8 He said to them, “Moses, because of the hardness of your hearts, allowed you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it has not been so.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Matthew 19:8. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
4
Word Entries
75
Editorial Notes
0
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Greek Textus Receptus
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament
Greek New Testament source layer with imported morphology.
Λέγει αὐτοῖς ὅτι Μωσῆς πρὸς τὴν σκληροκαρδίαν ὑμῶν ἐπέτρεψεν ὑμῖν ἀπολῦσαι τὰς γυναῖκας ὑμῶν· ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς δὲ οὐ γέγονεν οὕτω.
20 word entries
Λέγει
αὐτοῖς
ὅτι
Μωσῆς
πρὸς
τὴν
σκληροκαρδίαν
- Lemma
- sklhrokardian
- Transliteration
- sklhrokardian
- Morphology
- Greek: noun accusative singular feminine
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Strong's
- G4641
- Occurrences
- 3
ὑμῶν
ἐπέτρεψεν
ὑμῖν
ἀπολῦσαι
τὰς
γυναῖκας
ὑμῶν
ἀπ᾿
ἀρχῆς
δὲ
οὐ
γέγονεν
Tischendorf / Westcott-Hort Greek New Testament
Greek · Greek New Testament · Public Domain
Coverage: New Testament sample / proof panel
Proof-of-flow source panel, not full coverage.
λέγει αὐτοῖς· ὅτι Μωϋσῆς πρὸς τὴν σκληροκαρδίαν ὑμῶν ἐπέτρεψεν ὑμῖν ἀπολῦσαι τὰς γυναῖκας ὑμῶν· ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς δὲ οὐ γέγονεν οὕτως.
20 word entries
πρὸς
τὴν
σκληροκαρδίαν
- Lemma
- σκληροκαρδία
- Morphology
- N-ASF
- Part of Speech
- N
- Strong's
- G4641
- Occurrences
- 3
τὰς
Syriac Peshitta New Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: New Testament
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܐܡܪ ܠܗܘܢ ܡܘܫܐ ܠܘܩܒܠ ܩܫܝܘܬ ܠܒܟܘܢ ܐܦܣ ܠܟܘܢ ܕܬܫܪܘܢ ܢܫܝܟܘܢ ܡܢ ܒܪܫܝܬ ܕܝܢ ܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܗܟܢܐ
16 word entries
ܐܡܪ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܐܡܪ
- Transliteration
- emar
- Morphology
- verb root/form
- Gloss
- said, spoke
- Occurrences
- 885
ܠܗܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܗܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lhwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 830
ܡܘܫܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܘܫܐ
- Transliteration
- mwsh'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 53
ܠܘܩܒܠ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܘܩܒܠ
- Transliteration
- lwqbl
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 36
ܩܫܝܘܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܩܫܝܘܬ
- Transliteration
- qshywt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending
- Occurrences
- 4
ܠܒܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܒܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lbkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 10
ܐܦܣ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܐܦܣ
- Transliteration
- 'ps
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 8
ܠܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܠܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- lkwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition l-
- Occurrences
- 676
ܕܬܫܪܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܬܫܪܘܢ
- Transliteration
- dtshrwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 2
ܢܫܝܟܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܫܝܟܘܢ
- Transliteration
- nshykwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 5
ܡܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܡܢ
- Transliteration
- mn
- Morphology
- Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
- Occurrences
- 2166
ܒܪܫܝܬ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܒܪܫܝܬ
- Transliteration
- brshyt
- Morphology
- possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
- Occurrences
- 10
ܕܝܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܝܢ
- Transliteration
- dyn
- Morphology
- possible plural/participle or finite verbal ending; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 1830
ܠܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܠܐ
- Transliteration
- la
- Morphology
- negative particle
- Gloss
- not
- Occurrences
- 1681
ܗܘܐ
- Confidence
- medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
- Lemma
- ܗܘܐ
- Transliteration
- hwa
- Morphology
- verb, being/becoming root form
- Gloss
- was, became
- Occurrences
- 1535
ܗܟܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܗܟܢܐ
- Transliteration
- hkn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 220
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Ait illis: Quoniam Moyses ad duritiam cordis vestri permisit vobis dimittere uxores vestras: ab initio autem non fuit sic.
19 word entries
ait
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- aio
- Transliteration
- ait
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 1222
illis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ille
- Transliteration
- illis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 4947
quoniam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- quoniam
- Transliteration
- quoniam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 1134
Moses
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- Moses
- Transliteration
- Moses
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: proper noun
- Occurrences
- 737
ad
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ad
- Transliteration
- ad
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7531
duritiam
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- duritia
- Transliteration
- duritiam
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 11
cordis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- cor
- Transliteration
- cordis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 1028
vestri
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uester
- Transliteration
- vestri
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1504
permisit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- permitto
- Transliteration
- permisit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 35
vobis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uos
- Transliteration
- vobis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 2958
dimittere
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- dimitto
- Transliteration
- dimittere
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 425
uxores
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uxor
- Transliteration
- uxores
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 505
vestras
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uester
- Transliteration
- vestras
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 1504
ab
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- ab
- Transliteration
- ab
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
- Occurrences
- 3693
initio
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- initium
- Transliteration
- initio
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 101
autem
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- autem
- Transliteration
- autem
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Occurrences
- 5069
non
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- non
- Transliteration
- non
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 7320
sic
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sic
- Transliteration
- sic
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 584
fuit
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- fuit
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Genesis 2:24
Therefore a man will leave his father and his mother, and will join with his wife, and they will be one flesh.
4 relevance votesJeremiah 6:16
Yahweh says, “Stand in the ways and see, and ask for the old paths, ‘Where is the good way?’ and walk in it, and you will find rest for your souls. But they said, ‘We will not walk in it.’
2 relevance votesMark 10:5
But Jesus said to them, “For your hardness of heart, he wrote you this commandment.
2 relevance votesZechariah 7:12
Yes, they made their hearts as hard as flint, lest they might hear the law and the words which Yahweh of Armies had sent by his Spirit by the former prophets. Therefore great wrath came from Yahweh of Armies.
2 relevance votesGenesis 7:7
Noah went into the ship with his sons, his wife, and his sons’ wives, because of the floodwaters.
1 relevance votesMatthew 3:15
But Jesus, answering, said to him, “Allow it now, for this is the fitting way for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then he allowed him.
1 relevance votesPsalms 95:8
Don’t harden your heart, as at Meribah, as in the day of Massah in the wilderness,
0 relevance votes1 Corinthians 7:6
But this I say by way of concession, not of commandment.
0 relevance votesMatthew 8:31
The demons begged him, saying, “If you cast us out, permit us to go away into the herd of pigs.”
0 relevance votes