8 But they are together brutish and foolish, instructed by idols! It is just wood.
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Original Language
Source Text Study
Relevant source witnesses currently attached to Jeremiah 10:8. Some ancient sources use different book or verse structures, so availability notes call out gaps honestly instead of forcing five panels everywhere.
Panels
5
Word Entries
36
Editorial Notes
1
How to read this study data
Source panels are separated by tradition and license. Imported or dataset-backed morphology is stronger than generated or rule-aligned morphology, and editorial alignment notes explain source-structure exceptions without pretending to be ancient source text.
When a verse uses different numbering in a source tradition, Spirit Nation may show the closest mapped source reference and label it directly on the panel.
Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew · Hebrew Bible · Public Domain
Coverage: Old Testament / Hebrew Bible
Primary Hebrew source-text witness for the Hebrew Bible.
וּבְאַחַ֖ת יִבְעֲר֣וּ וְיִכְסָ֑לוּ מוּסַ֥ר הֲבָלִ֖ים עֵ֥ץ הֽוּא׃
7 word entries
וּבְאַחַ֖ת
יִבְעֲר֣וּ
וְיִכְסָ֑לוּ
מוּסַ֥ר
הֲבָלִ֖ים
עֵ֥ץ
Syriac Peshitta Old Testament
Syriac · Syriac Peshitta · MIT License
Coverage: Old Testament and selected Apocrypha
Ancient Syriac translation tradition. Text coverage is imported; word-level morphology is marked pending until a dedicated Syriac morphology source is attached.
ܘܐܟܚܕܐ ܢܐܒܕܘܢ ܘܢܣܘܦܘܢ ܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܣܪ̈ܝܩܐ ܕܕܚ̈ܠܬܐ ܕܩܝܣܐ
7 word entries
ܘܐܟܚܕܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܐܟܚܕܐ
- Transliteration
- w'khd'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 14
ܢܐܒܕܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܢܐܒܕܘܢ
- Transliteration
- n'bdwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending
- Occurrences
- 18
ܘܢܣܘܦܘܢ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܘܢܣܘܦܘܢ
- Transliteration
- wnswpwn
- Morphology
- possible masculine plural or verbal/pronominal ending; prefixed conjunction
- Occurrences
- 6
ܝܘܠܦܢܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܝܘܠܦܢܐ
- Transliteration
- ywlpn'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 7
ܣܪ̈ܝܩܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܣܪܝܩܐ
- Transliteration
- sryq'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a
- Occurrences
- 7
ܕܕܚ̈ܠܬܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܕܚܠܬܐ
- Transliteration
- ddhlt'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 8
ܕܩܝܣܐ
- Confidence
- low preliminary Syriac pattern
- Note
- Spirit Nation preliminary Syriac pattern classification. It improves searchability and display coverage, but exact parsing requires human or dataset review.
- Lemma
- ܕܩܝܣܐ
- Transliteration
- dqys'
- Morphology
- probable emphatic-state noun/adjective or verbal form ending in -a; possible prefixed relative/genitive marker d-
- Occurrences
- 34
Targumim on Prophets and Writings
Aramaic · Targum Jonathan and Writings Targumim · Public Domain
Coverage: Prophets, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Megillot, and Chronicles. Torah Onkelos excluded pending commercial-safe licensing.
Jewish Aramaic interpretive translation tradition. Use as a Targum witness, not as a one-for-one original-language replacement.
וּבַחֲדָא יְחוֹבוּן עַמְמַיָא פַּלְחֵי כּוֹכְבַיָא עַל דְאִטַפָּשׁוּ עַל דִפְלָחוּ לְטַעֲוָתָא דִלְמָא אִינוּן׃
12 word entries
וּבַחֲדָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- בחדא
- Transliteration
- wbchd'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 1
יְחוֹבוּן
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- יחובון
- Transliteration
- ychwbwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 14
עַמְמַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- עממיא
- Transliteration
- 'mmy'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 635
פַּלְחֵי
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פלחי
- Transliteration
- plchy
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 65
כּוֹכְבַיָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- וכביא
- Transliteration
- kwkby'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 40
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
דְאִטַפָּשׁוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אטפשו
- Transliteration
- d'tpshw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 9
עַל
- Confidence
- medium aramaic rule-aligned
- Note
- Matched Spirit Nation Aramaic rule lexicon. Verify before labeling as hand-reviewed scholarship.
- Lemma
- על
- Transliteration
- 'l
- Morphology
- preposition
- Gloss
- on, upon, against, concerning
- Occurrences
- 3568
דִפְלָחוּ
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- פלחו
- Transliteration
- dplchw
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic token with stripped prefix/suffix
- Occurrences
- 54
לְטַעֲוָתָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- טעותא
- Transliteration
- lt'wt'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 113
דִלְמָא
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- למא
- Transliteration
- dlm'
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic emphatic noun/adjective candidate
- Occurrences
- 187
אִינוּן׃
- Status
- Preliminary machine alignment
- Confidence
- low aramaic preliminary
- Note
- Preliminary Aramaic token normalization. Lemma/gloss/morphology require later review.
- Lemma
- אינון
- Transliteration
- 'ynwn
- Morphology
- preliminary Aramaic source token
- Occurrences
- 449
Latin Vulgate Clementine
Latin · Latin Vulgate · Public Domain text; CC BY-SA 4.0 morphology
Coverage: Bible and Apocrypha where imported
Latin textual tradition with GreLa-backed lemma/POS morphology for most tokens.
Pariter insipientes et fatui probabuntur: doctrina vanitatis eorum lignum est.
10 word entries
pariter
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- pariter
- Transliteration
- pariter
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adverb
- Occurrences
- 84
insipientes
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- insipiens
- Transliteration
- insipientes
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 53
et
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- et
- Transliteration
- et
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: coordinating conjunction
- Gloss
- and
- Part of Speech
- conjunction
- Definition
- and, also, even
- Etymology
- Basic Latin coordinating conjunction.
- Occurrences
- 50526
fatui
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- fatuus
- Transliteration
- fatui
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: adjective
- Occurrences
- 33
probabuntur
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- probo
- Transliteration
- probabuntur
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 107
doctrina
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- doctrina
- Transliteration
- doctrina
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 113
vanitatis
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- uanitas
- Transliteration
- vanitatis
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 69
eorum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- is
- Transliteration
- eorum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: pronoun
- Occurrences
- 17810
lignum
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- lignum
- Transliteration
- lignum
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: noun
- Occurrences
- 314
est
- Status
- Dataset-backed morphology
- Lemma
- sum
- Transliteration
- est
- Morphology
- GreLa POS: verb
- Occurrences
- 20614
Spirit Nation Greek LXX Alignment Note
English · Greek Septuagint Structure · Spirit Nation Editorial Note
Coverage: Source-structure exceptions
Explains reader references where the imported tradition does not align one-to-one.
Editorial alignment note: The Greek Septuagint tradition often follows different ordering, grouping, or book structure here. Reader-side public-domain text for this reference: "But they are altogether brutish and foolish: the stock is a doctrine of vanities." This panel is a study bridge only, not a replacement for an ancient source witness.
Source verse imported. Word-by-word lemma, morphology, gloss, and lexicon entries have not been attached for this language/source yet.
These notes explain relevant source panels that are not shown for this verse because of source coverage, licensing, alternate traditions, or versification structure.
-
Greek LXX
alternate structure
Greek Jeremiah follows a shorter and differently ordered Septuagint tradition, so some Hebrew/English verse numbers do not have a one-to-one Greek panel.
Ranked cross references
Connections are ranked by community votes in the OpenBible.info cross-reference dataset (CC BY 4.0). They suggest related themes, words, events, or people; they are not automatic interpretations.
Jeremiah 10:14
Every man has become brutish and without knowledge. Every goldsmith is disappointed by his engraved image; for his molten image is falsehood, and there is no breath in them.
4 relevance votesZechariah 10:2
For the teraphim have spoken vanity, and the diviners have seen a lie; and they have told false dreams. They comfort in vain. Therefore they go their way like sheep. They are oppressed, because there is no shepherd.
4 relevance votesPsalms 115:8
Those who make them will be like them; yes, everyone who trusts in them.
3 relevance votesHabakkuk 2:18
“What value does the engraved image have, that its maker has engraved it; the molten image, even the teacher of lies, that he who fashions its form trusts in it, to make mute idols?
3 relevance votesIsaiah 41:29
Behold, all of their deeds are vanity and nothing. Their molten images are wind and confusion.
3 relevance votesPsalms 135:18
Those who make them will be like them, yes, everyone who trusts in them.
3 relevance votesHosea 4:12
My people consult with their wooden idol, and answer to a stick of wood. Indeed the spirit of prostitution has led them astray, and they have been unfaithful to their God.
2 relevance votesJeremiah 4:22
“For my people are foolish. They don’t know me. They are foolish children, and they have no understanding. They are skillful in doing evil, but they don’t know how to do good.”
2 relevance votesJeremiah 2:27
who tell wood, ‘You are my father,’ and a stone, ‘You have given birth to me,’ for they have turned their back to me, and not their face, but in the time of their trouble they will say, ‘Arise, and save us!’
2 relevance votesIsaiah 44:19
No one thinks, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say, “I have burned part of it in the fire. Yes, I have also baked bread on its coals. I have roasted meat and eaten it. Shall I make the rest of it into an abomination? Shall I bow down to a tree trunk?”
2 relevance votes