Malachi 2

World English Bible, Verse 15

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¹⁵ Did he not make you one, although he had the residue of the Spirit? Why one? He sought godly offspring. Therefore take heed to your spirit, and let no one deal treacherously against the wife of his youth.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Malachi 2:15. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 118

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וְלֹא־אֶחָ֣ד עָשָׂ֗ה וּשְׁאָ֥ר ר֙וּחַ֙ ל֔וֹ וּמָה֙ הָֽאֶחָ֔ד מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ זֶ֣רַע אֱלֹהִ֑ים וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ בְּר֣וּחֲכֶ֔ם וּבְאֵ֥שֶׁת נְעוּרֶ֖יךָ אַל־יִבְגֹּֽד׃

17 word entries

וְלֹא

Lemma: c/3808
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3808
Occurrences: 1593

אֶחָ֣ד

Lemma: 259
Morphology: Hebrew: adjective
Part of Speech: adjective
Strong's: H259
Occurrences: 678

עָשָׂ֗ה

Lemma: 6213 a
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H6213
Occurrences: 1634

וּשְׁאָ֥ר

Lemma: c/7605
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H7605
Occurrences: 15

ר֨וּחַ֙

Lemma: 7307
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H7307
Occurrences: 271

ל֔וֹ

Lemma: l
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Occurrences: 4413

וּמָה֙

Lemma: c/4100
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + particle
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H4100
Occurrences: 80

הָֽאֶחָ֔ד

Lemma: d/259
Morphology: Hebrew: particle definite article + adjective
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H259
Occurrences: 150

מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ

Lemma: 1245
Morphology: Hebrew: verb piel participle active
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H1245
Occurrences: 141

זֶ֣רַע

Lemma: 2233
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H2233
Occurrences: 135

אֱלֹהִ֑ים

Lemma: 430
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common masculine plural absolute
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H430
Occurrences: 1993

וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙

Lemma: c/8104
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb niphal sequential perfect 2rd person masculine plural
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H8104
Occurrences: 102

בְּר֣וּחֲכֶ֔ם

Lemma: b/7307
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender singular construct + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H7307
Occurrences: 22

וּבְאֵ֥שֶׁת

Lemma: c/b/802
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + preposition + noun common feminine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H802
Occurrences: 5

נְעוּרֶ֖יךָ

Lemma: 5271 a
Morphology: Hebrew: noun common both gender plural construct + suffix
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H5271
Occurrences: 19

אַל

Lemma: 408
Morphology: Hebrew: particle
Part of Speech: particle
Strong's: H408
Occurrences: 576

יִבְגֹּֽד

Lemma: 898
Morphology: Hebrew: verb qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: verb
Strong's: H898
Occurrences: 39

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ οὐ καλὸν ἐποίησε; καὶ ὑπόλειμμα πνεύματος αὐτοῦ· καὶ εἴπατε, τί ἄλλο ἢ σπέρμα ζητεῖ ὁ Θεός; καὶ φυλάξασθε ἐν τῷ πνεύματι ὑμῶν, καὶ γυναῖκα νεότητός σου μὴ ἐγκαταλίπῃς.

29 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

οὐ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: οὐ
Transliteration: ou
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle before rough breathing.
Occurrences: 5892

καλὸν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καλός
Transliteration: kalon
Morphology: adjective, accusative masculine singular or nominative/accusative neuter singular
Gloss: good, beautiful
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: Good, beautiful, noble.
Occurrences: 62

ἐποίησε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ποιέω
Transliteration: epoiese
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she/it made, did
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To make, do, perform, or produce.
Strong's: G4160
Occurrences: 2253

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ὑπόλειμμα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ὑπόλειμμα
Transliteration: ypoleimma
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 8

πνεύματος

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πνεύματος
Transliteration: pneymatos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 38

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

εἴπατε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: λέγω
Transliteration: eipate
Morphology: verb, aorist active imperative or indicative, 2nd plural
Gloss: say; you said
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To say or speak.
Occurrences: 5490

τί

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: τίς
Transliteration: tis
Morphology: interrogative/indefinite pronoun
Gloss: who, someone
Part of Speech: interrogative/indefinite pronoun
Definition: Interrogative or indefinite pronoun depending on accent/context.
Occurrences: 1124

ἄλλο

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἄλλο
Transliteration: allo
Morphology: rare LXX source token; morphology and lexical role require manual review
Gloss: rare source form
Part of Speech: rare Greek/source form
Definition: Final low-confidence LXX tail classification for a rare Greek, elided, numeral, or transliterated source token. Exact lexical identity and morphology require manual review.
Occurrences: 6

ἢ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἤ
Transliteration: e
Morphology: disjunctive/comparative particle
Gloss: or, than
Part of Speech: conjunction/particle
Definition: Disjunctive or comparative particle.
Occurrences: 931

σπέρμα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σπέρμα
Transliteration: sperma
Morphology: noun, neuter nominative/accusative singular
Gloss: seed, offspring
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Seed, offspring, descendant, or sowing.
Occurrences: 200

ζητεῖ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ζητεῖ
Transliteration: zetei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 21

ὁ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

Θεός

Status: Machine-aligned lexicon entry
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Aligned to an existing lexicon entry but not manually reviewed for this LXX verse.
Note: Machine-aligned to an existing lexicon entry. Verify against the source before treating as hand-curated.
Lemma: θεός
Transliteration: theos
Morphology: noun
Gloss: God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity, or divine being.
Strong's: G2316
Occurrences: 3522

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

φυλάξασθε

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: φυλάξασθε
Transliteration: phylaxasthe
Morphology: vocative singular, imperative, or 3rd singular verb ending depending on context
Gloss: form requires context
Part of Speech: verb/noun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 16

ἐν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐν
Transliteration: en
Morphology: preposition with dative
Gloss: in, among, with
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the dative.
Strong's: G1722
Occurrences: 13086

τῷ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ὁ
Transliteration: ho
Morphology: definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: the
Part of Speech: article
Definition: Greek definite article.
Strong's: G3588
Occurrences: 80473

πνεύματι

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: πνεύματι
Transliteration: pneymati
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 34

ὑμῶν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

γυναῖκα

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: γυνή
Transliteration: gynaika
Morphology: noun, feminine accusative singular
Gloss: woman, wife
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: Woman or wife.
Occurrences: 889

νεότητός

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: νεότητός
Transliteration: neotetos
Morphology: nominative masculine singular or genitive neuter singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 25

σου

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: σύ
Transliteration: sy
Morphology: pronoun, nominative second-person singular
Gloss: you
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Second-person personal pronoun.
Occurrences: 12950

μὴ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μή
Transliteration: me
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not, lest
Part of Speech: particle
Definition: Negative particle commonly used with non-indicative moods.
Occurrences: 2979

ἐγκαταλίπῃς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐγκαταλίπῃς
Transliteration: egkatalipes
Morphology: genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss: of ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 14

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܕܠܡܐ ܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܚܕ ܓܒܪ ܘܫܪܟܐ ܕܪ̈ܘܚܬܐ ܕܝܠܗ ܗܘ ܚܕ ܒܥܐ ܙܪܥܐ ܡܢ ܐܠܗܐ ܐܙܕܗܪܘ ܒܪܘܚܟܘܢ ܘܐܢܫ ܒܐܢܬܬ ܛܠܝܘܬܗ ܠܐ ܢܕܓܠ

21 word entries

ܕܠܡܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܠܡܐ
Transliteration: dlm'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 132

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܠܐ
Transliteration: la
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2566

ܗܘܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘܐ
Transliteration: hwa
Morphology: verb, being/becoming root form
Gloss: was, became
Occurrences: 1800

ܚܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܕ
Transliteration: hd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 509

ܓܒܪ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܓܒܪ
Transliteration: gbr
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 148

ܘܫܪܟܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܫܪܟܐ
Transliteration: wshrk'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 87

ܕܪ̈ܘܚܬܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܪܘܚܬܐ
Transliteration: drwht'
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 4

ܕܝܠܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܕܝܠܗ
Transliteration: dylh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
Occurrences: 178

ܗܘ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܗܘ
Transliteration: hu
Morphology: pronoun/copula, masculine singular
Gloss: he, it, is
Occurrences: 2003

ܚܕ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܚܕ
Transliteration: hd
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 509

ܒܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܥܐ
Transliteration: b''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 48

ܙܪܥܐ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܙܪܥܐ
Transliteration: zr''
Morphology: probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
Occurrences: 41

ܡܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܡܢ
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 5552

ܐܠܗܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܐܠܗܐ
Transliteration: alaha
Morphology: noun, masculine emphatic singular
Gloss: God
Occurrences: 940

ܐܙܕܗܪܘ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܐܙܕܗܪܘ
Transliteration: 'zdhrw
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 7

ܒܪܘܚܟܘܢ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܪܘܚܟܘܢ
Transliteration: brwhkwn
Morphology: possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 3

ܘܐܢܫ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܘܐܢܫ
Transliteration: w'nsh
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review; prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 34

ܒܐܢܬܬ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܒܐܢܬܬ
Transliteration: b'ntt
Morphology: possible feminine singular, construct, or verbal ending; possible prefixed preposition b-
Occurrences: 1

ܛܠܝܘܬܗ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܛܠܝܘܬܗ
Transliteration: tlywth
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 12

ܠܐ

Confidence: medium preliminary Syriac rule/lexicon alignment
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac lexicon alignment. Useful for search and first-pass study; review before labeling as verified scholarship.
Lemma: ܠܐ
Transliteration: la
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2566

ܢܕܓܠ

Confidence: low preliminary Syriac pattern
Note: Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
Lemma: ܢܕܓܠ
Transliteration: ndgl
Morphology: Syriac source token; morphology requires contextual review
Occurrences: 2

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

הֲלָא חָד הֲוָה אַבְרָהָם יְחִידִי דִי מִנֵיהּ אִתְבְּרִי עַלְמָא וּמַה חַד בָּעֵי אֱלָהֵן דִי יִתְקַיֵם לֵיהּ וְלָד מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְתִסְתַּמְרוּן בְּנַפְשָׁתְכוֹן וּבְאִתַּת יַנְקוּתָךְ לָא תְשַׁקֵר׃

26 word entries

הֲלָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: הלא
Transliteration: hl'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 287

חָד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חד
Transliteration: chd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 373

הֲוָה

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: הוה
Transliteration: hwh
Morphology: verbal root הוה
Gloss: was, became, happened
Occurrences: 1114

אַבְרָהָם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אברהם
Transliteration: 'brhm
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 77

יְחִידִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יחידי
Transliteration: ychydy
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 5

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1711

מִנֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ניה
Transliteration: mnyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 178

אִתְבְּרִי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אתברי
Transliteration: 'tbry
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 9

עַלְמָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עלמא
Transliteration: 'lm'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 549

וּמַה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ומה
Transliteration: wmh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 82

חַד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: חד
Transliteration: chd
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 373

בָּעֵי

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בעי
Transliteration: b'y
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 52

אֱלָהֵן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אלהן
Transliteration: 'lhn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 58

דִי

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: די
Transliteration: dy
Morphology: relative/genitive particle
Gloss: of, that, which
Occurrences: 1711

יִתְקַיֵם

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: יתקים
Transliteration: ytqym
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 28

לֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ליה
Transliteration: lyh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 1154

וְלָד

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ולד
Transliteration: wld
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 13

מִן

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: מן
Transliteration: mn
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: from, out of, than
Occurrences: 2836

קֳדָם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: קדם
Transliteration: qdm
Morphology: prepositional or nominal form
Gloss: before, in front of, east
Occurrences: 2023

יְיָ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהוה
Transliteration: yy
Morphology: divine name substitute in Targumic Aramaic
Gloss: the Lord
Occurrences: 3908

וְתִסְתַּמְרוּן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תסתמרון
Transliteration: wtstmrwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 3

בְּנַפְשָׁתְכוֹן

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: נפשתכון
Transliteration: bnpshtkwn
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

וּבְאִתַּת

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: באתת
Transliteration: wb'tt
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 1

יַנְקוּתָךְ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: ינקותך
Transliteration: ynqwtk
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

לָא

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: לא
Transliteration: l'
Morphology: negative particle
Gloss: not
Occurrences: 2611

תְשַׁקֵר׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: תשקר
Transliteration: tshqr
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 2

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Nonne unus fecit, et residuum spiritus ejus est? et quid unus quærit, nisi semen Dei? custodite ergo spiritum vestrum, et uxorem adolescentiæ tuæ noli despicere.

25 word entries

nonne

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nonne
Transliteration: nonne
Morphology: GreLa POS: adverb
Occurrences: 208

unus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: unus
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

fecit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: facio
Transliteration: fecit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 4719

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

residuum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: residuus
Transliteration: residuum
Morphology: GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences: 48

spiritus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: spiritus
Transliteration: spiritus
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 709

eius

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eius
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

est

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: sum
Transliteration: est
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 20614

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

quid

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quis
Transliteration: quid
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 1619

unus

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: unus
Transliteration: unus
Morphology: GreLa POS: numeral
Occurrences: 1077

quaerit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: quaero
Transliteration: quaerit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 420

nisi

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nisi
Transliteration: nisi
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 265

semen

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: semen
Transliteration: semen
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 287

Dei

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: deus
Transliteration: Dei
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Gloss: God
Part of Speech: noun
Definition: God, deity
Etymology: Latin noun for God or a god.
Occurrences: 4889

custodite

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: custodio
Transliteration: custodite
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 358

ergo

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: ergo
Transliteration: ergo
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 1237

spiritum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: spiritus
Transliteration: spiritum
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 709

vestrum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uester
Transliteration: vestrum
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 1504

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

uxorem

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: uxor
Transliteration: uxorem
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 505

adulescentiae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: adolescentia
Transliteration: adulescentiae
Morphology: GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences: 36

tuae

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: tuus
Transliteration: tuae
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5615

noli

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: nolo
Transliteration: noli
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 620

despicere

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: despicio
Transliteration: despicere
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 68

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Malachi 2

Source Text Study

Ranked cross references

Malachi 2:14

Genesis 1:27

2 Corinthians 6:18

1 Corinthians 7:14

Titus 1:6

Hosea 1:10

Job 27:3

Deuteronomy 7:4

Proverbs 7:25

Genesis 6:2

Matthew 15:19

Ephesians 6:4