤א אֱדוֹם֙ לִקְרָאת֔וֹ בְּעַ֥ם כָּבֵ֖ד וּבְיָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה׃

10 word entries
וַיֹּ֖אמֶר
Lemma
c/559
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H559
Occurrences
3026
לֹ֣א
Lemma
3808
Morphology
Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H3808
Occurrences
3277
תַעֲבֹ֑ר
Lemma
5674 a
Morphology
Hebrew: verb qal imperfect 2rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
verb
Strong's
H5674
Occurrences
330
וַיֵּצֵ֤א
Lemma
c/3318
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3318
Occurrences
388
אֱדוֹם֙
Lemma
123
Morphology
Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H123
Occurrences
81
לִקְרָאת֔וֹ
Lemma
l/7125
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + verb qal infinitive construct + suffix
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H7125
Occurrences
100
בְּעַ֥ם
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H5971
Occurrences
60
כָּבֵ֖ד
Lemma
3515
Morphology
Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech
adjective
Strong's
H3515
Occurrences
31
וּבְיָ֥ד
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H3027
Occurrences
50
חֲזָקָֽה
Lemma
2389
Morphology
Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech
adjective
Strong's
H2389
Occurrences
39
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, οὐ διελεύσῃ διʼ ἐμοῦ· καὶ ἐξῆλθεν Ἐδὼμ εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτῷ ἐν ὄχλῳ βαρεῖ, καὶ ἐν χειρὶ ἰσχυρᾷ.

20 word entries
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
δὲ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
δέ
Transliteration
de
Morphology
postpositive conjunction/particle
Gloss
but, and, now
Part of Speech
conjunction/particle
Definition
Postpositive connective conjunction.
Occurrences
4634
εἶπεν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
eipen
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it said
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To say or speak.
Occurrences
5490
οὐ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
οὐ
Transliteration
ou
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Part of Speech
particle
Definition
Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences
5892
διελεύσῃ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
dieleyse
Morphology
nominative feminine singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
3
διʼ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
διά
Transliteration
di
Morphology
preposition, elided form
Gloss
through, because of
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided form of διά.
Occurrences
881
ἐμοῦ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐγώ
Transliteration
ego
Morphology
pronoun, nominative first-person singular
Gloss
I
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
First-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences
11445
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐξῆλθεν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
exelthen
Morphology
verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it went out
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To go out, come out, or depart.
Occurrences
386
Ἐδὼμ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
edom
Morphology
proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss
Ἐδὼμ
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
33
εἰς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
εἰς
Transliteration
eis
Morphology
preposition with accusative
Gloss
into, to, for
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences
6787
συνάντησιν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
synantesin
Morphology
noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss
meeting, encounter
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Meeting or encounter.
Occurrences
70
αὐτῷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
ὄχλῳ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
ochlo
Morphology
dative singular masculine/neuter pattern
Gloss
to/for ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
8
βαρεῖ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
barei
Morphology
dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
8
καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐν
Transliteration
en
Morphology
preposition with dative
Gloss
in, among, with
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's
G1722
Occurrences
13086
χειρὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
cheir
Morphology
noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss
hand
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Hand or power.
Occurrences
1718
ἰσχυρᾷ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
ischyr
Morphology
nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
6
Targum Onkelos Torah Aramaic · Targum Onkelos · Public Domain

Coverage: Torah

Ancient Aramaic Torah translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as the Hebrew original text.

וַאֲמַר לָא תְעִבָּר וּנְפַק אֱדוֹמָאָה לָקֳדָמוּתֵיהּ בְּחֵיל רַב וּבִידָא תַקִיפָא

10 word entries
וַאֲמַר
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
אמר
Transliteration
w'mr
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root אמר, speech/action form
Gloss
and said, spoke
Occurrences
1144
לָא
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
לא
Transliteration
l'
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Occurrences
1040
תְעִבָּר
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
t'br
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
11
וּנְפַק
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
נפק
Transliteration
wnpq
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root נפק
Gloss
and went out, came forth
Occurrences
83
אֱדוֹמָאָה
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
'dwm'h
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
4
לָקֳדָמוּתֵיהּ
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
lqdmwtyh
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
1
בְּחֵיל
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
חיל
Transliteration
bchyl
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
8
רַב
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
רב
Transliteration
rb
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
45
וּבִידָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
wbyd'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
7
תַקִיפָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tqyp'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
19
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܐܡܪ ܐܕܘܡ ܠܐ ܬܥܒܪܘܢ. ܘܢܦܩ ܐܕܘܡ ܠܐܘܪܥܗܘܢ ܒܥܡܐ ܥܫܝܢܐ. ܘܒܐܝܕܐ ܬܩܝܦܬܐ.

11 word entries
ܘܐܡܪ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
w'mr
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
1697
ܐܕܘܡ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'dwm
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
64
ܠܐ
Confidence
medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma
ܠܐ
Transliteration
la
Morphology
negative particle
Gloss
not
Occurrences
2566
ܬܥܒܪܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
t'brwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
Occurrences
2
ܘܢܦܩ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wnpq
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
119
ܐܕܘܡ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'dwm
Morphology
Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences
64
ܠܐܘܪܥܗܘܢ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
l'wr'hwn
Morphology
possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
Occurrences
12
ܒܥܡܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
b'm'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences
27
ܥܫܝܢܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
'shyn'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
84
ܘܒܐܝܕܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
wb'yd'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences
21
ܬܩܝܦܬܐ
Confidence
low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note
Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Transliteration
tqypt'
Morphology
probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences
15
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

At ille respondit: Non transibis. Statimque egressus est obvius, cum infinita multitudo, et manu forti,

16 word entries
at
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
at
Transliteration
at
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
286
ille
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ille
Transliteration
ille
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
4947
respondit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
respondit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
851
non
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
non
Transliteration
non
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
7320
transibis
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
transeo
Transliteration
transibis
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
403
statimque
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
statim
Transliteration
statimque
Morphology
GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences
160
{statimque}
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
que
Transliteration
{statimque}
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences
4392
egressus
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
egressus
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
667
est
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
sum
Transliteration
est
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
20614
obvius
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
obuius
Transliteration
obvius
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
7
cum
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
cum
Transliteration
cum
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
5272
infinita
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
infinita
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
18
multitudine
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
multitudine
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
391
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
manu
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
manus
Transliteration
manu
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
1822
forti
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
fortis
Transliteration
forti
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
326

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Judges 11:17

then Israel sent messengers to the king of Edom, saying, ‘Please let me pass through your land;’ but the king of Edom didn’t listen. In the same way, he sent to the king of Moab, but he refused; so Israel stayed in Kadesh.

5 relevance votes

Amos 1:11

Yahweh says: “For three transgressions of Edom, yes, for four, I will not turn away its punishment, because he pursued his brother with the sword and cast off all pity, and his anger raged continually, and he kept his wrath forever;

5 relevance votes

Genesis 27:41

Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing with which his father blessed him. Esau said in his heart, “The days of mourning for my father are at hand. Then I will kill my brother Jacob.”

2 relevance votes

Numbers 20:18

Edom said to him, “You shall not pass through me, lest I come out with the sword against you.”

2 relevance votes

Genesis 32:6

The messengers returned to Jacob, saying, “We came to your brother Esau. He is coming to meet you, and four hundred men are with him.”

2 relevance votes

Psalms 120:7

I am for peace, but when I speak, they are for war.

2 relevance votes

Judges 11:20

But Sihon didn’t trust Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and encamped in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.

2 relevance votes
Chapter 20 of 36 Verse 20 of 29