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World English Bible

Joshua 10

World English Bible, Verse 29

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²⁹ Joshua passed from Makkedah, and all Israel with him, to Libnah, and fought against Libnah.

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Original Language

Source Text Study

Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Joshua 10:29. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.

Panels 5

Word Entries 59

Editorial Notes 0

How to read this study data

Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.

When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.

Westminster Leningrad Codex Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible

Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.

וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר יְ֠הוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל עִמּ֛וֹ מִמַּקֵּדָ֖ה לִבְנָ֑ה וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם עִם־לִבְנָֽה׃

10 word entries

וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר

Lemma: c/5674 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb qal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H5674
Occurrences: 159

יְ֠הוֹשֻׁעַ

Lemma: 3091
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3091
Occurrences: 196

וְכָֽל

Lemma: c/3605
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3605
Occurrences: 749

יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל

Lemma: 3478
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3478
Occurrences: 2260

עִמּ֛וֹ

Lemma: 5973 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + suffix
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5973
Occurrences: 900

מִמַּקֵּדָ֖ה

Lemma: m/4719
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition + noun proper
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H4719
Occurrences: 1

לִבְנָ֑ה

Lemma: 3841
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3841
Occurrences: 10

וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם

Lemma: c/3898 a
Morphology: Hebrew: conjunction + verb niphal sequential imperfect 3rd person masculine singular
Part of Speech: conjunction
Strong's: H3898
Occurrences: 61

עִם

Lemma: 5973 a
Morphology: Hebrew: preposition
Part of Speech: preposition
Strong's: H5973
Occurrences: 900

לִבְנָֽה

Lemma: 3841
Morphology: Hebrew: noun proper
Part of Speech: noun
Strong's: H3841
Occurrences: 10

Greek Brenton Septuagint Greek · Septuagint / Brenton Greek tradition · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and Apocrypha where imported

Ancient Greek translation tradition. Every imported LXX token is classified with confidence labels; rare/generated forms remain needs-review rather than hand-verified scholarship.

Καὶ ἀπῆλθεν Ἰησοῦς καὶ πᾶς Ἰσραὴλ μετʼ αὐτοῦ ἐκ Μακηδὰ εἰς Λεβνὰ, καὶ ἐπολιόρκει Λεβνά.

15 word entries

Καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἀπῆλθεν

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἀπέρχομαι
Transliteration: apelthen
Morphology: verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd singular
Gloss: he/she went away, departed
Part of Speech: verb
Definition: To go away, depart, or leave.
Occurrences: 50

Ἰησοῦς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰησοῦς
Transliteration: Iesous
Morphology: proper noun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: Joshua/Jesus
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Joshua/Jesus, biblical personal name.
Occurrences: 206

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

πᾶς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: πᾶς
Transliteration: pas
Morphology: adjective, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: all, every
Part of Speech: adjective
Definition: All, every, whole.
Occurrences: 6138

Ἰσραὴλ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: Ἰσραήλ
Transliteration: Israel
Morphology: proper noun, indeclinable
Gloss: Israel
Part of Speech: proper noun
Definition: Israel; the patriarch, people, or land depending on context.
Occurrences: 2695

μετʼ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: μετά
Transliteration: met
Morphology: preposition, elided form
Gloss: with, after
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Elided/aspirated form of μετά.
Occurrences: 2247

αὐτοῦ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: αὐτός
Transliteration: autos
Morphology: pronoun, nominative masculine singular
Gloss: he, himself
Part of Speech: pronoun
Definition: Third-person personal/intensive pronoun.
Occurrences: 26672

ἐκ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: ἐκ
Transliteration: ek
Morphology: preposition with genitive
Gloss: from, out of
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the genitive; form before a vowel.
Occurrences: 3500

Μακηδὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: μακηδὰ
Transliteration: makeda
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

εἰς

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: εἰς
Transliteration: eis
Morphology: preposition with accusative
Gloss: into, to, for
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: Preposition commonly taking the accusative.
Occurrences: 6787

Λεβνὰ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: λεβνὰ
Transliteration: lebna
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 5

καὶ

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium high
Confidence note: Rule-aligned high-frequency LXX form. Stronger than generic preliminary enrichment, but not manually reviewed verse-by-verse.
Lemma: καί
Transliteration: kai
Morphology: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and, also, even
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: Coordinating conjunction.
Strong's: G2532
Occurrences: 56730

ἐπολιόρκει

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: medium
Confidence note: Broad rule-aligned LXX morphology pattern. This is a generated morphology/part-of-speech layer intended for progress and searchability, not a hand-reviewed scholarly parse.
Lemma: ἐπολιόρκει
Transliteration: epoliorkei
Morphology: dative singular or indeclinable form pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 4

Λεβνά

Status: Rule-aligned morphology
Confidence: low
Confidence note: Rare-form generated LXX morphology pattern. This improves coverage and searchability, but should be treated as low-confidence until reviewed against the verse context.
Lemma: λεβνά
Transliteration: lebna
Morphology: nominative/accusative neuter plural or feminine nominative singular pattern
Gloss: ...
Part of Speech: noun/adjective form
Definition: Generated LXX morphology pattern. Lexical meaning and exact parsing should be reviewed against the verse context.
Occurrences: 2

Syriac Peshitta Old Testament Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License

Source

Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha

Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.

ܘܥܒܪ ܝܫܘܥ ܘܟܠܗ ܐܝܣܪܝܠ ܥܡܗ ܡܢ ܡܩܪ ܠܠܒܢܐ ܘܐܬܟܬܫ ܥܡ ܠܒܢܐ

11 word entries

ܘܥܒܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W<BR
Morphology: W-<BR[
Occurrences: 0

ܝܫܘܥ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: JCW<
Morphology: JCW</
Occurrences: 0

ܘܟܠܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: WKLH
Morphology: W-KL/-H
Occurrences: 0

ܐܝܣܪܝܠ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: >JSRJL
Morphology: >JSRJL/
Occurrences: 0

ܥܡܗ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <MH
Morphology: <M-H
Occurrences: 0

ܡܢ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MN
Morphology: MN
Occurrences: 0

ܡܩܪ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: MQR
Morphology: MQR=/
Occurrences: 0

ܠܠܒܢܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LLBN>
Morphology: L-LBN/~>
Occurrences: 0

ܘܐܬܟܬܫ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: W>TKTC
Morphology: W-@>T@KTC[:d
Occurrences: 0

ܥܡ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: <M
Morphology: <M
Occurrences: 0

ܠܒܢܐ

Confidence: medium Apache-2.0 OpenSSI Syriac parser output
Note: OpenSSI morphology candidate mapped by book/chapter/verse and token position. Review before labeling as hand-verified scholarship.
Transliteration: LBN>
Morphology: LBN>/
Occurrences: 0

Targumim on Prophets and Writings Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain

Source

Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.

Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.

וַעֲבַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל עִמֵיהּ מִמַקֵדָה לְלִבְנָה וְאַגִיחַ קְרָבָא עִם לִבְנָה׃

11 word entries

וַעֲבַר

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עבר
Transliteration: w'br
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 107

יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: יהושע
Transliteration: yhwsh'
Morphology: proper noun
Gloss: Joshua
Occurrences: 200

וְכָל

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: וכל
Transliteration: wkl
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 550

יִשְׂרָאֵל

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: ישראל
Transliteration: yshr'l
Morphology: proper noun
Gloss: Israel
Occurrences: 2312

עִמֵיהּ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: עמיה
Transliteration: 'myh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic source token
Occurrences: 403

מִמַקֵדָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: מקדה
Transliteration: mmqdh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 7

לְלִבְנָה

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: לבנה
Transliteration: llbnh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 5

וְאַגִיחַ

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: אגיח
Transliteration: w'gych
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with prefixed conjunction
Occurrences: 36

קְרָבָא

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: קרבא
Transliteration: qrb'
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
Occurrences: 469

עִם

Confidence: medium aramaic rule-aligned
Note: Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
Lemma: עם
Transliteration: 'm
Morphology: preposition
Gloss: with
Occurrences: 1754

לִבְנָה׃

Status: Preliminary machine alignment
Confidence: low aramaic preliminary
Note: Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
Lemma: בנה
Transliteration: lbnh
Morphology: preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
Occurrences: 13

Latin Vulgate Clementine Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology

Source

Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported

Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.

Transivit autem cum omni Israël de Maceda in Lebna, et pugnabat contra eam:

12 word entries

transivit

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: transeo
Transliteration: transivit
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 403

cum

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: cum
Transliteration: cum
Morphology: GreLa POS: subordinating conjunction
Occurrences: 5272

omni

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: omnis
Transliteration: omni
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 5506

Israhel

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Israel
Transliteration: Israhel
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 2547

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: de
Transliteration: de
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 4779

Maceda

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Maceda
Transliteration: Maceda
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 9

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: in
Transliteration: in
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Gloss: in
Part of Speech: preposition
Definition: in, into, among, on
Etymology: Latin preposition used with ablative for location or with accusative for motion.
Occurrences: 22264

Lebna

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: Lebna
Transliteration: Lebna
Morphology: GreLa POS: proper noun
Occurrences: 9

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: et
Transliteration: et
Morphology: GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
Gloss: and
Part of Speech: conjunction
Definition: and, also, even
Etymology: Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
Occurrences: 50526

pugnabat

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: pugno
Transliteration: pugnabat
Morphology: GreLa POS: verb
Occurrences: 178

contra

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: contra
Transliteration: contra
Morphology: GreLa POS: adposition/preposition
Occurrences: 895

eam

Status: Dataset-backed morphology
Lemma: is
Transliteration: eam
Morphology: GreLa POS: pronoun
Occurrences: 17810

Ranked cross references

Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.

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Joshua 10

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