Joshua
Chapter 15
Verse 2
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Joshua 15

World English Bible, Verse 2

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2 Their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looks southward;

Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Joshua 15:2. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5
Word Entries 67
Editorial Notes 0
How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיְהִ֤י לָהֶם֙ גְּב֣וּל נֶ֔גֶב מִקְצֵ֖ה יָ֣ם הַמֶּ֑לַח מִן־הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן הַפֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּה׃

11 word entries
וַיְהִ֤י
Lemma
c/1961
Morphology
Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech
conjunction
Strong's
H1961
Occurrences
1772
לָהֶם֙
Lemma
l
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech
preposition
Occurrences
4413
גְּב֣וּל
Lemma
1366
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H1366
Occurrences
149
נֶ֔גֶב
Lemma
5045
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H5045
Occurrences
46
מִקְצֵ֖ה
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition + noun common both gender singular construct
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H7097
Occurrences
37
יָ֣ם
Lemma
3220
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H3220
Occurrences
160
הַמֶּ֑לַח
Lemma
d/4417
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common masculine singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H4417
Occurrences
9
מִן
Lemma
4480 a
Morphology
Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech
preposition
Strong's
H4480
Occurrences
1059
הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן
Lemma
d/3956
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + noun common both gender singular absolute
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H3956
Occurrences
2
הַפֹּנֶ֥ה
Lemma
d/6437
Morphology
Hebrew: particle definite article + verb qal participle active
Part of Speech
particle
Strong's
H6437
Occurrences
9
נֶֽגְבָּה
Lemma
5045
Morphology
Hebrew: noun common masculine singular absolute + suffix
Part of Speech
noun
Strong's
H5045
Occurrences
46
Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἐγενήθη αὐτῶν τὰ ὅρια ἀπὸ Λιβὸς ἕως μέρους θαλάσσης τῆς ἁλυκῆς ἀπὸ τῆς λοφιᾶς τῆς φερούσης ἐπὶ Λίβα.

19 word entries
Καὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
καί
Transliteration
kai
Morphology
coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and, also, even
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's
G2532
Occurrences
56730
ἐγενήθη
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
egenethe
Morphology
verb, aorist passive/deponent indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss
he/she/it became, happened
Part of Speech
verb
Definition
To become, happen, come to be, or be made.
Occurrences
1418
αὐτῶν
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
autos
Morphology
pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
he, himself
Part of Speech
pronoun
Definition
Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences
26672
τὰ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ὅρια
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
horia
Morphology
noun, neuter nominative/accusative plural
Gloss
borders, boundaries
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Boundary, border, or territory.
Occurrences
227
ἀπὸ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἀπό
Transliteration
apo
Morphology
preposition with genitive
Gloss
from, away from
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
Occurrences
3869
Λιβὸς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
libos
Morphology
proper noun, likely indeclinable or context-dependent inflected form
Gloss
Λιβὸς
Part of Speech
proper noun
Definition
Generated proper-name alignment. Exact identity should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
10
ἕως
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἕως
Transliteration
heos
Morphology
preposition/conjunction
Gloss
until, as far as
Part of Speech
preposition/conjunction
Definition
Temporal or spatial marker.
Occurrences
1413
μέρους
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
meroys
Morphology
accusative plural masculine or genitive singular neuter pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
34
θαλάσσης
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Transliteration
thalassa
Morphology
noun, feminine nominative singular
Gloss
sea
Part of Speech
noun
Definition
Sea, lake, or large body of water.
Occurrences
375
τῆς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
ἁλυκῆς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
alykes
Morphology
genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss
of ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
3
ἀπὸ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἀπό
Transliteration
apo
Morphology
preposition with genitive
Gloss
from, away from
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of ἀπό.
Occurrences
3869
τῆς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
λοφιᾶς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
lophias
Morphology
accusative plural feminine or genitive singular feminine pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
2
τῆς
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
Transliteration
ho
Morphology
definite article, nominative masculine singular
Gloss
the
Part of Speech
article
Definition
Greek definite article.
Strong's
G3588
Occurrences
80473
φερούσης
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
low
Confidence note
Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Transliteration
pheroyses
Morphology
genitive singular feminine or nominative masculine pattern
Gloss
of ...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective/pronoun form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
1
ἐπὶ
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium high
Confidence note
Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma
ἐπί
Transliteration
epi
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
on, upon, over, against
Part of Speech
preposition
Definition
Elided/aspirated form of the preposition ἐπί.
Occurrences
6685
Λίβα
Status
Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence
medium
Confidence note
Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Transliteration
liba
Morphology
nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss
...
Part of Speech
noun/adjective form
Definition
Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences
30
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܗܘܐ ܬܚܘܡܗܘܢ ܡܢ ܬܝܡܢܐ ܕܣܘܦܐ ܕܝܡܐ ܕܡܠܚܐ ܘܣ̇ܠܩ ܡܢ ܬܡܢ ܠܠܫܢܐ ܕܦ̇ܢܐ ܠܬܝܡܢܐ

13 word entries
ܘܗܘܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
WHW>
Morphology
W-HW(J&>[
Occurrences
0
ܬܚܘܡܗܘܢ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
TXWMHWN
Morphology
TXWM/-HWN
Occurrences
0
ܡܢ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
MN
Morphology
MN
Occurrences
0
ܬܝܡܢܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
TJMN>
Morphology
TJMN/~>
Occurrences
0
ܕܣܘܦܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
DSWP>
Morphology
D-SWP/~>
Occurrences
0
ܕܝܡܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
DJM>
Morphology
D-JM/~>
Occurrences
0
ܕܡܠܚܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
DMLX>
Morphology
D-MLX/~>
Occurrences
0
ܘܣ̇ܠܩ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
WS^LQ
Morphology
W-SLQ[/
Occurrences
0
ܡܢ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
MN
Morphology
MN
Occurrences
0
ܬܡܢ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
TMN
Morphology
TMN
Occurrences
0
ܠܠܫܢܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
LLCN>
Morphology
L-LCN/~>
Occurrences
0
ܕܦ̇ܢܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
DP^N>
Morphology
D-PN(J[/>
Occurrences
0
ܠܬܝܡܢܐ
Confidence
medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note
OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration
LTJMN>
Morphology
L-TJMN/~>
Occurrences
0
Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַהֲוָה לְהוֹן תְּחוּם דָרוֹמָא מִסְיָפֵי יַמָא דְמִלְחָא מִן כֵּיפָא דְמִתְפְּנֵי לְדָרוֹמָא׃

11 word entries
וַהֲוָה
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
הוה
Transliteration
whwh
Morphology
prefixed conjunction ו + verbal root הוה
Gloss
and was, became, happened
Occurrences
1114
לְהוֹן
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
הון
Transliteration
lhwn
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
1262
תְּחוּם
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
tchwm
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences
100
דָרוֹמָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
drwm'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
151
מִסְיָפֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
msypy
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
71
יַמָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
ימא
Transliteration
ym'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
284
דְמִלְחָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
dmlch'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
5
מִן
Confidence
medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note
Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma
מן
Transliteration
mn
Morphology
preposition
Gloss
from, out of, than
Occurrences
2836
כֵּיפָא
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma
יפא
Transliteration
kyp'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
18
דְמִתְפְּנֵי
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
dmtpny
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences
4
לְדָרוֹמָא׃
Status
Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence
low aramaic preliminary
Note
Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Transliteration
ldrwm'
Morphology
preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences
34
Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Initium ejus a summitate maris salsissimi, et a lingua ejus, quæ respicit meridiem.

13 word entries
initium
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
initium
Transliteration
initium
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
101
eius
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eius
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
a
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ab
Transliteration
a
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
3693
summitate
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
summitate
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
31
maris
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
mare
Transliteration
maris
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
490
Salsissimi
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
salsus
Transliteration
Salsissimi
Morphology
GreLa POS: adjective
Occurrences
9
et
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
et
Transliteration
et
Morphology
GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss
and
Part of Speech
conjunction
Definition
and, also, even
Etymology
Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences
50526
a
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
ab
Transliteration
a
Morphology
GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences
3693
lingua
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
lingua
Transliteration
lingua
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
219
eius
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
is
Transliteration
eius
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
17810
quae
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma
qui
Transliteration
quae
Morphology
GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences
15011
respicit
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
respicit
Morphology
GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences
203
meridiem
Status
Dataset-backed morphology
Transliteration
meridiem
Morphology
GreLa POS: noun
Occurrences
73

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

Genesis 14:3

All these joined together in the valley of Siddim (also called the Salt Sea).

3 relevance votes

Ezekiel 47:8

Then he said to me, “These waters flow out toward the eastern region and will go down into the Arabah. Then they will go toward the sea and flow into the sea which will be made to flow out; and the waters will be healed.

3 relevance votes

Isaiah 11:15

Yahweh will utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with his scorching wind he will wave his hand over the River, and will split it into seven streams, and cause men to march over in sandals.

3 relevance votes

Joshua 3:16

the waters which came down from above stood, and rose up in one heap a great way off, at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those that went down toward the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, were wholly cut off. Then the people passed over near Jericho.

2 relevance votes

Ezekiel 47:18

“The east side, between Hauran, Damascus, Gilead, and the land of Israel, shall be the Jordan; from the north border to the east sea you shall measure. This is the east side.

2 relevance votes

Numbers 34:3

then your south quarter shall be from the wilderness of Zin along by the side of Edom, and your south border shall be from the end of the Salt Sea eastward.

2 relevance votes
Chapter 15 of 24 Verse 2 of 63